Social keeb kwm ntawm tus txiv neej thiab qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv pab pawg kev loj hlob

Ntuj thiab kev cai tib neeg hav zoov yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw xwb nyob rau hauv cov kev sib raug system. Cov yav tas yog ib qho kev txiav txim tag nrho, nrog rau cov neeg thiab tej pawg tibneeg uas ua ke sib txawv sib txuas thiab kev sib raug zoo. Teej tug mus rau xws li ib tug pab pawg neeg nws yog feeb to taub raws li ib tug kev sib raug zoo keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug neeg yog nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev sib raug zoo, khoom, kev nom kev tswv thiab sab ntsuj plig tej yam kev mob ntawm nws lub neej, tus tsim thiab kev ua si, uas yog feem ntau hu ua lub social ib puag ncig.

Cov kev sib raug zoo system nws muaj nws tus kheej tej kev cai nyob rau hauv uas nws ua hauj lwm thiab tsim. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov kev cai lij choj nyob rau hauv lub sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg. Buber npaj siab mus hu nws tus sis ntawm "Kuv-koj", Maks Veber ntseeg hais tias nws ua tag nrho cov kev sib raug zoo, Pitirim Sorokin thiab Yudzhin Habermas deduced los ntawm nws cov kev tshawb xav ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Dzhon Zeb xav hais tias kev sib raug zoo tom qab kuj plays ib tug luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no sis, vim hais tias, raws li ib tug txoj cai, peb yuav tsum nrog cov kev ua thiab passions ntawm cov neeg teej tug mus rau txawv kev kawm ntawv.

Hais txog txoj kev system interconnected los ntawm ib tug network ntawm kom thiab ruaj khov bonds ntawm cov qauv hu ua haiv neeg. Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam - qhov no faib ntawm zog, thiab kev sib raug zoo hauv paus pib ntawm cov neeg teej tug mus rau txawv pab pawg thiab chav kawm ntawv, thiab sib ntaus sib tua rau lawv tus kheej nyiam. Tus kheej kev pab pawg - ib tug kuj ruaj khov zej lub zos ntawm cov neeg uas muaj ntau txaus siab, dee, qhov tseem ceeb, thiab kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm thiab txoj kev ua nyob rau hauv ib yam keeb kwm theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov haiv neeg. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ancient Is Nrias teb, xws pawg twb varna. Caste zej zog, raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo xws li cov division, tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug qauv rau Plato, uas praised nws nyob rau hauv nws dialogues "Cov Kev Cai" thiab "Nyob rau hauv lub xeev."

Lub philosophy ntawm lub xeev, uas thawj tsis nyuaj kom meej meej tseg kev pab pawg, muaj chaw mus rau Thomas Hobbes. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm "Leviathan", nws hais tias cov haiv neeg yog muaj li ntawm ib tug tej yam muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm cov neeg, koom los ntawm ntau nyiam los yog ua lag ua luam. Nws faib kom thiab unordered pab pawg neeg, raws li tau zoo raws li lub koom haum nrog ib tug private los yog nom tswv.

Cov poj Fabkis txoj kiv puag ncig thiab nws cov ntaug yuam philosophers mus rau rethink lub luag hauj lwm ntawm xws pawg los yog cov chav kawm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm txheej txheem. Feem ntau ntawm cov lus Askiv historians - contemporaries ntawm cov txheej xwm - xam tau tias yog lub kiv puag ncig conspiracies thiab coups, cuam tshuam tus li qub kawg ntawm cov txheej xwm. Hegel cia qhuas lub kiv puag ncig, hais tias nws tawm tsis muaj vaj tse thiab paub daws teeb ib tug neeg thiab pab tsim civil zej zog.

Qhov no universal cim ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm, embodied nyob rau hauv cov pawg ntawm lub xeev, cov neeg thiab tej lus qhuab qhia li ntxim European historians thiab philosophers ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua, lawv tag nrho cov pib kom poob kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv tus neeg cov txheej xwm. National ntsuj plig, cov chav kawm ntawv nriaj, lub teb chaws los yog kev sib raug zoo keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg thiab impulses ntawm loj pej xeem kev sib raug zoo ua ke tau ua lub ntsiab ntsiab lus ntawm kev philosophical sib cav tswv yim. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob yog cov nqe lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi kev txiav txim seb lub teej tug mus rau social pab pawg. Yog hais tias lus Askiv economists xav txog tej nyiaj txiag thiab kev nom kev tswv txheej xwm, Marx - tej khoom vaj tse kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov txhais tau tias ntawm ntau lawm, Gumplowicz - lom thiab haiv neeg, Cooley - tsev neeg thiab xeem, thiab hais txog.

Cov niaj hnub qauv ntawm kev philosophy kuj muaj xws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev pab pawg thiab chav kawm ntawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv kev txhais. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog lub hom phiaj ntawm "nruab nrab" thiab "tshiab nruab nrab hauv chav kawm ntawv" (kroner, Aaron, Myers), thiab "kev stratification" (Sorokin). Cov yav tas txoj kev tshawb xav tias cov yam ntxwv thiab kev ntawm stratification ntawm cov haiv neeg mus rau hauv pab pawg, xws li kev ua hauj lwm, khwv tau nyiaj, kev kawm ntawv, psychology, kev ntseeg thiab thiaj li nyob.

Txawm li cas los, striations muaj ntau volatile dua pa pab pawg thiab chav kawm vim hais tias lawv xav tias ntsug thiab kab rov tav kev muaj raws li ntawm cov pab pawg thiab nyob rau hauv lawv. Maks Veber nrhiav tau xws tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm tsim strata li kev nplua nuj thiab stereotypes uas tsim raws li ib tug kev cai coj thiab zoo li, raws li zoo raws li cov xwm txheej, piv txwv tias yog tej yam kev cwj pwm.