Yuav ua li cas sau ntawv rau hauv nqe lus. Yuav ua li cas kom paub yuav ua li cas sau ntawv txoj kev

Ua ntej kawg piab, ntau tus menyuam kawm ntawv muaj kev nyuaj siab. Ib tug yog vim li cas yog qhov yuav tsum tau sau qhov kev nthuav qhia. Yog vim li cas - qhov tsis muaj peev xwm articulate lawv cov kev xav. Puas yuav ua tau rau kawm no? Yog, thiab nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav saib dab tsi hauv lub cos cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov DPA, yuav ua li cas sau ntawv, thaum tsis txhob uas yuam kev.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib txoj kev?

Qhia txog hu ua muaj tswv yim hom ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas cov tub ntxhais kawm nyeem cov ntawv nyeem, thiab lawv, nyob ntawm seb cov hauj lwm, nws yuav tsum saib lub ntsab lug nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia - tsim kev sau lus thiab style.

Yuav ua li cas sau ntawv rau lub daim ntawv qhia? Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm yog faib mus rau hauv 4 theem:

• tus kws qhia ntawv nyeem cov ntawv nyeem ob zaug;

• tub ntxhais kawm ntawv sketches nyob rau hauv cov cua ntsawj ntshab;

• nyeem ntawv tawm lub thib ob tom qab lawv sau ib tug kev kee ntawm kev nthuav qhia;

• Cov menyuam kawm ntawv xyuas cov ntawv nyeem rau uas tsis, thiab yog hais tias txhua yam yeej muaj tseeb, sau dua tshiab tag nrho huv si daim ntawv.

Yuav ua li cas daim ntawv yog?

Ua ntej koj yuav kawm tau li cas los sau ib tug muaj tseeb daim ntawv qhia, koj yuav tau xyuas seb dab tsi nws yog.

• nthuav dav - retold cov ntawv nyeem thaum tswj ib theem zuj zus ntawm cov txheej xwm thiab kev ua.

• Compression - retelling ntawm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv nyeem.

• qauv - ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm tej yam ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem txuam nrog ib tug kev cwj pwm los yog kev txiav txim.

Yuav ua li cas mus sau cov ntsiab lus?

Nyob ntawm seb lub hom, yuav tau sib txawv mus kom ze rau qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm kev sau ntawv. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas sau ntawv daim ntawv qhia?

Nyob rau hauv ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws retelling ntawm kev sau ntawv yuav tsum ua raws li cov nram qab no cov kauj ruam:

• sib cais los ntawm lub ntawv nyeem ntawm lub ntsiab lub tswv yim ;

• txiav txim seb lub sau ntawv style - artistic, journalistic, colloquial, scientific.

• xav txog lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem kev nthuav qhia - piav qhia, sib cav, narrative.

• xav txog ib theem zuj zus ntawm tus kheej, thiab sau nws nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg.

Thaum sau ntawv compressed kev nthuav qhia yuav tsum ua raws li cov nram qab no cov kauj ruam:

• phua cov ntawv nyeem rau hauv ob peb qhov chaw;

• xaiv ib tug kev los ntawm cov semantic load;

• cais cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub ntsiab lus ntawm zaj dab neeg.

Thaum sau ntawv qauv ntsiab yuav tsum rov qab qhia dua cov ntawv nyeem nyob ntus.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov embodiments yuav siv hom kev kawm hloov, deletion thiab merger, tiam sis feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov lawv yog siv rau kev sau ntawv lub compressed kev nthuav qhia. Raws li daim ntawv nyob rau hauv txoj kev daim ntawv no?

Hloov yuav hloov ntawm ib tug neeg lus cov lus. Piv txwv li, "cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam" - on "neeg", "cov tub thiab cov ntxhais" - nyob rau ntawm "me nyuam" los yog "cov tub ntxhais kawm".

Qhov kos yuav lub compression hauv cov ntawv nyeem nyob rau cov nuj nqis ntawm tau txais tshem ntawm lexical repetitions, zoo tib yam lus thiab cov kab lus uas tsis lub ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, cov kab lus "Txhua devoted thiab hlub neeg nyob hauv lub nroog tuaj tawm los tiv thaiv cov haiv neeg phab ntsa" yuav txo tau kom xws li ib tug lub tswv yim: "Txhua neeg nyob tuaj mus tiv thaiv lub nroog."

Lub merger yuav combining ob complex ua ke rau hauv ib tug complex. Piv txwv li, ob tug complex muaj peev xwm yuav ua ke rau hauv ib tug: "Tus txiv neej uas ua hauj lwm ntev thiab nyuaj rau lawv kawg, ua ntej los yog tom qab ntawd yuav ua tau nws, dua li cov kev xav ntawm lwm tus neeg. Ua li no, nws yuav tsum ntseeg nyob rau hauv koj tus kheej thiab mus rau hauv tus npau suav, txawm lub obstacles. " Tshwm sim ntawm cov union: "Nws yog tsuas muaj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej thiab zog ua hauj lwm cov hlau lead txiv neej lub hom phiaj, txawm lub tswvyim ntawm lwm tus neeg thiab obstacles."

Yuav ua li cas mus sau cov ntsiab lus lub DPA?

Sau ntawv ntawm kev nthuav qhia yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub kawg kev xeem nyob rau hauv lub 9th grade. Nws txawv ntawm lub niaj zaus kev nthuav qhia ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias cov menyuam kawm ntawv mloog ib cov ntaubntawv povthawj. Qhov no innovation tuaj nyob rau hauv 2014. Qhov tseeb pab cov zoo tshaj ntawm cov hauj lwm, uas tau qub markedly. Deterioration nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj ntawm kev ua hauj lwm vim lub fact tias cov kws qhia ntawv, kev nyeem ntawv text, ua los ntawm qhov nruab nrab me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab tsom ntsoov rau qhov tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv lub announcer sai sai nyeem cov ntawv nyeem obezlichivaya nws. Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov DPA 2014? Koj yuav next mus rau lub tswv yim nram no:

• Thaum xub thawj mloog, ua kom to taub cov ntawv nyeem ntawm nws lub ntsiab thought thaum noj sau ntawv rau abstracts thiab yav tom ntej txoj kev npaj.

• Sim hlwb hais dab cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub hom phiaj;

• thaum lub sij hawm thib ob mloog recordings ntxiv uas ploj lawm ntaub ntawv;

• pib sau ib tug kev kee ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia;

• tawg-sau ntawv nyeem rau hauv paragraphs thiab suav cov xov tooj ntawm cov lo lus nyob rau hauv ib;

• suav tus xov tooj ntawm tau txais cov lus, thiab yog hais tias lawv yog cov tsawg tshaj 70, ua rau kom cov ntawv nyeem los ntawm kev ntxiv adjectives, gerunds, participles, hloov tej lus rau npe;

• Xyuas cov ntawv nyeem rau uas tsis, thiab nyob rau hauv lawv qhaj ntawv, ua tib zoo sau cov ntawv nyeem nyob rau hauv lub daim ntawv.

Raws li tsab ntawv txog qhov DPA? Cov yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau rau nws - ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 70 cov lus, nws yuav tsum muaj xws li ntawm 3 paragraphs.

Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj ntau yuam kev?

Thaum sau ntawv qhov kev nthuav qhia nyob rau hauv tus menyuam kawm ntawv tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho yuam kev:

• nyob rau hauv kev hais lus, kev cai sau ntawv thiab syntax;

• ib tug hloov lwm lub tsev cov khoom;

• zajlus kom cim.

Yuav ua li cas sau ntawv ib daim ntawv qhia rau lub Lavxias teb sab lus, nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom tsis txhob muaj cov uas tsis?

Hais lus uas tsis yog muab faib mus rau hauv mechanical (typos) thiab cov kev tswj. Nrog rau cov thawj koj cia li yuav tsum tau ceev faj thiab xyuas cov ntawv nyeem ua ntej tus me nyuam. Ntawm no pab cov txheej txheem siv nyob rau hauv typography: nyeem cov ntawv nyeem los ntawm cov hauv qab li - yog li xav tias yuav siab rau yuam kev thiab tsis nyob rau cov ntsiab lus. Nrog ob hom ntawm kev ua yuam kev yog yooj yim dua, vim hais tias ntawm no yog koj yuav tsum tau paub cov kev cai ntawm cov lus.

Spelling uas tsis tshwm sim yog hais tias tus me nyuam kawm ntawv tsis paub qhov tseeb txawv ntawm lo lus. Piv txwv li, "Kuv thov txim" es tsis txhob "thov txim". Kom tsis txhob rau lawv, koj yuav tsum tsim ib tug nplua nuj paub cov ntsiab lus, nyeem ntawv kom ntau li ntau cov ntaub ntawv thiab periodicals yuav ua tau, thiab sau ntawv cov lus hais. Ua li no, koj yuav tau sau rau daim kab xev ib tug series ntawm lus nrog pauses thiab sau rau lawv raws li misspelled lus sau nyob rau hauv ib tug uake.

Qhov ua rau ntawm syntax uas tsis yog siv lo lus nyob rau hauv txawv txawv kev txiav txim zoo thiab inconsistencies. Piv txwv li, cov kab lus "Peb feem ntau pom Svetlana thiab txhua lub sij hawm tham nrog Svetlana" yuav hloov los ntawm "Peb feem ntau pom Svetlana thiab tham mus rau nws."

Los ntawm stylistic uas tsis to taub distortion ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Kom tsis txhob no, koj yuav tsum ua raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov lo lus nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus, thiab pom zoo nrog rau cov theem nrab ntawm cov kab lus nyob rau ntawm cov lus.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsim nyog hloov mus rau lwm cov khoom thiab distortion ntawm cov zajlus kom tsis to taub lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv nyeem thiab tsis ncaj ncees lawm kev sib cav. Yog vim li cas yog tus tsis muaj kev nkag siab ntawm ib tug thwj tim ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Kom tsis txhob no yuam kev, koj yuav tau nug cov lus nug: yog dab tsi yog cov ntawv nyeem tias tus sau xav hais tias yog dab tsi cov lus sib cav nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem paub meej tias qhov no conjecture, seb tus me nyuam kawm ntawv pom zoo nrog qhov tswv yim ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv.

Yuav ua li cas los qhia ib tug me nyuam los sau txoj kev: Tswv yim rau

Sau ntawv cov txuj ci ntawm kev nthuav qhia yog tsis tsim ua ntej lub xeem. Kev npaj rau nws pib nyob rau hauv ua ntej - rau ib lub hlis, rau lub hlis los yog ua ntej, nyob ntawm seb nyob rau theem ntawm kev kawm ntawm tus me nyuam. Ces cov tub ntxhais, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tsis muaj ib lo lus nug, yuav ua li cas sau ntawv ib daim ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab.

• qhia ib tug me nyuam mus txiav ib lo lus thiab siv shorthand tej yam tshwm sim;

• nrhiav piv txwv audiotexts DPA thiab sau rau lawv los ntawm saum toj no kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub hom phiaj;

• sau cov lus hais.

Yuav ua li cas sau ntawv qhov tseeb daim ntawv qhia? Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug - periodic xyaum, thiab txawm lub feem ntau nyuaj ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau tsis muaj teeb meem.