Thoracic khoov pob. Scoliosis ntawm cov nqaj qaum - kev kho mob. thoracic khoov pob ntawm cov nqaj qaum - Cov tsos mob

Scoliosis yog hu ua ib tug deformation ntawm cov nqaj qaum, nyob qhov twg nws muaj ib sab curvature thiab simultaneous kev sib hloov ntawm lub vertebral lub cev. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, tus kab mob no thiaj paub tias yog nyob rau hauv thaum yau. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam yog qhov khoov pob yuav vam meej. Pathological kev hloov li ua ntau pronounced.

Heev feem ntau, tus kab mob no yog tsis meej pem nrog ua txhaum ntawm hwj tau lub cev, thaum muaj curvature ntawm cov nqaj qaum, vertebral lub cev tab sis nws tsis hloov lawv txoj hauj lwm. Yuav kom muab tso no mob, xws ua txhaum cai yog yuav tsum tau.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias yog qhov khoov pob muaj peev xwm tsim lub tsev me nyuam-thoracic txha nqaj qaum, raws li zoo raws li lub curvature ntawm lub hauv siab, loin thiab lub pob tw.

etiology

Nyob rau hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob no tseem tsis paub hais tias, yog li tham txog idiopathic khoov pob. Yog hais tias koj qhia kom meej rau etiological yam uas ua rau congenital curvature tej zaum yuav hais cov nram qab no:

• fusion ntawm lub pob txha caj qaum;

• fusion ntawm tav (tus tsim thoracic khoov pob);

• muaj cov tsis paub qab hau pob txha caj qaum, txawv txav loj hlob ntawm lawv dab thiab tus tes (xws pathological kev hloov ua rau lub fact tias cov nqaj qaum kev asymmetrically).

Ua thiab hom mas yuav kis tau yog qhov khoov pob

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev los ntawm sab nraum, tsim curvature ntawm cov nqaj qaum, uas yog paub hais tias tom qab yug tus me nyuam.

Koj muaj peev xwm xaiv lub nram qab no ntawm congenital khoov pob:

1. Neurogenic - tshwm sim thaum txhab ntawm poob siab system. Tsim post-polio degenerative txha caj qaum raug mob, cerebral palsy los yog myopathy. Cov kab mob no ua rau tuag tes tuag taw ntawm lub cev muaj zog qab haus huv. Qhov no ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm rau cov nqaij ntshiv uas txhawb kom lub cev txoj hauj lwm.

2. rachitic - cai nrog ib tug tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm vitamin D, yus muaj los ntawm hypotension, nqaij, pob txha deformity, txha.

3. zoo li qub - kev cob cog rua rau hauv av deformation thaum lub plab mog yog muab tso rau hauv lub tsis ncaj ncees lawm qhov chaw, uas ua rau yus deformation ntawm cov nqaj qaum.

4. idiopathic - feem ntau yog kuaj nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam tom qab 10 xyoo.

thoracic khoov pob: heev

Lub cev nqaj qaum muaj physiological khoov rau ob sab, ua rau nws tsa tsab ntawv S. Thaum khoov pob curvature ntawm cov nqaj qaum muaj ntau thiab tsawg. Qhov ntau dua qhov offset kaum sab xis ntawm lub ntsiab axis, qhov ntau nyuaj no pathology yuav tsum tau ho.

Nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob thiaj paub hais tias mog khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic nqaj qaum. Nyob rau lub kaum sab xis ntawm curvature yog cais xws heev:

• khaub-ncaws nyias - curving lub nce mus txog tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 10 °;

• qhov nruab nrab heev - daim duab yog 10-25 °;

• hnyav - curvature yuav mus txog 50 °;

• hnyav heev - yus sawv deformation thiab curvature lub uas tshaj 50 °.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, tsuas yog ib curvature ntawm cov nqaj qaum yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub sab, tab sis tom qab tsim thiab lwm qhov uas yog ib ncig qab thawj, tab sis qhia nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab. sab laug mog thoracic khoov pob twb tsis muaj siv txawv (qhov txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub scoliotic arc kev taw qhia).

Txoj kev ua ntawm lub tsev me nyuam-thoracic tus txha nqaj curvature

Qhov no yog hu ua qhov khoov pob thoracic. Qhov no daim ntawv ntawm cov kab mob no yog yus muaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias cov thawj zaug curvature ntawm lub arc yog ib tug luv luv thiab ntxhab, thiab cov theem nrab yog heev ntiav thiab ntev.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias ib tug khoov pob yog tsis tshua muaj, tab sis muaj ib tug yam ntxwv soj ntsuam daim duab, uas yog txuam nrog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub pathological txheej txheem, tsis tsuas ncauj tsev menyuam pob txha caj qaum, tab sis lub ntsej muag pob txha.

Nyob rau kev xeem, tus kws kho mob tej zaum yuav pom ib tug ntse torticollis, asymmetrical qhov muag tso kawm los yog slanting qhov ntswg localization. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb nrhiav deformation ntawm lub lub hauv siab thiab lub xub pwg girdles. tus neeg mob caj dab zoo zog, lub ntug ntawm nws trapezius nqaij sharply ua, nws yog ib qhov nyuaj yuav tsum tau kho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub tom qab pib ntawm txoj kev kho.

Rau hauv loj heev hauv siab deformity thiab thoracic pob txha caj qaum kom thoracic khoov pob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias qhov no pathology los ntawm lub sij hawm thaum qhov xaus ntawm lub nqaj qaum tsim (los ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 20-21 xyoo). Txwv tsis pub, cov kev kho mob tej zaum yuav tsis cia siab.

Clinic thoracic yog qhov khoov pob

Tus kab mob muaj peev xwm yuav ntes tau los ntawm kev luj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tau los ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg mob. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj qhov khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic txha nqaj qaum, koj yuav visually pom ib tug nkhaus kab nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov nqaj qaum, asymmetrical kev tso kawm ntawm lub xub pwg nyom, tsa cov hniav thiab protruding plab mog vim tsis yog hwj tau lub cev.

Dhau li nrig txog kev pom cov tsos mob, thoracic khoov pob yog yus muaj los ntawm tej yam kev tsis txaus siab nyob rau ib feem ntawm tus neeg mob. Feem ntau, cov neeg uas muaj xws li ib tug curvature ntawm cov nqaj qaum nquam paj nquam nruas hauv siab tsis xis nyob thiab kev mob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub xub pwg tuaj, uas yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau tus cuam tshuam ntawm lub paj dab. Rau hauv loj heev cov neeg mob cai malfunction ntawm lub pa system, lub plawv.

Nrog ntxiv kev vam meej, thiab sab laug mog thiab txoj cai-tog yog qhov khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic nqaj qaum ua rau anatomical txawv txav nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm tsis tsuas yog lub hauv siab tab sis kuj lub plab mog, nrog pathological kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub digestive system.

diagnostics

thoracic yog qhov khoov pob, cov tsos mob uas tej zaum yuav ua tau mob hais tseg, yuav tsum tau kev kho mob, vim hais tias kev kho mob ntawm xws ua txhaum nyob rau ib feem ntawm lub cev pob txha yog zoo tshaj nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov kev kho mob ntawm kev kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm tus kab mob nqa tawm X-ray nyob rau hauv ob qhov yuav tsis tau tsuas yog paub meej tias muaj cov khoov pob, tab sis kuj yuav txiav txim seb lub feem ntau tsim nyog kho mob txoj kev. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias curvature ntawm cov nqaj qaum yuav tshwm sim concomitant loj cov kab mob. Kev muab faib rau lub cev qhov ceeb thawj rau qhov khoov pob ua rau tus kab hloov nyob rau hauv lub pob txha caj qaum ntawm cov nqaj qaum dorsopathies raws li osteochondrosis thiab intervertebral hernia.

Kev tshawb nrhiav yog qhov khoov pob tau nrog cov liab qab qhov muag. Thaum xyuas los ntawm ntau qhov siab hnov lub xub pwg nyom thiab ib tug nkhaus kab ntawm cov pob txha caj qaum, uas yuav txawm ntau pronounced yog hais tias tus neeg mob leans rau pem hauv ntej.

Yog hais tias koj xav, nws zoo li yog qhov khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic txha nqaj qaum, ib tug yees duab ntawm no pathology yog hais hauv qab no.

yog qhov khoov pob kho mob

Therapy kawm tau zoo nyob rau raws sij hawm kuaj mob. Yuav ua li cas sai sai qhia no pathology, qhov ntau yuav tau coj zoo thiaj tau.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias txhua txhua tus neeg mob yog muaj ib tug neeg txoj kev npaj kho kev pab. Rau ntawm no theem ntawm tus kab mob thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account peculiarities ntawm nws cov hoob kawm. Feem ntau, thaum mob yog qhov khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic txha nqaj qaum, kev kho mob yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv peb theem:

• Direct feem nyob rau vertebral kem, uas nrhiav tau ib tug sab curvature;

• cov txheej txheem rau cov kev kho ntawm qhov khoov pob;

• phiaj qhov tseeb txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov nqaj qaum tau tom qab txoj kev kho.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias feem ntau nyuaj yog qhov kawg theem. Cov neeg mob tsis them txaus mloog mus rau nws, ces tus yog qhov khoov pob tsim dua. Uas yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua raws li nrog tag nrho cov uas yuav tsum tau ntawm ib tug kws kho mob, tsim rau cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm lub rov qab thiab siv kho ntawm hwj tau lub cev. Therapy yuav tsum tau kev thiab muaj xws li conservative kev kho mob, thiab yog hais tias tsim nyog - phais.

physiotherapy

Ib tug ntawm cov yooj yim hom kev kawm yog conservative kho ib ce muaj zog txoj kev kho. yog tshwj xeeb yog zoo qhia tshwj xeeb uas tsim los set ntawm ce uas thaum yau tsis yog tsuas yog kev ncaj ncees tab sis kuj lam nyhuv. Nws lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj - kom txhob muaj cov load rau cov nqaj qaum, xa nqaij imbalances, ntxiv dag zog rau ligament apparatus thiab tsim los ntawm muaj tseeb hwj tau lub cev.

Feem ntau, nws yog pom zoo kom ua ce uas ntxiv dag zog rau cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov leeg uas txhawb cov nqaj qaum, thiab tseem muaj ib tug kho cawv rau nws qhov nkhaus, los txhim kho lub ua pa muaj nuj nqi thiab pheev ib tug bracing ntxim rau lub cev.

Feem ntau cov feem ntau pom zoo kom ua li nram qab no hom ntawm ce:

• dag rau koj rov qab, lub hauv caug lawm, nqa lub plab mog, caving nyob rau hauv lub thoracic cheeb tsam;

• Zoo nyhuv yog hovering rau lub bar uas maj mam tig lub npog tas ib ce mus rau sab;

• dag rau koj lub plab thiab nqa lub cev thiaj li hais tias caved nyob rau hauv lub thoracic nqaj qaum;

• tsis loj rau lub curvature, nws yog tsim nyog nyob rau lub xub pwg nyom ua kom stick, rau clasp nws ob txhais tes thiab taug kev nrog nws li ntawd txhua txhua hnub rau 2 teev;

• ib ce muaj zog yog ib tug "tsheb kauj vab" kuj muaj ib tug zoo zoo nyob rau hauv cov leeg nrob curvature.

Thaum muaj ib tug khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic txha nqaj qaum, tus qoj ib ce yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm ib tug qeeb pace. Tom qab cov chav kawm ntawv yog ib pab tau mus so rau 20 feeb, dag rau hauv nws cov sab.

Mob tab sis ce kho, kuj pom zoo kom coj ib tug tshwj xeeb corset, ua luam dej.

massage

Tam sim ntawd kuv yuav tsum hais tias nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob qhov twg tus neeg mob suffers los ntawm qhov khoov pob rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, thiab nyob rau hauv cov leeg nrob kem yog qhia pathological kev hloov, massage yuav tsis muab ib tug zoo tshwm sim. Feem ntau, nws yog xeem nyob rau 1 los yog 2 degrees ntawm curvature. Massage yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug lub tsev kho mob los yog tsev kho mob. Ib co ntawm ce yog xaiv ib lub zuj zus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thiab qhov ntawm tus kab mob, muab nws txhua txhua 6 lub hlis.

Thaum ntes khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic txha nqaj qaum, zaws yog nqa tawm nrog lub obligatory account ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm deformation. Vim hais tias nyob rau ib sab ntawm lub scoliotic koov nqaij yog nyob rau hauv ib qhov laus, cov kws kho mob siv cov tswv yim uas pab txhawb so. Nyob rau sab tod los ntawm cov nqaij fibers yog ncav us txog thiab tsis muaj zog txaus, thiaj li xav tau ib tug zaws cov txheej txheem uas yuav coj lawv mus rau tone thiab ntxiv dag zog.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias nws tus kheej-zaws rau qhov khoov pob yog txhob vim hais tias ntawm nws cov lus tactics yuav ntxias ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv lim thiab tsis tau tus neeg mob tus mob.

Phais kho mob ntawm qhov khoov pob

Dua li ntawm qhov theem siab ntawm niaj hnub tshuaj, mob qhov khoov pob tsis yooj yim rau kho. Qhov zoo tshaj kev kho mob yog siv los ntawm cov hlau cog hniav.

Phais pab yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev:

1. Pem hauv ntej txha nqaj mobilization (los yog multi-level discectomy nrog simultaneous deformation kho). Tej phais ua nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj loog. Qhov tseem pom tau tom qab phais - ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub kaum sab xis ntawm scoliotic arc ntawm 30 mus rau 54 °.

2. Galpelviktraktsiya nyob rau hauv nrog tus kho lus ntawm deformities. Qhov no phais yog txawm ntau npaum thiab yuav pab txo caj qaum dabtsi yog khoov kaum sab xis ntawm 22 °.

Thaum mob yog qhov khoov pob ntawm lub thoracic txha nqaj qaum, cov kev kho mob ntawm surgically yeej ib txwm thiaj li tus tav hump. Yog vim li cas yog hais tias tom qab ncua lag luam intercostal qhov chaw, thiab lim tsawg.

Cov feem ntau nyuaj yog suav hais tias yog kev phais kho mob ntawm qhov khoov pob nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, vim hais tias lawv tus txha nqaj yog tas li loj hlob, thiab kev siv ntawm cov hlau lug yuav ua tau kom ib tug syndrome ntawm "crankshaft". Uas yog vim li cas cov kev kho mob ntawm qhov khoov pob nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam kawm tshwj xeeb dynamic qauv, uas yuav muab tau ntau zog raws li tus neeg mob txoj kev loj hlob.