Uas hlob zoo nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov thiab cov uas nyob? Hauj lwm ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg hav zoov

Peb puas paub yog dab tsi yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov? Nws yuav zoo li ib tug heev yooj yim lo lus nug, tiam sis muaj ntau yog ua poob lawm nws lub rooj sib. Thiab yog hais tias rau cov nyom? Piv txwv li, hais dab tsi yog qhov tom hav zoov, thiab cov tsiaj thiab cov noog nyob rau hauv txhua yam ntawm nws hom?

Tom qab nyeem ntawv hauv tsab xov xwm, koj yuav paub cov lus teb rau cov lus nug ntau txog cov kev hav zoov thiab nws cov inhabitants, raws li zoo raws li lub nroj tsuag thiab tej ntoo. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xeem seem, peb mam li tham txog lub txaus ntshai inhabitants ntawm lub hav zoov.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib lub hav zoov?

Ua ntej koj yuav paub hais tias cov hav zoov yog loj hlob, tsis raug mob los txhais tau li cas yog ib lub hav zoov nyob rau tag nrho.

Thaum raug xa mus rau raws li lub hav zoov los yog ib tug ntau yam ntawm scientific qhov chaw. Thiab ecosystems, thiab cov "qhov chaw nyob qhov twg ntoo loj hlob", thiab ib tug complex ua ke ntawm txawv cov nroj tsuag, thiab tus "ntsws ntawm cov ntiaj chaw". Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe ntawm cov feem ntau muaj tseeb? Tag nrho cov kev xaiv nyob rau hauv lub sau ua ib pawg muab qhov feem ntau cov lus teb. Wb sim formulate ib tug txhais ntawm forests. Hav zoov - ib qho chaw qhov twg muaj ntoo thiab nyom, nyob noog thiab cov tsiaj, kab thiab microorganisms. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv ua ke roos ib tug complex ecological system, nrog chains ntawm cov zaub mov thiab cohabitation nyob rau hauv tib cheeb tsam. Zoo, qhov no tag nrho ecosystem yog nyob rau hauv muaj ntau yam ntawm tib yam yog tiag tiag yooj yim rau peb ntiaj chaw. Dab tsi yog qhov muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub ntsws? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim - ua pa, cov pa-enriched tib neeg los yog tsiaj lub cev. Yog koom nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov, lawv purify tej fuab cua, tso pa, uas yog heev tseem ceeb thiab pab tau rau peb. Koj puas tau pom yuav ua li cas huv si thiab cua nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov? Raws li zoo thiab yooj yim rau kev ua pa muaj? Yog li ntawd, taug kev nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov ces yuav pab tau nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm uas muaj txoj kev loj hlob thiab tshuaj industries.

Yuav ua li cas yog forests?

Yog dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov yog loj hlob, tseem nws nyob ntawm lub hom tom hav zoov. Xaiv ib tug kos npe rau cov kev faib tsis yog ib qho yooj yim, vim hais tias cov xwm hlub muaj ntau haiv neeg. Koj muaj peev xwm faib lub cav ntoo rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lawv cov "vaj tse" nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj, yav qab teb los yog equatorial, thiab nws yog ua tau raws li lawv cov caij nyoog "tus cwj pwm", xws li:

• Evergreen (forests, cov ntoo uas yog hloov lawv nplooj zoo li ib tug tib neeg plaub hau - tsis muaj zog lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab sawv daws yuav tshiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw).
• Deciduous (cov neeg uas nws nplooj poob tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, thiab sawv daws yuav tshiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav).
• Conifers (cov neeg uas loj hlob conifers - spruce thiab tej ntoo ntshaub coj, pines thiab cypresses).
• Mixed los yog polulistopadnye.

Peb yuav tham txog lub deciduous thiab coniferous hav zoov, raws li zoo raws li qhia rau koj txog cov ntoo thuv hav zoov thiab nws cov inhabitants. Nyob rau hauv txhua lub hav zoov, nws cov nroj tsuag thiab, raws li, lub inhabitants. Muaj (ie, muaj) yog tseem cim rau txhua hom.

Inhabitants thiab cov nroj tsuag coniferous hav zoov

Coniferous hav zoov yog feem ntau hu ua taiga. Nws yog nyuaj evergreen taiga tsev mus rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj. Tsiaj txhu nyob ntawm no nrog luxurious plaub. Txwv tsis pub, lawv yuav cia li froze, raws li lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov yog ntev heev, los daus thiab hnyav thiab summers, tab sis yog sov, tab sis luv luv txaus.

Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv snow-them ceg ntawm firs thiab tej ntoo ntshaub coj yuav pom Shishkarev (uas tau txais nws lub npe vim hais tias nws pub tau mov rau rau ntoo thuv cones, splitting lawv txawv txawv kaus ncauj naperekrest) thiab loj nrog lossis loj ntoo grouse plaub. Los ntawm me me me ntsis tsiaj nyob ntawm no ntxuav chipmunks thiab stoats, insanely zoo nkauj sable, uas nws plaub yog yeej ib txwm heev menyuam. Nws nyob rau hauv boreal forests, zoo nkauj lynx, xim av dais thiab ib tug lossis loj loj moose, raws li zoo raws li ib tug tsawg wolverine.

Cov muaj ntawm taiga forests nplua nuj. Lub sab sauv theem muaj coniferous ntoo - lub majestic ntoo ntshaub coj thiab cypress, Juniper, larch thiab ntoo thuv. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, noj mov. Herringbone nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov, los ntawm lub zoo-paub song, feem ntau yuav, tau yug los precisely nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug taiga.

Tshuaj ntsuab hlob no tsis yog ib tug ntau ntawm cov hom, thiab, feem ntau, nyob rau hauv lwm yam forests yuav tsum tau pom. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov sab sauv theem ntawm cov hav zoov yog heev thiab tso cai rau me ntsis tshav ntuj, yog li ciaj sia nyob rau hauv cov tej yam kev mob tshwj tsis yog tias undemanding Lichen ntxhuab li ntau hom. Tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them rau mosses, muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv, lawv yog luxurious thiab varied thiab pub lawv succulent stems ntawm ntau yam tsiaj, txawm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, zoo siab, txawm nyob rau hauv lub hws khov daus.

Leej twg nyob rau hauv ib tug ntoo thuv hav zoov?

Ntoo thuv hav zoov - ib lub hav zoov? Yes, nws yog ib lub hav zoov, uas yog yeej los ntawm ntoo thuv. Nyob rau filling ntawm cov pem hav zoov zoo li lub taiga. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj loj hlob pines qus cov qij thiab cov lws suav, Aspen thiab blueberries, uas yog hu ua dub pos. Coniferous-deciduous hav zoov - lub thib ob lub npe ntawm tus mixed ntoo thuv hav zoov.

Ntoo thuv ntoo nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov loj hlob heev siab thiab slim. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lawv, zoo li tej tsob ntoo, xav ua kom tshav ntuj, thiab kos mus txog rau ua txoj kev mus rau lub sov rays ntawm yav dhau los crowns ntawm lawv Fellows.

Pinery nplua nuj fungi uas ciaj nyob rau hauv cov av, generously flavored nrog poob koob. Nyob rau hauv high ntoo nyob rau hauv ib tug maj mam travushke nkaum nceb thiab nceb, thiab birch nceb luteus.

Tu siab, huv si ntoo thuv hav zoov tsis nplua nuj heev inhabitants, vim hais tias lawv muaj me ntsis pub. Tab sis nyob rau hauv mixed forests lub tsev mus rau ntau cov noog, cov tsiaj qus boars thiab hma. Mos lwj thiab elk, dhau lawm, pom koj tus kheej ib tug zoo lub tsev no. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, peb yuav pom tau ntawm lub pines loj urchins thiab ceev raws li ib tug xob martens.

Leej twg yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub deciduous hav zoov?

Deciduous hav zoov - yog ib tug uas yog yeej los ntawm cov ntoo thiab lov tas vau yog deciduous. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no tom hav zoov yuav tsum tau hu ua deciduous vim hais tias lub caij ntuj no yoojyim nws lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav tshiab.

Nroj tsuag loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov (nyom, paj, berries), roos ib tug tsawg dua theem. Qhov nruab nrab tier - nws yog lub bushes thiab siab - ntoo. Qhov no yog tsuas tshauv thiab elms, Oaks thiab linden, birch thiab Alder.

Nyob rau hauv lub nyom (sab theem) thiab av yog lub tsev mus rau ntau me me kab thiab lawv cov kab, raws li zoo raws li lub ubiquitous nas.

Lub fauna ntawm lub deciduous forests yog tsis heev ntau haiv neeg, tab sis interesting. Roos ib tug pos hedgehog, ceev squirrels, hma liab thiab cov hma, cov tsiaj qus npua teb thiab elk, marten thiab chipmunks, badgers thiab ferrets. Nyob rau hauv lub siab treetops fiab lawv zes woodpeckers thiab goldfinches, nightingales thiab Siskin.

Loj hlob no berries, cov npe thiab cov hauj lwm uas yog muaj nqis rau peb paub tias koj tsis ntawd cuam tshuam inedible txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tsis poisoned. Yam khoom noj tau no cranberries thiab txiv pos nphuab, blueberries kuj yuav pom thiab yog tsis muaj lawm nyob rau hauv cov nyom, thiab stunted fab blackberry thiab Rowan.

Deciduous forests ua txog 25% ntawm tag nrho cov hav zoov nyob teb chaws Europe uas yog tsis txaus.

Caij nplooj zeeg lub hav zoov thiab lub caij ntuj no tom hav zoov

Caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj - ib tug me ntsis ntawm ib tug tu siab lub sij hawm rau hauv lub hav zoov thiab nws cov inhabitants. Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm thrifty tsiaj tua stocks, uas yuav pab tau lawv kom ciaj sia lub caij ntuj no. Piv txwv li, squirrels hoard ceev, nas raze rau hauv av grain, tsiaj txhu, uas yuav mus rau hauv hibernation, fatten lub roj uas yog ib qho nyuaj rau noj - nrog ib tug paj tau paj. Qhov no yuav pab kom lawv txhob tau emaciated ntev peb lub hlis, thaum lawv pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv lawv cov "tsev".

Caij nplooj zeeg - lub sij hawm mus sau. Nceb thiab cov hauv paus hniav, cov nroj tsuag rau lub herbarium thiab yuav pab tau, tshuaj ntsuab thiab nplooj, ceev, acorns thiab cones - tag nrho cov no "wealth" ripens nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no yog hnyav thiab taciturn. Kuv tsis tau hnov songbirds, lawv ya mus rau sab qab teb, thiab xa rov qab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Tsis nrov nplooj, tsuas yog underfoot rustle ntawm nplooj poob. birdsong tsis hnov feem ntau ntawm lawv ua ntej lub txias ya mus rhaub climes.

Nceb, berries thiab lwm yam tom hav zoov zoo nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis txhob nrhiav, tab sis ib tug ua tsis taus pa ntawm frosty huab cua, txaus siab rau ib tug lub caij ntuj no taug kev ua si, qhuas tus ntoo nyob rau hauv ib tug silver te yog zoo nkauj heev, thiab yuav pab tau.

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov - qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau hauv lub hav zoov.

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov - ib lub sij hawm ntawm awakening ntawm nws lub caij ntuj no pw tsaug zog thiab restoration ntawm qhov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum tseem tsis tau tag nrho blossomed nplooj yuav ua tau zoo yuav tau xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab lov tas vau. Cov xim ntawm cov neeg uas txaus siab nyob rau hauv cov xwm, tej zaum yuav koom nrog rau ob lub raum. Nyob rau txawv ntoo, lawv yuav ua tau ntawm cov zaubmov ntawm kom loj hlob. Hais tias yog, tus ua ntej lawm cov ntoo peb yuav pom tau me nplooj nyob rau hauv lub paj, thiab txawm "tsaug zog" - ceev tsaus buds. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thaum cov ceg kiag li liab qab, feem ntau yuav pom interesting, tab sis ceev faj heev hav zoov dwellers.

Sau nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav zoov tsis tau, ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj dab tsi. Tab sis qhov no yog ib yam uas berries thiab nceb. Tab sis pab tau cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov nroj tsuag rau hloov mus khawb heev sai tau.

Tsiaj txhu, dhau lawm, yog thaum pib los mus dhia ib tug tshiab kev voj voog ntawm lub neej. Ib txhia tuaj tawm ntawm hibernation (bears, hedgehogs), lwm leej lwm tus tab tom nrhiav rau ib khub niam txiv rau procreation. Rov qab los ntawm rhaub climates, noog, thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav hluas tom hav zoov yog maj mam sau nrog birdsong.

Lub caij ntuj sov hav zoov sawv ua ntej peb nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov kev zoo nkauj thiab richness ntawm kho kom zoo nkauj. Rustle nyob rau hauv cov nyom vole-nas rau cov ntsug tus kav industrious ntsaum nkag thiab ya hla lub taub hau ntawm npau taws thiab preoccupied nrog lawv tus kheej tej xwm txheej beetles thiab bumblebees. Twb mus siav nyob rau hauv cov nyom, blushing zoo li ib tug zoo zoo nkauj tshooj ruby, berries txiv pos nphuab. Lub caij ntuj sov hav zoov zoo nkauj.

Yuav ua li cas muab peb pem hav zoov?

Lub fact tias cov hav zoov loj hlob, yuav ua tau heev pab tau thiab cua.

Peb qhia rau koj txog cov kev kho mob ntawm txhua tus ntawm cov txiaj ntsim uas peb tau sib tham txog cov hom ntawm cov hav zoov.

Deciduous hav zoov muaj ntau yam hom siav nceb. Muaj nyob rau hauv nws thiab inedible, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj tsis txhob mus de nceb, Yog hais tias koj tsis paub txog lawv.

Berries nyob rau hauv lub deciduous hav zoov heev. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov yog pos nphuab, lub caij nplooj zeeg hav zoov, khoom siav blackberries thiab rosehips yog heev pab tau. Los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg yuav hu nkauj thiab tsob ntoo ceev - qab thiab, hmoov tsis, tsis tshua muaj kho.

Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lam nroj tsuag, xws li yarrow, Motherwort.

Tayozhny ntoo (los yog coniferous) nplua nuj ntoo thuv ceev. Lawv yog cov qab, zom tau yooj yim thiab nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov as-ham.

Ntoo thuv hav zoov muab peb tej cov tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb nroj tsuag, xws li thyme (precisely vim hais tias nws yuav ua rau ib tug six thiab zoo hnoos kua syrup) cladonia, uas tseem hu ua reindeer Lichen.

Nyaum inhabitants ntawm lub hav zoov

Txawm tias kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub hav zoov, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias muaj tej zaum yuav txaus ntshai. Ua ntej koj yuav mus rau hauv lub hav zoov, nws yog tsim nyog paub txog qhov tau kev piam sij.

• Nab. Cov txaus ntshai cov tsiaj reptiles ua rau ib tug loj kev hem thawj rau lub noj qab haus huv ntawm careless qhua. Muaj lawv yog nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua hom ntoo. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias koj mus rau hauv lub hav zoov, nco ntsoov saib xyuas ntawm kaw khau ntawm tuab cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yuav tiv thaiv koj ob txhais taw, tsis tsuas yog los ntawm ib tug ua tau nab tom, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv punctures thiab khawb ntse ceg.
• Kab laug sab. Lawv, xws li tus nab, dhau lawm, nyob luag nyob qhov twg. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv tawm tsam lawv - koj ceev faj. Sidestep loj lace los ntawm lub web.
• Zuam. Lawv yuav ua tau heev txaus ntshai tsis tsuas coj tsis xis nyob, tab sis kuj ua rau loj puas tsuaj rau koj noj qab haus huv. Qhov no yog vim hais tias ib co ntawm lawv tej zaum yuav muaj ntawm yus tus kab mob - encephalitis. Yog li ntawd nws yog zoo dua thaum yuav mus nyob rau ib lub hav zoov mus taug kev, muab tso rau hauv ib lub kaw tej yam ntuj tso cov khaub ncaws, thiab ua tib zoo tshawb xyuas lub tsev koj tus kheej thiab koj tsev neeg rau zuam. Yog hais tias tus kab no yog kuaj, nws yog tsim nyog los saib ib tug kws kho mob. Nws yuav tshem tawm cov zuam, thiab nws lub cev xa mus rau kev soj ntsuam kom paub tseeb seb nws yog encephalitic.
• Yoov tshaj cum. Nws hloov tawm lub yoov tshaj cum, dhau lawm, yuav ua tau teeb meem rau kev noj qab nyob. Txawm yog tias koj tsis haum rau lawv cov tom, nws yog zoo dua los kho raug qhov chaw (lub ntsej muag, ob txhais tes) nrog tshwj xeeb tshuaj txau los yog cream.
• Tsiaj qus bees thiab nkawj yog txaus ntshai thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm swarms los yog yuam kev los yog txhob txwm puas tsuaj rau lawv zes. Kev ruaj ntseg yog vim li cas, nws tseem yog zoo dua siv ua ntej yuav mus rau hauv lub hav zoov los yog tshwj xeeb txhais tau tias.
• Inedible nceb puas ntau lub neej lwj liam mushroom. Thiab cov neeg uas ciaj tom qab ntawd siv lawv nyob rau hauv khoom noj khoom haus, yuav tsis yog khav ntawm noj qab nyob zoo. Tsis txhob sib sau ua ke nceb, Yog hais tias tsis zoo versed nyob rau hauv lawv cov hom, thiab nco ntsoov hais tias txawm siav hom tej zaum yuav lom hais tias koj poob los ntawm lawv cov zaub mov thiab pov tseg tej chaw los yog nyob ze tibneeg hu tauj coob txoj kev.
• Lom nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd nceb nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov koj yuav ntsib nrog yus cov nroj tsuag. Piv txwv li, peb loj hlob zoo nkauj thiab appetizing mus saib, "wolfberries." Noj cov khoom uas lawv, dua li cov kev tsis txaus yog tsis yooj yim sua, raws li nws yog fraught nrog loj raug kuab lom thiab intoxication.
• Boars. Qus npua teb - heev txaus ntshai tsiaj. yuav ua tau tshwj xeeb yog txhoj puab heev maum uas tiv thaiv lawv piglets. Yog hais tias koj pom cov npua teb lub puag nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv, los yog sib ntaus, los yog ib tug siab tsob ntoo uas yuav pab raws li ib tug tiv thaiv los ntawm ib tug npau taws niam.
• Txhom. Carnivorous tsiaj nyob tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hav zoov. Nws yog yog li ntawd tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau lawv yuav tsis tau. Suffice nws hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov, inhabited los ntawm txhom yog zoo dua tsis mus rau hmo ntuj vim hais tias nws yog lub sij hawm ntawm ib hnub lawv xav mus plob hav zoov.

Nyob rau hauv xaus

Ntoo - yog qhov wealth ntawm lub ntiaj teb, uas yuav tsis raug overestimated. Nws muab peb ib tug ntau ntawm tseem ceeb nroj tsuag, berries thiab nceb. Nws tseem yog lub tsev uas muaj ntau inhabitants: cov noog thiab cov tsiaj, kab thiab microorganisms.

Muaj ob peb hom forests: nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv peb latitudes, deciduous, coniferous (feem ntau xa mus rau raws li tundra), thiab mixed. Txhua yam ntawm lawv nyob lawv cov pej xeem, uas yog xis nyob rau hauv cov tej yam kev mob.

Hav zoov nyob rau hauv caij hloov koj txoj kev ua neej. Yog li ntawd, lub caij ntuj no pem hav zoov zoo nkauj heev thiab muaj xav tsis thoob lub nplhaib, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov - lub noog hu nkauj thiab qab berries.

Txawm tias lub nplhaib ntawm lub hav zoov, tos unwary neeg mus ncig, thiab nws yuav txaus ntshai. Nws yog raws li lom nroj tsuag thiab nab los kab. Mus rau ib tug taug kev, nws yog tsim nyog los them sai sai rau lawv cov khaub ncaws thiab nkawm khau, siv tshuaj thaum uas tsim nyog. Qhov no yuav pab kom muaj kev noj qab nyob thiab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv ntau nepriyatnotey.

Hav zoov - lub ntsws ntawm lub ntiaj teb, nws cleans lub huab cua, uas yog heev pab tau. Siv sij hawm ntau nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov, nyob rau picnics los yog mus taug kev - thiab nws muaj ib tug zoo feem tsis tsuas yog nyob rau koj noj qab haus huv tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ob peb vas. Tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm. Tsis txhob ua txhaum lub cov tub ntxhais ntoo, tsis txhob ua lub zes thiab cov noog 'zes, thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, tsis txhob tawm tom qab nws mus ua si pawg ntawm thoob khib nyiab. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog dab tuag tab sis kuj txaus ntshai rau ntau inhabitants ntawm lub hav zoov, lawv yuav tsum tau raug mob los ntawm cov kaus poom thiab fwj los yog noj cellophane qhwv thiab tuag. Hwm thiab hlub xwm, Yog hais tias koj xav kom koj lub neej yuav noj qab nyob zoo.