Yuav ua li cas yog lub combustion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv

Goren hu ua oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim nyob rau kev kub ceev, uas yog nrog los ntawm tshav kub nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau thiab, raws li ib tug txoj cai, ib tug kaj ci, uas peb hu rau nplaim taws. Lub combustion txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas lub cev Science News for KIDS, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug combustion yog txais rau tag nrho cov exothermic dab muaj ib tug self-accelerating cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tej self-acceleration tej zaum yuav vim yuav ua rau kom nyob rau hauv kub (t. E. Muaj ib tug kub engine), los yog txuam nrog ntawm lub active hais (muaj ib tug diffusion xwm).

Lub combustion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib tug yeeb yam feature - tus xub ntiag ntawm lub siab kub cheeb tsam (cov nplaim taws), spatially txwv thiab qhov chaw uas feem ntau ntawm cov hloov dua siab tshiab tshwm sim pib ntaub ntawv (roj) nyob rau hauv lub combustion khoom. Qhov no tus txheej txheem no nrog qhov kev tso tawm ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm thermal zog. Yuav pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (nplaim taws tsos) yuav tsum tau mus expend ib qhov nqi zog rau cov tiv cav tseb, ces cov txheej txheem mus nthawv. Nws ceev nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj thaj chaw ntawm cov tshuaj muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, zoo li raws li los ntawm cov pa roj dynamic dab thaum lub sij hawm combustion. Lub combustion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj tej yam ntxwv, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm uas - thiab lub calorific nqi ntawm cov sib tov yog qhov kub thiab txias (hu ua adiabatic), uas yuav raws tau tiav tag combustion tsis suav thaum tshav kub kub.

Los ntawm ib pawg xeev oxidizer thiab roj combustion txheej txheem yuav tau muab ib qho ntawm peb hom. Lub combustion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav ua tau:

- homogeneous thaum roj thiab oxidizer (pre-tov) yog nyob rau hauv lub gaseous lub xeev,

- heterogeneous, nyob rau hauv uas cov khoom los yog kua roj reacts nrog lub oxidant roj,

- cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm combustion ntawm gunpowder thiab tawg.

Homogeneous combustion yog lub feem ntau yooj yim, muaj ib tug tsis tu ncua ceev, nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab molecular tshav kub conduction sib tov, kub thiab siab.

Ua kev combustion yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov xwm, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv vitro. Nws ceev yog nyob rau ntawm cov kev mob ntawm lub combustion txheej txheem thiab yam ntxwv lub cev ntawm cov khoom xyaw. Nyob rau hauv lub kua roj rau cov combustion ceev heev los ntawm tus nqi ntawm evaporation, nyob rau hauv cov khoom - gasification tus nqi. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem ntaub ntawv ob theem thaum lub sij hawm thee combustion. Nyob rau hauv lub Thawj zaug ntawm lawv (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug comparatively qeeb cua kub) faib volatiles tshuaj (thee), mus rau lub thib ob kub yus coke.

Combustion roj (e.g., ethane combustion) no sib txawv. Lub gaseous medium yuav propagate ib tug nplaim taws ntawm ib tug loj heev kev ncua deb. Nws tau tsiv mus nyob los ntawm roj subsonic ceev, nrog rau cov khoom teejtug uas yog tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug gaseous nruab nrab, tab sis kuj yog ib tug sib tov ntawm fine kua thiab khoom combustible hais tov nrog oxidant. Yuav ua kom ruaj khov combustion nyob rau hauv xws li mob yuav tsum tau ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim ntawm lub cub tawg ntaus ntawv.

Qhov yuav tshwm uas ua rau lub combustion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub gaseous nruab nrab, yog ob hom. Thawj - ib tug kiv nyob rau hauv roj txaus, ua rau ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ceev. Hnubpoob nrog acoustic teeb yuav ua rau txaus rau cov theem tom ntej - lub rov tshwm sim ntawm kev poob siab yoj ua rau av ntawm sib tov. Nruab hnub nrig av combustion kauj ruam nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej roj zog tab sis kuj los ntawm lub system thiab hais tawm tsis ntau thiab tsawg pab.

Lub combustion ntawm cov roj siv nyob rau hauv lub kos duab thiab kev lag luam. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm no yog mus cuag lub siab tshaj plaws combustion efficiency (ie. E. Mus optimize tshav kub) rau ib tug predetermined luv. Siv kub, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub tsuas kev lag luam - txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam txoj kev minerals raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm cov roj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj thiab geological tej yam kev mob ntawm lub combustion tshwm sim tej zaum yuav ua tau ib tug zoo tshaj, nqa ib tug loj txaus ntshai. Qhov tiag txaus ntshai, rau Piv txwv li, yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm txawj combustion ntawm peat, uas ua rau yus mus rau lub tsos ntawm endogenous hluav taws kub.