Vocational kev kawm ntawv: ua hauj lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv, kawm ntawv qib siab, kev tsev kawm ntawv

Qauv ntawm ob ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv hnub no plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev kawm ntawm heev neeg txawj neeg ua hauj lwm.

Txhua txhua hnub tus ua yuav tsum tau practitioners. Txawm li cas los, nrog cov kev loj hlob ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag thiab ntau lawm tsis tu ncua ntau zog xav tau nyob rau hauv lawv cov professionalism thiab kev txawj.

Cov muaj tsis txaus ua hauj lwm professions tsub kom txaus siab nyob rau hauv theem nrab ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv cov tub txawg. Txaus qhia yav tas los xam tau tias yog tsis prestigious, yog tam sim no nce nyob rau hauv kev thov nyob rau hauv cov zog ua lag luam. Lo lus nug kev kawm nyob rau hauv cov chaw no yuav tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, tshwj xeeb kev kawm ntawv hauv tsev muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev kawm theem nrab tswj (kawm ntawv qib siab), ntxiv mus nyob ib tug muaj zog txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev kawm ntawv system.

Public tsev ntawm theem nrab ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv nqa tawm mus rau hnub tim nyob rau hauv kev kawm 280 txawv specialties. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev hloov kho ntawm zus tau tej cov no daim ntawv teev yog tsis tu ncua loj hlob thiab loj hlob.

hom kawm ntawv qib siab

Secondary kev kawm tau muab los siv nyob rau hauv ob ua sawv. Faib cov thawj zaug thiab theem siab.

Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv Russia muaj ob hom ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv uas qhia tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm kawm ua hauj lwm ntawm lub thib ob theem:

• College - lub ntsiab hom tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas cov tub ntxhais kawm muaj lub sij hawm tau txais theem nrab ua hauj lwm yooj yim kev kawm ntawv;
• College - tsa theem ntawm ib lub tsev nyob qhov twg qhia ntawm intensive kev pab cuam (yuav tsum subordinated division ntawm tsev kawm ntawv los yog los haum tej neeg sab nraud qauv).

Initial ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab ua hauj lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv (PTU). Cov tsev muaj ntau txoj kev kawm puag.

Vocational tsev kawm ntawv yog txawv los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab dua ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv kev npaj.

Qhov kawg ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nrog rau hauv-tob qhia kawm tiav yog muab tsub lub peev xwm ntawm "tus kws", me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm lyceums thiab kawm ntawv qib siab - "tus kws nkag theem."

Qhov nruab nrab pib theem kev kawm

Secondary ua hauj lwm tsev nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm thawj zaug kev kawm muaj xws li tshwj xeeb cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab kawm ntawv qib siab.

Number tsev kawm ntawv uas yooj yim kawm nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog hais txog 4 lab niaj hnub no. Lawv tau xyuas los ntawm ntau tshaj li 1.5 million tub ntxhais hluas.

Pej xeem tau txais kev thawj hom kev kawm, txoj cai mus ntxiv kev kawm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv SSUZ tsa theem ntawm txo cov kev pab cuam.

Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias tsim nyog, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tau txais ib daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev kawm ntawv. Ua li no, dhau ib lub xeev ntsuam xyuas nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm uas cov ntaub ntawv.

Cov kawm tiav ntawm ob ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv nkag teb chaws-theem, muaj txoj cai mus ntxiv ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv kawm ntawv qib siab, kawm ntawv qib siab raws li tau zoo raws li tebchaws.

Secondary kev kawm kom

Leej twg xav tau txais kev kawm ntawv nce theem yuav tsum xaiv rau kev txais neeg kawm yog tsis high school, tsis ua hauj lwm, thiab kawm ntawv qib siab los yog kev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv Russia muaj ntau tshaj 2,5 txhiab kawm ntawv qib siab nrog nyob rau hauv-tob txoj kev tshawb no, uas attracts tshaj 2.3 million menyuam kawm ntawv.

Kom ntau ntau cov theem nrab tshwj xeeb tsev kawm ntawv yog muab los ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev kawm ntawv qauv ntxiv cov kev pab cuam:

• kev xyaum;
• nyob rau hauv-tob txoj kev tshawb no ntawm tej yam kev kawm thiab kev cai qhuab qhia;
• muab ntxiv tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog cov thawj.

Kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv high-theem SSUZ kom ze rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv no muaj ntau chav kawm teev tshaj nyob rau hauv cov tsev thawj kev kawm ntawv, kev xeem thiab kev ntsuam xyuas, sau ntawv lub sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab dissertations.

Piv txwv li, cov tub ntxhais kawm uas tau xaiv siv cov kev faib College, nrog rau kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev coj koj yuav tsum coj thiab tiv thaiv txog kev tsim nyog thesis tej yaam num muaj feem rau kev tshwj xeeb yam. Qhov txawv tsuas - nyob rau hauv sab uas yuav tsum tau rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv kawm ntawv qib siab. Yog li ntawd, lub qhov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm theem siab yuav raug xam tias yog ib tug tsawg dua theem ntawm ntau dua kev kawm ntawv.

Feem ntau, kawm ntawv qib siab yog ib tug yam ntxwv cai ntawm lub University, thiab yog nyob rau hauv lub saib xyuas ntawm lub chaw. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas npaj yuav mus ntxiv rau lawv cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, yuav tsum xyuam xim rau no qhov tseeb. Thaum xws li ib tug degree kawm ntawv qib siab tiav muaj cai tau txais tshwj xeeb kev kawm ntawv nyob rau University of txo cov kev pab cuam. Qhov no yog ib tug zoo kom zoo dua, raws li nws tso cai rau kom txo lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev tshawb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, raws li tau zoo raws li mus ua ke ua hauj lwm thiab kawm ntawv.

kev txais neeg kawm uas yuav tsum tau

Cov kawm ntawv qib siab tej zaum yuav sau npe kawm cov neeg uas tau txais ib tug yooj yim kev los yog qib secondary kev kawm ntawv. Cov khoom no yog ib tug ntawm cov yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau.

Cov neeg thov cov tsev kawm ntawv cov thawj hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv raug zam los ntawm kev noj cov yuav tsum tau nkag piab. Yog yuav sau npe koj yuav tsum xa cov nram qab no ntaub ntawv:

• tus thawj daim ntawv rau lub tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev kawm ntawv (qib 9 los yog 11);
• 4 duab (3 x 4);
• ib tug kho mob daim ntawv pov thawj;
• cov ntawv luam ntawm passports thiab ntawv pov thawj yug;
• daim ntawv qhia nyob rau tus thawj coj ntawm kev cuv npe.

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, thaum ua ntawv thov kom tau ib lub tshav pob ntawm kev ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv, yog tias tsim nyog, ntawm cov kev txiav txim ntawm lub chaw nqa tawm ib qho kev sib tham nrog tus neeg sib tw. Entrant yuav tsum yauv mus ua sau kev ntsuam xyuas rau aptitude thiab kev txawj ntse nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv kev kawm. Neeg pab leg ntaubntawv tej zaum yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, yog hais tias tus xov tooj ntawm cov xav kom paub ntau ntxiv dua lub xov tooj ntawm cov nyiaj txiag qhov chaw nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem no, cov kev sib tw yog ua raws li qhov nruab nrab qhab nia ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj thiab dhau cov kev xeem tau.

Mus kawm rau theem nrab ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv nce qib tsev rau ib tug sib tw hauv paus rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev nkag xeem.

Ib tug ntawm cov yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau rau theem nrab ua hauj lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog ib tug daim ntawv tso cai. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej koj ua ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si cov pej xeem thiab coj mus muag tsev yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lub tsev muaj ib tug tseem ceeb daim ntawv mus rau qhov tam sim no lub sij hawm ntawm validity.

Cov menyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv yuav tsum tau ntawm cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev tshawb, muab nrog ib tug hostel.

Tawm ntawm txoj kev sib txeeb nram qab no pawg ntawm cov pej xeem cuv npe kawm nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab:

• yog me nyuam ntsuag thiab cov me nyuam sab laug yam tsis tau niam txiv saib xyuas;
• cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus;
• cov neeg ntawm lwm pawg, preferential mov uas yog muab los ntawm lub xeev.

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov niaj hnub ntaub ntawv yees nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm ua ntawv theem nrab ua hauj lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv hloov thiab yooj yim zog. Tej lub tsev koom siv rau kom tau txais daim ntawv sau npe ntawm internet technology. profiles tsim raug nteg nyob rau hauv lub official lub website ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.

Qhov no txoj kev yog yooj yim thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov mej zeej ntawm lub xaiv pawg neeg. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li thov, koj yuav tsum sau ib daim ntawv rau lub website ntawm lub tsev. Qhov kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov kev sib tw yog coj remotely. Thawj cov ntaub ntawv rau tus neeg thov no yog tom qab ib tug zoo tshuaj. Li no taw tes nws tus kheej muaj yog tsis tsim nyog.

Zoo thiab ntev ntawm cov kev kawm

Vocational kev kawm ntawv tej zaum yuav tau txais cov nram qab no ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kawm ntawv:

• Tag nrho cov-lub sij hawm;
• ib feem-lub sij hawm (yav tsaus ntuj);
• xov xwm.

Hnub kawg rau kev tau txais daim ntawv ntawm thawj zaug kawm ua hauj lwm ntawm ob mus rau peb xyoos rau lub hauv paus ntawm cuaj cov chav kawm ntawv thiab ib mus rau ob lub xyoos tom qab kaum ib cov chav kawm ntawv. Hnub yog ncaj qha nyob rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov xaiv tshwj xeeb.

Lub caij ntawm ob ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv nce raws li txiav txim los ntawm lub theem ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm. Rau lub cuaj cov chav kawm ntawv tau txais tom qab nws yog peb mus rau plaub lub xyoos. Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub kaum ib cov chav kawm ntawv - los ntawm ob mus rau peb lub xyoos.

Hnub Kawg

Cov tsev kawm ntawv muaj txoj cai los mus teev nws pib hnub uas tau txais cov ntaub ntawv. Feem ntau, cov nyiaj pib nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, tom qab qhov kawg ntawm zaum kawg piab (tab sis tsis pub lig tshaj 20 hnub), thiab yog txais daim ntawv sau npe mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj (tiam sis tsis pub lig tshaj lub 26th).

Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias lub sijhawm rau tag nrho cov sij hawm thiab ib feem-lub sij hawm, nyiaj txiag thiab daim ntawv cog lus ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kev kawm muaj peev xwm sib txawv.

kev kawm ntawv cov qauv

Feem ntau, cov qauv ntawm nruab nrab kawm ua hauj lwm muaj xws li ob qhov chaw. Tus thawj - ib tug tsoom fwv teb chaws qhov kev pab cuam, kev pom zoo los ntawm tus Ministry of Education. Txhua txhua xyoo, cov ntaub ntawv no tej zaum yuav hloov. Common qauv thiab yuav tsum tau txais nyob rau hauv relation mus kawm ntawv qib siab, tsev yuav tsum ua raws li nrog tag nrho cov spheres ntawm ob ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv.

Qhov thib ob - ib qho kev pab uas tau kev pom zoo nyob rau lub regional theem. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg kawm nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm tib hom, yuav tau tshawb tej yam txawv thiab muaj ntau cov xov tooj ntawm chav kawm teev.

Programs ntawm ob kev kawm ntawv ntawm theem siab cia muab ntxiv specialties nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj txiag los yog nqi hauv paus.

Thaum kawm tiav, cov tub kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau mus kawm lub xeev ntawv pov thawj. Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub tiav yog muab tsub lub peev xwm. Yog hais tias tsis zoo, tus menyuam kawm ntawv tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj kawm tiav ntawm kev kawm ntawm lub tsev, ntawm lub caij thiab tus naj npawb ntawm chav kawm teev.

Cov neeg uas tsis tau dhau kawg ntawv pov thawj, muaj txoj cai kom dhau nws rau xyoo tom ntej.

nyiaj

Cov menyuam kawm ntawv noj ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv, muaj cai yuav tsum tau qhia nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv dawb dawb xwb.

Kawm Ntawv Tiav ntawm lub chaw, kom tau txais kev nkag-qib diploma thiab txiav txim siab mus ntxiv lawv txoj kev kawm ua hauj lwm ntawm tsev kawm qib siab los yog kev cov tsev kawm ntawv kuj tseem yuav tsim nyog tau txais rau pej xeem nyiaj.

Mus cuag ib tug thib ob kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv theem nrab ua hauj lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm tib theem - cia li them.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tsev kawm qib siab, kev kawm ntawv, cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab ua hauj lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Moscow, St. Petersburg thiab lwm yam Lavxias teb sab lub zos muaj ib lub sij hawm rau daim ntawv cog lus kev cob qhia rau ib tug coj mus muag hauv paus.

Cov menyuam kawm ntawv kawm nyob rau hauv ib tug nyiaj txiag, txais ib daim scholarship nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj yam.

Specialties ntawm ob ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv

Rau cov neeg uas txiav txim siab kom tau humanitarian los yog kev kawm ntawv, tshwj xeeb, daim ntawv teev cov uas yog pom zoo los ntawm lub Ministry of Education rau cov tsev kawm ntawv, muab ib lub sij hawm kawm ib tug dlej luam.

Secondary ua hauj lwm cov tsev kawm ntawv los muab kev cob qhia nyob rau hauv cov nram no:

• ua liaj ua teb thiab fisheries;
• tsev so thiab tsev noj mov cov kev pab cuam;
• tshuaj thiab kev kho mob;
• roj thiab lub zog sector;
• Khoom noj khoom haus, cov dej qab zib thiab haus luam yeeb khoom;
• siv thiab ua cov textiles;
• siv thiab ua cov tawv khoom, nkawm khau;
• txua ntoo;
• sis plawv hniav thiab cov ntawv kev lag luam;
• publishing thiab printing kev lag luam, zus tau tej cov luam khoom;
• zus tau tej cov roj, roj thiab nuclear industries;
• tshuaj lag luam;
• manufacture ntawm hluav taws xob thiab kho qhov muag khoom;
• Machinery raug;
• siv thiab ua cov roj hmab thiab yas khoom;
• metallurgy;
• tsheb ntau lawm;
• rooj tog ntau lawm;
• hniav nyiaj hniav kub;
• siv thiab ua cov seev suab paj nruas;
• zus tau tej cov ntaus pob ncaws pob khoom;
• recycling ua;
• Lwm yam lawm;
• tsev so thiab tsev noj mov cov kev pab cuam;
• luam (lag luam wholesale thiab khw muag khoom);
• logistics;
• siv;
• kev kawm ntawv thiab kev qhia ua ub no;
• tshuaj thiab kev kho mob;
• nyiaj txiag kev ua ub no;
• social sciences;
• av;
• natural sciences;
• humanities;
• kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab;
• economics thiab cov kev tswj;
• ntaub ntawv kev ruaj ntseg;
• kev pab cuam;
• av tswj thiab geodesy;
• Geology thiab mineral kev pab;
• aircraft thiab missile thiab qhov chaw technology;
• marine engineering;
• xov tooj cua tshuab;
• automation thiab tswj;
• Computer Science thiab Engineering;
• hav zoov cov khoom;
• tej kev tiv thaiv thiab lub neej ruaj ntseg.

Specialization cov tsev kawm ntawv yog feem ntau txuam nrog lub regional yam ntxwv, specifics ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag thiab ntau lawm nyob rau hauv ib tug muab thaj av ntawd. Nrog rau cov aim ntawm kev kawm uas tsim nyog thiab cov neeg uas nqa proforientirovanie tsev kawm ntawv.

Vocational tsev kawm ntawv, kev kawm ntawv los yog kawm ntawv qib siab - dab tsi los xaiv?

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw ua hauj nyob rau ntawm koj lub hom phiaj.

Yog hais tias tom qab kawm tiav koj xav los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, lub feem ntau haum kawm ntawv qib siab uas muaj kev kawm nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb (xws li, rau tom ntej mus kawm rau hauv University of Civil Engineering siv cov kev faib College yog xaiv; rau siab ntso kawm cov kev kho mob profession - kev kawm ntawv siab, thiab thiaj li nyob).

Ua hauj lwm tshwj xeeb tsim nyog koj yuav tau txais ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv SSUZ kom ntau kuj muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev kawm rau cov average paug ntawm kev txawj ntse ua hauj lwm - LAGLUAM, cov xib fwb ntawm thawj thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov neeg kuaj, raws li zoo raws li cov tub txawg nyob rau hauv ntau ntau lwm yam lus qhia.

Yog hais tias koj xav tau kom sai tau ib tug tshwj xeeb, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav tsum yog tus ua hauj lwm kev kawm ntawv thawj qib.