Uas hom lus uas hais nyob rau hauv Switzerland? Official lus ntawm lub teb chaws

Switzerland - ib tug multinational tsim lub xeev, uas yog inhabited los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam nationalities. Qhov no, raws li zoo raws li thaj assimilation cuam tshuam rau cov lus ib puag ncig ntawm lub xeev. Koj yuav kawm tau los ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm hais tias cov lus hais nyob rau hauv Switzerland, muaj cuab kav nrog peculiarities ntawm lub teb chaws thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Tam sim ntawd nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub official lus, thiab muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm dialects thiab dialects, uas yog tswv ib tug loj ib feem ntawm cov pejxeem.

German

Yog hais tias peb tham txog dab tsi zoo ntawm cov lus yog nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Switzerland, nws yog, ntawm chav kawm, German. Feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub xeev nyob rau hauv lub cantons (administrative unit), nyob rau hauv uas nws yog hais, los yog es nyob rau hauv nws Swiss dialects.

Fabkis

Qhov no lus yog ntau tsis tshua muaj heev, txawm li cas los, thiab nyob rau nws yog hais lus nyob rau hauv plaub hais lus Fabkis cantons, nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub teb chaws, piv txwv li nyob rau hauv lub Roman cheeb tsam. Cov cheeb tsam yog cov Jura, Geneva thiab Vaud Nevshantel. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, peb cantons nyob tau ob yam lus pejxeem, qhov no Bern, Valais thiab Fribourg.

Italian

Official lus ntawm Switzerland kuj muaj xws li cov Italian. Txawm txawm lub fact tias muaj heev me ntsis nws kis, nws twb paub li ib tug hauj lwm. Siv Italian nyob rau hauv Canton Ticino thiab hu ua ib co ntawm rau yav qab teb thaj tsam ntawm lub canton ntawm Graubünden.

Romansh lus

Yam tsawg kawg ntawm tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv Switzerland haiv neeg hais lus. Lawv tus naj npawb ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv yog hom twg los ntawm 0.5 mus 0.6% ntawm tag nrho cov pej xeem ntawm lub xeev. Romansch tham thiaj tau tuaj Grisons Canton, uas kuj nyob muaj Italian thiab German. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj tsib sub-pawg ntawm cov lus, uas yog ib tug ntau hom lus, hu ua Rumantsch Grischun twb tsim.

Official lus ntawm Switzerland

Lub fact tias ntau li plaub hom lus officially lees paub tias nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, vim ob peb yam tseem ceeb. Tus thawj yog nkag teb chaws. Rau ntau centuries nyob rau hauv Switzerland yuav tau tsis tsuas yog tus pej xeem ntawm lub zos nyob sib ze lub teb chaws nrog ib tug tsawg dua tus txheej txheem ntawm nyob, tab sis kuj cov neeg tuaj xyuas los ntawm deb afield. Piv txwv li, kev suav pej xeem, nyob rau hauv 2000, pom tias txog 1.4% ntawm cov pejxeem - nws yog neeg txawv teb chaws uas tuaj los ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub qub Yugoslavia.

German, Fabkis, Italian thiab Romansh - uas cov lus hais nyob rau hauv Switzerland. Txawm li cas los, raws li lub teb chaws tus Constitution, thawj peb ntawm cov lus yog hais tias yuav lub teb chaws, thiab hais tias lawv yog npaj tsoom fwv cov ntaub ntawv, tsim thiab thiaj li nyob. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv Switzerland yog heev me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm muaj ntawm Romansh lus. Cuaj kaum, nws yog feem ntau siv rau hauj cov rooj sib tham, thiab nws tseem tau mus thov kom cov tub ceev xwm.

Siv cov cai no rau cov haiv neeg tsawg tsis xav tias slighted. Nws ntiav ib tug "territoriality hauv paus ntsiab lus", raws li uas cov lus thaj tsam yuav tsum tau hwm nyob rau hauv hauj tsev. Qhov tseeb hais tias plaub hom lus lees paub tias officially no, tsis qhia hais tias txhua leej txhua tus nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws twg muaj lawv.

lus

Feem ntau, Swiss pej xeem muaj lawv cov thawj, niam tus nplaig, rau ib tug me me raws li ntawm lwm lub xeev thiab lus Askiv. Unwillingness kawm tag nrho hauv lub xeev hom lus yuav tsum cia li piav hais los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lus Askiv yog ntau npaum li cas nrov ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, thiab nws paub yuav qhib li ib tug ntau ntau possibilities. Qhov no ua rau Switzerland los ntawm "chetyrehyazykovoy" nyob rau hauv "ob thiab ib tug ib nrab lingual" lub teb chaws.

Faib lus

Tam sim no uas koj paub cov lus hais nyob rau hauv Switzerland. Nws yog lub sij hawm mus kawm txog yuav ua li cas cov lus yog txiav txim los ntawm tus txheej xwm ntawm txhua canton. Tus tub ceev xwm ntawm txhua thaj av ntawd muaj txoj cai los mus txiav txim uas cov lus yog lawv lub ntsiab cheeb tsam. Piv txwv li, lub Fabkis hais lus cantons yuav xaiv mus kawm nyob rau hauv German tsev kawm ntawv, thiab vice versa. Raws li ib tug thib ob txawv teb chaws lus nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ua hauj lwm pab lus Askiv los yog Italian. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub Italian hais lus canton ntawm Tichila, piv txwv li, cov kev kawm txog German thiab Fabkis yog yuav tsum tau.

State VS English

Nqe lus los ntawm lub taub hau thawj ntawm lub tsim ntawm ib qho ntawm lub cantons, ua nyob rau hauv 2000, tau criticized vim hais tias nws xav mus nrhiav kom tau tus thawj txawv teb chaws lus yog lus Askiv, thiab yog li ntawd, cov pej xeem yuav cov lus nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no tau tsiv mus rau ib theem txoj hauj lwm. Cov hauj lwm xa mus rau lub fact tias English yog ntau ntau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, cov menyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej nws yuav tuaj nyob rau hauv muab rau ntau tshaj li qhov Fabkis. Tw ntawm lub nrhav tau txiav txim siab hais tias xws li kev hloov tej zaum yuav raug nyob rau hauv deterioration ntawm lub teb chaws kev sib sau ntawm lub teb chaws.

xaus

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ib qho nyuaj rau hais tias yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam hauj lus nyob rau hauv Switzerland, vim hais tias nws yog lub tsev mus rau ntau txawv teb chaws, uas dab tsi rau txog 9% raws li ib feem pua. Qhov no xam yog lossi hloov nrog lub influx ntawm tshiab migrants. Qhov no ua rau nws txawm ntau nyuaj rau txiav txim seb cov lus hais nyob rau hauv Switzerland.