Brown algae: ib nyuag lus piav qhia txog lub tuam tsev

Brown algae yog hais txog zauv pab pawg neeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas nyob feem ntau nyob rau hauv marine dej. Rau hnub tim, tsuas yog yim paub hom, uas nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm evolution tau tsiv mus rau dej tsis qab ntsev tej kev kawm.

Department Kelp: lub tsev

Tag nrho cov mej zeej ntawm lub department yog multicellular lub cev - colonial thiab unicellular ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hav zoov yog tsis qhia. Raws li rau qhov luaj li cas, lawv yuav ua tau heev txawv - zoo li fronds yuav ua tau me me, thiab mus txog ob peb meters nyob rau hauv ntev. Paub txhua xyoo marine cov nroj tsuag, tab sis muaj cov neeg uas nyob mus txog rau 18 xyoo.

Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov zoo thiab cov qauv ntawm cov thalli, muaj kuj yog muaj ntau haiv neeg reigns. seaweed lub cev tej zaum yuav muaj xws li filaments ntawm daim hlau, hnab, crusts los yog me me fab. Mus rau substrate yog taag los yog cog ntawm ib los yog rhizoids system.

Integument sawv cev los ntawm ib tug cell phab ntsa, uas feem ntau yog muaj ob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg (peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab muaj cov neeg sawv cev). Cov txheej cover txheej muaj yeej tseem zoo ntawm pectin yam thiab tseem muaj sulfated polysaccharides. Lub puab txheej muaj ib thooj ntawm cellulose fibers.

Borax algae: cell qauv

Ib qho tseem ceeb cov yam ntxwv ntawm systematic hlwb yog lub xub ntiag ntawm plastids. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag, txhua cell muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov me me zoo-tsim chloroplasts. Plastids muaj plaub daim nyias nyias. Feem ntau, cov txheej membrane ntawm lub chloroplast membrane kis mus rau hauv lub endoplasmic reticulum los yog keeb. Raws li rau chlorophyll, ntawm no nws yog nthuav ntaub ntawv A, C1 thiab C2.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub plastids ntawm algae muaj fucoxanthin, violaxanthin, zeaxanthin thiab beta-carotene, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb cov yam ntxwv rau tsob nroj cais ntoo hab tsaj.

Lub cell nucleus tsuas yog ib, txawm hais tias muaj yog ib co multi-hom. Lub ntsiab yam khoom yog tus spare hrizolaminarin uas yog tso rau hauv tshwj xeeb vacuoles los yog raws li cytoplasmic granules.

Kelp thiab tu tub tu kiv

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no department yuav propagated vegetatively, kev sib deev thiab asexually. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau hom, cloning yog nqa tawm los mus faib cov thallus. Tab sis, rau piv txwv, ficus nyob rau ib ntawm lub cev muaj ib pab pawg neeg tshwj xeeb hlwb uas yuav tig mus rau hauv ib tug tshiab yaj thaum twg xav tau.

Raws li rau lub asexual txheej txheem, feem ntau nws yog nqa tawm los ntawm txoj kev zoospores. Tsuas yog ib tug ob peb hom me nyuam los ntawm txoj kev tsau mono los yog tetraspor. Los ntawm txoj kev, zoospores thiab gametes - lub xwb daim ntawv ntawm cov hav zoov flagellates kelp.

Raws li rau kev sib deev kev, nws yuav ua tau:

• Isogamous (phev thiab qe yog cov loj tib yam).
• Heterogamic (txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes muaj ntau gametes).
• Oogamnym (txiv neej gametes yog me me thiab mobile, thaum cov poj niam oogonia nyob twj ywm nyob ruaj ruaj thiab sib txawv loj loj).

Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th nrhiav tau tej yam tshuaj secreted los ntawm lub cev thaum lub sij hawm kev sib deev algae kev loj hlob. Qhov no yog tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li pheromones, active kev kawm uas kav mus hnub no.

Kelp thiab feem ntau zoo-paub cov neeg sawv cev

Ib qho ntawm feem zoo-paub hom yog suav tias yog qab zib kelp, los yog seaweed. Cov nroj tsuag muaj ib tug loj dissected yaj, qhov ntev ntawm uas yuav ua tau los ntawm 1 mus rau 14 meters. Lub thallus ua li ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm laminarin. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, seaweed yog suav tias yog ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw ntawm iodine. Nyob rau hauv tej lub teb chaws, qhov no tsob nroj yog cultivated thiab nquag siv nyob rau hauv xam lav thiab lwm yam tais diav. Ntawm tal kuj ua tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm lub qog kab mob.

Lub genus Sargassum yog tseem lug paub, vim hais tias nws yog vim qhov pheej, ntev thalli ntawm cov dej nroj tsuag Sargasso Hiav txwv thaum lub sij hawm twb dhau lawm txaus ntshai rau ua luam dej.