Slutsk siv - ib lub teb chaws cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm Belarus. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam

Slutsk siv (sab laug) - ib lub teb chaws cov khoom muaj nqis Belarusians, keeb kwm lub cim thiab hom ntawm lub teb chaws, raws li tau zoo raws li ib qho piv txwv ntawm applied kos duab ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv hnub no lub Belarus lawv muaj ntau heev ob peb.

Piv txwv li, ob peb xyoos nyob rau hauv Minsk, cov National Art tsev cia puav pheej tshaaj txoj siv ntawm Russia, Ukraine thiab Lithuania. Yog li ntawd, cia li nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas no kos duab yog tsim thiab li cas nws twb tos rau txoj hmoo.

kev ua yuam kev zaum

Lub keeb kwm ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam nws muaj nws lub hauv paus pib nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua, hauv lub tebchaws no. Nws yog lub ces scholars thiab tau los ua tus yog vim li cas ntawm lawv cov tsos. Historians tau tswv yim hais tias lub gentry chav kawm ntawv yog muab tau los ntawm lub ancient steppe cov neeg, uas yog lub npe hu nyob rau hauv lub annals ntawm cov neeg Loos thiab cov Greeks - lub Sarmatians. Tias qhov no assumption yog lub impetus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub XVII xyoo pua ib tug tshiab ideology - Sarmatian. Aristocrats nyiam nqe lus no, thiab lawv pib xav txog lawv tus kheej xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub steppe neeg, thiab cov neeg - los ntawm lub Slavs thiab Balts.

Txij li thaum lub Sarmatians yog cov neeg los ntawm cov sab hnub tuaj, nws yog heev nrov ntawm cov gentry pib siv txhob lo lo ntxhuav koj cov menyuam, uas tau mas los ntawm Persia thiab Qaib Cov Txwv nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo. Tej lub sij hawm yog xam tau tias yog ib lub cim ntawm wealth thiab hwj chim ntawm nws tus tswv, raws li zoo li ib qho tseem ceeb feem ntawm qhov thiaj li hu ua "Sarmatian" suits. Yog li, nws yog dag ntxias historians tshwm sim los ntawm tshwm sim los ntawm lub phenomenon ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam.

Pib ntawm ntau lawm

Nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua nyob rau hauv cov nom tswv cajceg ntawm Rzeczpospolita li cas txog 15% ntawm cov pejxeem. Yog li ntawd, kev thov rau Turkish txhob lo lo ntxhuav siv yog loj txaus. Thiab, raws li lawv hais, thov tsim mov.

Ces tus hetman ntawm cov neeg pej xeem Duchy ntawm Lithuania Mikhail Kazimir Radziwill pib lub tswv yim ntawm zus tau tej cov fabrics rau lub Turkish qauv nyob rau hauv lub Belarusian pawg neeg thaj av. Nyob rau hauv 1757, nyob rau hauv nws txiav txim los ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv tau nyiag coj ntos. Txawm li cas los, nws tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov sib ntaus sib tua. Tseem yuav tsum tau ib tug tswv uas paub yuav ua li cas nrog technology thiab paub Turkish kev lis kev cai. Thiab xws li yog pom. Hovhannes Madzharyants - tus tswv ntawm Istanbul, leej twg ces nyob nyob rau hauv Stanislav. Cov neeg hu ua nws Ian Madzharskim. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws no twb thawj Slutsk koj cov menyuam. Hoobkas (siv) Ameslikas nyob rau hauv Nesvizh, tab sis tom qab ntawd (nyob rau hauv 1762) nws tau tsiv mus rau Slutsk. Muaj nws ua hauj lwm rau tus so ntawm lub sij hawm. Li no, lub sib nug xov cov khoom lub npe.

Lub sab saum toj ntawm cov kev txawj

Chiv Slutsk manufactory ua hauj lwm xwb master ntawm Istanbul. Tab sis tom qab mastered rau lub technology thiab lub zos weavers thiab oriental ornaments thiab cov qauv rau cov menyuam tau hloov los ntawm lub zos motifs.

Nees nkaum tsib xyoos (txij li thaum 1781) tus neeg xauj Hoobkas yog Leon Madzharsky - tus tub ntawm tus Turkish masters, uas pib lawm nyob rau hauv Belarus. Rau lub continuation ntawm nws txiv lub lag luam, raws li zoo raws li lub siab vam meej thiab ua tau nyob rau hauv daim teb no, nws twb muab tsub lub xeev puav pheej, tau txais lub npe ntawm Chamberlain thiab Gentry title.

Tawm hauv zos weavers loj hlob los ntawm leaps thiab ciam teb. Yog li, lub siab tshaj plaws qib ntawm ntau lawm tau los ua ib tug ob-txoj kev chetyrehlitsevoy Slutsk koj cov menyuam. Xws li ib tug tshaj plaws yog heev ntau yam: nws muab tso rau hauv cov nyiaj so koobtsheej thiab mourning. Raws li Turkish kev cai, tsuas yog cov txiv neej yuav ua masters. Raws li legends, Yog hais tias ib tug poj niam txhais tes kov lub kub los yog nyiaj threads, lawv yog dimmed. Yog li ntawd, cov poj niam twb tsis tau tso cai txawm nyob ze rau qhov ntos. Yuav kom siv tus txheej txheem ntawm ntau lawm, cov txiv neej xya xyoo ntawm kev kawm. Thiab qhov no txawm lub fact tias lawv cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog cov weave. Tag nrho cov qauv thiab ornaments yees tus neeg ntxias.

xyaum nquag li

Cov siv tau ua ib qhov tseem ceeb yam khoom nyob rau hauv lub wardrobe ntawm tej self-saib nobleman. Slutskaya khoom manufactory enjoyed zoo kawg li zoo thiab tsis ntev ousted los ntawm kev ua lag luam lawv cov sab hnub tuaj rivals. lub profitability ntawm lub enterprise sim hawm caij nyoog neighboring lub teb chaws kom rov hais dua no kawm tau zoo.

Yog li ntawd, Rzeczpospolita King Stanislaw Lub yim hli ntuj Poniatowski txiav txim siab los qhib ib tug weaving zeb nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Grodno. Thiab kuv nug Radzivilov craftsmen uas yuav teem ntau lawm. Txawm li cas los, nws twb tsis kam lees. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm no, lub Hoobkas qhib nyob rau hauv Grodno. Slutsk koj cov menyuam pib ntaus qhov txhia chaw: los ntawm lub Warsaw thiab xaus nrog lub Fabkis nroog ntawm Lyon.

Mus tua cuav khoom rau Radzivilov Hoobkas pib daim ntawv lo lawv cov khoom. Yog li, txhua txoj siv twb teem Slutskj tag-daim ntawv lo uas qhia qhov chaw ntawm ntau lawm: «Kuv fecit Sluciae» los yog «Sluck». Thaum lub Belarusian pawg neeg thaj av yog ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws - "Bb nroog ntawm Slutsk".

sunset Hoobkas

Tab sis kuj rau qhov siv thiab ua Slutskaya poob rau phem lub sij hawm. Qhov thib peb seem ntawm lub tebchaws no, nyob rau hauv 1795 yog pib ntawm lub qhia peb hlis ntuj ntawm lub Fabkis txoj kev zam. Cov kab kev los ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam ruaj txo. Thaum xub thawj lawv cia li muab zais cia rau hauv thawv, thiab ces kiag li pib tso lub tsev teev ntuj thiab lub koom txoos. Ib txhia raug hlawv kom tau zoo zoo nkauj tshooj. Ib tug ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam muaj txog li ib puas grams ntawm cov nyiaj thiab kub.

1831 yog ib tug tig taw tes nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub manufactory. Tom qab lub revolt, lub Lavxias teb sab muaj cai tau kiag li txwv cov hnav costumes gentry, thiab chaw pib lub siv. Nyob rau hauv 1848, lub Hoobkas kaw nyob rau hauv Slutsk.

Kev Siv Nyiaj ib chav tsev

Belarusian historian Adas Maldis kwv yees hais tias thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej Slutskaya Hoobkas ua txog 5000 aav. Txhua yam ntawm lawv cim. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua siv poob lawm nws ua daim ntawv thov, lawv muaj tswv yim zoo muaj nqis. Thiab puas, thiab lwm lolus pib sau lawv. Piv txwv li, tus naas ej thiab kev vam meej Lavxias teb sab ua lag luam Schukin ze li ntawm ob xyoo lawm yos hav zoov rau lawv thiab yuav nyob rau hauv Vilna thiab Warsaw Antiquaries. Nws sau nws bequeathed mus rau lub xeev Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej. Thiab, raws li kws txawj, nws muaj 60 tawg tsam thiab 80 tag nrho cheeb tsam.

Muaj keeb kwm pov thawj hais tias nyob rau hauv 1939 Nesvizh Tsev fuabtais Radzivilov khaws cia siv 32, uas 16 yog Slutskaya. Tus sau twb pauv mus rau State Art Gallery ntawm lub BSSR. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub sij hawm lub German txoj hauj lwm, nws tau xwb.

Rau hnub tim, tsuas 11 nyob rau hauv aav tag nrho cov thoob lub teb chaws, uas 5 - Slutsk, thiab lwm leej lwm tus - cov ntawv luam ua txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub caij nyoog tooj ntawm cov tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Russia, teb chaws Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania thiab lwm lub teb chaws, nws yog suab tsis yooj yim sua.

Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv Slutsk

Txij li thaum 2012 nyob rau hauv Belarus sawv cev ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm tsoom fwv kev pab cuam, uas nws lub hom phiaj yog mus rau revive lub kev cai thiab kev zus tau tej cov Slutsk koj cov menyuam.

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qub manufactory nyob enclosure Rue "Slutsk koj cov menyuam". Qhov no lub tuam txhab twb tsim nyob rau hauv 1930 raws li ib tug koom tes, tseem embroiderers, weavers, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txwm trades thiab muaj cov kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj. Nyob rau hauv 2011, lub tuam txhab lom nws 75th hnub tseem ceeb. Cov khoom tseem ceeb manufactured ntawm lub Hoobkas - qhov no bedspreads, phuam da dej, napkins, me nyuam roj hmab thiab souvenirs. Txhua yam yog ua los ntawm txhais tes nyob rau tshwj xeeb Looms - "Krosno".

Txij li thaum 2012 Slutsk pib ua cov ntawv luam ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam, raws li tau zoo raws li ntau yam souvenirs nrog lawv motives (accessories rau phau ntawv, lub lag luam, xov tooj, daim duab panels, thiab hais txog. D.). Xyoo kawm lub secrets ntawm lub weavers thiab artistic nta ntawm lub masterpieces ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua tsis nyob rau hauv vain - lub tuam txhab tau recreated qhov ntev tsis nco qab lawm cim technology. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam (yees duab) - ib tug zoo meej daim ntawv ntawm ib tug keeb kwm masterpiece - tau qhia rau cov Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus. Niaj hnub no nws adorns tus Independence Palace.

Khoom "Slutsk koj cov menyuam" yog heev nrov hnub no. Ntawm no koj yuav yuav zoo nkauj tablecloths, Belarusian phuam da dej, napkins thiab tshaj. Thiab nws tsis yog cia li yam, tab sis qhov tiag tiag ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam

Lub tuam txhab ntiav ib tug tshwj xeeb tsev cia puav pheej. Muaj koj yuav saib tau rau cov ntawv luam thiab tawg tsam ntawm masterpieces, niaj hnub versions, thiab saib yuav ua li cas lawv tau.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam muaj xws li ob peb chav. Tus thawj tsam - "Khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm keeb kwm." Ntawm no koj yuav pom li cas los mus hloov cov tsos ntawm cov Slutsk koj cov menyuam ntawm txawv sij hawm, nyob rau hauv txawv haiv neeg.

Zone "Slutsk siv" boasts thawj tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo, thiab nws cov ntawv luam thiab tawg tsam. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev ntawm "Siv" yog muaj los ntawm lub xeev ntawm zus tau tej cov XVIII caug xyoo.

Hall "Palace Fragment Radzivilov" - yog recreated daim Nesvizh Tsev fuabtais ntawm lub sij hawm. Tom qab Radziwill twb cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ib qho ntawm cov richest, feem ntau influential, thiab cov Polish-Lithuanian noble yug. Lawv tsev fuabtais yog luxuriously txhais, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog paintings los ntawm naas ej ntxias, thiab them nrog Persian khaub hlab. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub noble lag nyob rau hauv lub "neeg lub Zone" koj muaj peev xwm kuj pom li cas yog lub neej zoo tib yam tib neeg.

Cov tsev khaws puav pheej yog ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab, tsim los ntawm tus German ruaj Mageba, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov reconstruction ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam. Nws yog tshuaj los ntawm ob computers, muaj ib tug 6 shuttles thiab 1,200 threads. Analogues ntawm no tshuab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj.

qhov teeb meem nqi

Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv lub cim cov khoom recreated Slutsk koj cov menyuam. Yuav ua li cas npaum li cas yog xws masterpieces? Raws li ib tug ua artist factories, cov ntawv luam ntawm Slutsk koj cov menyuam yuav raug nqi cov neeg muas zaub ntawm 10 thiab 50 lab rubles. Nws yog los ntawm 1000 mus 5000 US dollars.

Tsis pheej yig, thiaj li mus hais lus. Qhov twg li no tus nqi? Txawm niaj hnub no, uas niaj hnub siv tshuab, nws yog ib tug loj txoj hauj lwm. Cov creation ntawm ib tsam yuav siv sij hawm txog 60 teev! Cov txheej txheem siv heev nyias threads ntawm txhob lo lo ntxhuav, muaj kub thiab nyiaj. Thiab yog hais tias koj ua kom cov kev ceev ntawm ntau lawm, lawv yuav tawg. Qhov kawg tus nqi yog li, nyob ntawm seb qhov ntev ntawm txoj siv tawv, raws li zoo raws li tus nqi ntawm cov zoo zoo nkauj tshooj siv rau nws tailoring.