Urea nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Raising thiab tej cov ntsiab lus

Urea yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm neutralization ntawm ammonia nyob rau hauv lub siab. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub tshua ntawm amino acid deamination. Urea koom sib txuas ntawm tsawg molecular ceeb thawj. Nws muaj lub peev xwm los dawb do kis tau los ntawm lub cell daim nyias nyias ntawm erythrocytes thiab parenchymal kabmob. urea los ntawm cov ntshav pom tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub glomeruli. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws tseem ceeb reabsorption (passive) yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub tubules.

Urea ntshav concentrates raws li lub synthesis ntawm glomerular filtration rate thiab raum perfusion.

Qhov no compound muaj tsawg toxicity, tab sis lub toxicity ntawm guanidine derivatives muaj poov tshuaj ions noog nrog nws. Urea kuj yog ib qho osmotically active tshuaj, yog li ntawd thaum nws yog cim cia hnab khib edema nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm parenchymatous kabmob, myocardium, central lub paj hlwb, subcutaneous cov ntaub so ntswg.

ntshav urea (nws nyob rau hauv concentration ntshav) yog feem ntau pom tias ib tug qhia ntawm lub raum glomerular muaj nuj nqi ntaus ntawv. Txawm li cas los, muaj ntau yog kwv yees yog ua nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm creatinine.

Ua urea tsim cai nyob rau hauv lub siv ntawm ntau cov nqi ntawm cov protein catabolic lub xeev, raws li zoo raws li haum uas muaj protein ntau thiab cov amino acids tom qab pais plab los ntshav. Ua nws concentration cai nyob rau hauv lub cev qhuav dej vim nce passive reabsorption nyob rau hauv lub raum tubules.

Txo cov ntshav urea (ntshav) nyob rau hauv cov khoom cua hepatic muaj nuj nqi tsis meej, raws li zoo li ib tug tsis txaus protein tsawg. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm compound nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab tej zaum yuav ua rau kom vim lub txais tos ntawm ib tug neeg siv tshuaj yeeb. Cov tshuaj xws li phenylbutazone, anabolic steroids, dopegit, hlau tshuaj, aldomet, nephrotoxic tshuaj.

Yuav txo tau ntawm urea nyob rau hauv cov ntshav tej zaum yuav qhia koj lub siab mob (tus kab mob siab, nyob rau hauv xws li khaub thuas, mob npuas paug, hlav). Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub cev muaj cov tsim ntawm lub yooj yim compound. Thaum ua txhaum tshwm sim thiab lub siab tsis meej urea ntau lawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob muaj peev xwm tsis tas yuav kom meej meej tseg. Lub ntsiab tsos mob yuav tsum tau yuav tau li tsis muaj zog, tsis qab los noj mov, qaug zog, jaundice, ab belching, tsis xis nyob rau hauv txoj cai hypochondrium.

Nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm lub digestive system, nrog malabsorption ntawm amino acids ua li cov proteins uas nyob rau hauv lub postoperative lub sij hawm muaj feem xyuam rau kev pab rau cov hnyuv kab mob, mob pancreatitis, cab ailments kuj muab sau txo urea nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Kev kho mob ntawm no yuav tsum tau raws kev coj nyob rau ntawm lub qhov lwm tus kab mob. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, tom qab tau txais tshem ntawm tus kab mob thiab normalized kev ntsuam xyuas.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov compound nyob rau hauv cov zis yog txiav txim los ntawm nws cov concentration hauv cov ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account lub kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm pom nyob rau hauv lub ob lub raum.

Qhov ntshav urea yog 2,8-8,3 mmol / l. Feem ntau, thaum lub cev txheej txheem ntawm protein metabolism, nws txheem no tsis tshua cai rau ntau tshaj 6 mmol / l. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv muaj ib tug noj cov zaub mov uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv protein, cov compound concentration yog txo mus rau 2 mmol / liter.

Nce urea nyob rau hauv cov ntshav (feem ntau yog lub concentration yog ob peb lub sij hawm lub cev sab sauv ntsuas), feem ntau yog nrog mob hnyav qaug cawv, hu ua uremia. Nws sau tseg ib tug zoo li mob nyob rau tom qab ntawm cov hauv qab no kab mob:

- raum tsis ua hauj mob daim ntawv;

- pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis;

- anuria (tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm cov zis syndrome, ib tug neeg tsis quav);

- mob ntshav qab zib;

- hlav los yog concrements nyob rau hauv lub qhov zis los yog ureter;

- kub nyhiab;

- peritonitis;

- poob siab;

- phenol lom, cov tshuaj mercury ntsev, chloroform;

- gastro-plab hnyuv los ntshav.