Niaj hnub no peb qhia txog uas Robert Ludlum. Phau ntawv ntawm no American txawj sau ntawv, thiab nws biography yuav tau los sib tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm. Nws yog tus neeg sau ntawm ntau bestsellers, tsim kom muaj thiab actor. Tus kws sau ntawv tej hauj lwm muaj tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 32 yam lus thiab muag nyob rau hauv excess ntawm 210 lab luam.
biography
Robert Ludlum yug nyob rau hauv New York, thaum tuaj nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1927. Nws txiv, George, tuag thaum tus tub hluas tsuas yog 7 xyoo. Yog li ntawd, lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv siv ntau lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv New Jersey. Muaj nws nyob nrog tej txheeb ze. Tus tub tau pib kawm nyob rau ntawm lub Rectory School. Tom qab nws nkag mus hauv lub Wesleyan University, uas yog nyob rau hauv Middletown, Conn. Muaj nws los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub kev me nyuam kawm ntawv fraternity hu ua Alpha Delta Officer.
Heev thaum ntxov, Robert pib xav txog cov kev xaiv ntawm yav tom ntej hauj lwm. Nws xav mus yuav ib tug actor, ib tug tub rog, ib tug txawj sau ntawv thiab neeg uas ua ntawv. Thaum nws muaj 16 xyoo, nws twb nug mus ua si ib lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau lawm hu ua Junior Miss. Nws kiag li tau hloov lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg hluas. Nyob rau hauv 1945 nws mus txog rau cov tub rog, nws tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv lub Tubrog nkoj Corps nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub Pacific hiav txwv. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj ob peb lub hlis uas nws siv nyob rau hauv qhov zoo ibyam, nws tsim pua pua ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntawm impressions. Nyob rau hauv nws nws piav cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv lub Navy. Thaum nws rov qab mus Middletown neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv 1951 nws tau txais ib tug bachelor degree nyob rau hauv arts. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yuav. Xaiv ib tug poj niam, Mary, uas lawv tau coj peb cov me nyuam.
kev ua si
Nyob rau hauv lub fifties, Robert Ludlum nyob nquag nyob rau hauv TV series thiab TV qhia tau hais tias. Nyob rau hauv 1954, nws ua si Spartacus nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis "Gladiator". Ob xyoos ua ntej hais tias nws twb muaj kev tswj kom tig mus rau hauv ib tug tub rog lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis "Muaj zog nyob ib leeg," qhia los ntawm Fritz Hoshuolder. Robert Ludlum los ua ib tug tsim nyob rau hauv North Jersey Playhouse. 2 xyoo tom qab ntawd nws tsim ib tug yeeb yam hu ua lub Playhouse-rau-tus-Mall nyob rau hauv New Jersey, Paramus lub zos. Kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1971 Ludlum sau xwb plays rau nws tus kheej ua yeeb yam. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv twb tuaj rau Broadway.
Nyob rau hauv 1971, thawj phau ntawv ntawm cov neeg sau "cuab yeej cuab tam Scarlatti" tau luam tawm, uas qhia zaj dab neeg txog ib tug American tub rog thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog. Raws li tus sau, cov ua hauj lwm tswj kom luam tawm xwb 10 cov me nyuam. Publishers ntshai tsam rau txoj hmoo ntawm cov phau ntawv, txawm li cas los, tus tshiab los ua ib tug bestseller tam sim ntawd. Tus tom ntej khoom ntawm tus sau yog tus ua hauj lwm ntawm "Lub Osterman Weekend", uas yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1973. Lub eponymous zaj duab xis adaptation ntawm cov dab neeg nyob rau hauv 1983. Tus thawj coj ntawm cov zaj duab xis yog Sam Peckinpah. Robert nrog nws tsev neeg nyob rau hauv 1970 tau tsiv mus rau New York. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws muaj ib lub tsev thiab nyob rau hauv Florida. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, Ludlum ntau ntawm ncig teb chaws, sau cov ntaub ntawv uas rau yav tom ntej cov dab neeg. Raws li cov kws ntawv, nws nyiam lub nroog txhua lub sij hawm yog Paris.
Lub Bourne leejtwg
Nws luam tawm ib phau ntawv, "Lub Bourne leejtwg" nyob rau hauv 1980. Nws coj nws thoob ntiaj teb lub koob meej thiab tau los ua tus pib ntawm ib tug series ntawm tej hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg, Bourne - lub cim tseem ceeb - twb pom nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv tsis muaj kev nco. Nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm, nws yog ib tug CIA neeg sawv cev. Thoob plaws hauv lub narrative tus hero nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov nws yeej muaj tseeb yog leej twg. "Lub Bourne leejtwg" yog thawj yees duab nyob rau hauv 1988 rau lub thib ob lub sij hawm - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm xyoo 2002. Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg, tus hero yuav pab Marie St. Jacques. Cuam tshuam nrog, nyob rau hauv lem, yog yuav mus ua hauj lwm ntawm lub CIA thiab Carlos lub hma - ib tug tsa tes yeeb ncuab. Ntawm cov lwm yam cim yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg Jack Manning - ib qho ntawm lub senior ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Central txawj ntse Agency. Txuas ntxiv dabneeg steel khoom "superiority Bourne" thiab "ultimatum" uas feem tuaj nyob rau hauv 1986 thiab 1990 xyoo.
Qhov ua kom yuam ntawm Prometheus
Ib txhia tej hauj lwm ntawm tus neeg sau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub pseudonyms Dzhonatan Rayder thiab Maykl Sheperd. Chaw Roberta Ladlema phau ntawv xaus nrog "Qhov ua kom yuam ntawm Prometheus", uas yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv 2000. Tus kws sau ntawv tuag nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 12, 2001. Nws yog 73 xyoo. Cov ua yog ib tug plawv nres. Nws yog tus sau los ntawm ntau tshaj nees nkaum phau ntawv. Posthumous thaud ntawm sau ntawv tau pom. Ib tug ntawm lawv - "Ambler Ceeb Toom" - twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv luam nyob rau hauv 2005 nyob rau hauv tus thawj. Nyob rau hauv 2006 nws twb txhais ua Lavxias teb sab, thiab nyob rau hauv Russia ua hauj lwm los ua ib tug bestseller.
chaw
Nyob rau hauv 1971, tus sau tau sau cov phau ntawv "txojsia uas Scarlatti." Nyob rau hauv 1972 tuaj lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Osterman Weekend." Cov phau ntawv "Lub Matlock ntawv" zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv 1973. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj yog phau ntawv "Exchange Raynemanna" nyob rau hauv 1974 nyob rau hauv lub npe Jonathan Ryder tuaj Trevayne ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1973 thiab "Tus Hu rau cov Halidon" nyob rau hauv 1974. Nyob rau hauv 1975, nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Michael Shephard luam tawm ua hauj lwm "Cov kev mus Gandolfo." phau ntawv "ntxaib rival" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1976. "Sau Chenselora" nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1977 phau ntawv "Lub Will Holcroft" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1978. Ua hauj lwm "Matarese vajvoog" nyob rau hauv 1979, "Lub Bourne leejtwg" sau nyob rau hauv 1980. tus sau tau tsim ib tug ua hauj lwm "Parsifal Mosaic" nyob rau hauv 1982. Nyob rau hauv 1984 nws luam tawm hauv phau ntawv "kev koom tes ntawm Aquitaine." Nyob rau hauv 1986 nws luam tawm "Cov Bourne Supremacy." Phau Ntawv Cov Icarus Agenda tshwm nyob rau hauv 1988. "Lub Bourne ultimatum" yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1990. Nyob rau hauv 1992, tus sau ua ib qho kev ua hauj lwm ntawm "Cov kev mus Omaha." Nyob rau hauv 1993 nws luam tawm hauv phau ntawv "Lub illusion ntawm ib tug scorpion." Nyob rau hauv 1995, yog ib tug ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Apocalypse Watch. Nyob rau hauv 1997, phau ntawv Matarese Countdown. Nyob rau hauv 2000, Robert Ludlum xaus rau hauv phau ntawv "Qhov ua kom yuam ntawm Prometheus." Nyob rau hauv 2005, tus kws ntawv luam tawm ntawv sau "Ambler Ceeb Toom".