Yuav ua li cas yog lub hniav kev kawm

Tus txiv neej yeej ib txwm sim embellish nws lub neej, ua rau nws lub ntsiab ntawm loog thiab creativity. Artisans, tsim tej khoom tsev - tais diav, cov khaub ncaws, rooj tog zaum, dai kom zoo nkauj lawv cov ornaments, cov qauv, carved, inlaid nrog precious pob zeb, tig lawv mus rau hauv tiag tiag tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab.

Hniav kos duab, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj nyob rau hauv prehistoric lub sij hawm, thaum cavemen dai kom zoo nkauj lub tsev lub qhov tsua paintings, tab sis, nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm ntaub ntawv, nws faib xwb nyob rau hauv lub 50s ntawm lub 19th caug xyoo.

Lub ntsiab lus

Decorare Latin lo lus raws li "kho". Hais tias nws yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm "cov hniav", uas yog "dai kom zoo nkauj". Li no, lub sij hawm "hniav art" lus txhais tau tias "tus muaj peev xwm mus kho."

Faib mus rau hauv Cheebtsam xws art ntaub ntawv :

• monumental - tsim décor, paintings, mosaics, tsuas iav, carved vaj tse thiab lug;
• daim ntawv thov - siv rau tag nrho cov tsev neeg cov khoom, xws li cookware, rooj tog zaum, khaub ncaws, textiles;
• kho kom zoo nkauj - ib tug muaj tswv yim mus kom ze rau tus tsim ntawm festivals, miv thiab Showcases.

Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv uas zoo nkauj kos duab yog txawv los ntawm ib tug muaj kuab heev, yog nws practicality, muaj peev xwm siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, tsis yog ib tug zoo nkauj filling.

Piv txwv li, cov duab - yog qhov kev kawm ntawm fine art, duab, thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog carved los yog pleev xim rau tej hub tswm ciab tais - crafts.

kev faib

Ceg ntoo ntawm no kos duab daim ntawv yog txwv kom muab zais raws li:

• Ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem. Qhov no tej zaum yuav ib tug hlau, pob zeb, ntoo, iav, ceramics, thiab textiles.
• Txheej txheem ntawm tua. Siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev kawm - carving, inlay, molding, luam ntaub, embossing, paj ntaub, batik, painting, pob tawb weaving, macramé, thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Feature - cov kev kawm yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, xws li rooj tog, tais diav los yog khoom ua si.

Raws li yuav pom los ntawm cov kev faib tawm, lub tswvyim muaj ib tug dav heev kev pab them nqi. Zoo kev cob cog nrog cov kos duab, architecture, tsim. Khoom ntawm cov hniav kos duab rau cov ntaub ntawv uas lub ntiaj teb no lwm tus txiv neej, ua rau nws zoo nkauj tshaj thiab richer nyob rau hauv zoo nkauj thiab paj lug cov nqe lus.

rov tshwm sim

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov muaj hnub nyoog lub craftsmen sim los decorate lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lawv cov hauj lwm rau. Lawv txawj craftsmen, lawv muaj zoo saj, los ntawm ib tiam los txhim kho lawv kev txawj ntse, ua tib zoo zov lub secrets nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg. Lawv khob, banners, cov phab ntsa hangings, khaub ncaws, cutlery thiab lwm yam khoom hauv tsev, raws li zoo raws li tsuas iav, frescoes yog siab artistic.

Yog vim li cas yog lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "cov hniav art" nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-xyoo pua puv 19? Qhov no yog vim lub kiv puag ncig industrial, thaum nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm loj hlob sai nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tshuab-ua khoom muag los ntawm artisans txhais tes txav mus factories. Qhuav tau los ua ib tug unified, uas tsis yog-cim, thiab feem ntau unattractive. Nws tsuas yog ib lub ntxhib functionality yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv xws tej yam kev mob, daim ntawv thov meant cia nuv ntses khoom raug tsev nrog ib tug high school cov artistic tus nqi. Masters ntawm lawv kos duab tau thov, tsim kom dai kom zoo nkauj tsev neeg cov khoom, uas nyob rau hauv lub tej yam kev mob ntawm lub industrial boom pib yuav txaus siab rau zoo kawg thov nyob rau hauv cov neeg nplua nuj strata ntawm cov haiv neeg. Yog li tau yug los lub sij hawm "arts and crafts".

Keeb kwm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob

Hnub nyoog ntawm Hniav Arts yog lub hnub nyoog ntawm tib neeg. Thawj Point uas muaj tswv yim khoom mus rau lub Paleolithic era, thiab yog lub pob zeb carvings, ornaments, ritual figurines, pob txha los yog pob zeb tsev neeg yam khoom. Muab cov txheej thaum ub implements, zoo nkauj kos duab nyob rau hauv ancient haiv neeg ntawd heev yooj yooj yim thiab crude.

Ntxiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov txhais tau tias ntawm zog ua rau lub fact tias cov khoom uas yuav pab tau ib cov tswv yim lub hom phiaj, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm embellishing lub neej, ua ntau muaj kuab heev thiab ua kom zoo zoo. Wizards nqis peev nyob rau hauv tsev neeg cov khoom rau koj tej txuj ci thiab saj, lub siab lub ntsws mus ob peb vas.

Hniav Folk Art permeated ntsiab ntawm sab ntsuj plig kab lis kev cai, kev cai thiab kev ntseeg ntawm lub teb chaws, lub cim ntawm lub ntu. Nws npog loj heev cev nqaij daim tawv ntsig txog khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev loj hlob, cov khoom ntawm ntau tiam ntawm tiag tiag nco, li ntawd nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau tag nrho cov lwm yam thiab hom los tsim kom tau nws nyob rau hauv ib cov keeb kwm kab. Cov qib kev loj hlob conventionally tawg mus rau hauv lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws sij hawm tsis pub dhau uas sawv tawm lub feem ntau cov tawm masterpieces ntawm cov hniav art.

antiquity

Hniav Arts ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau tseem ceeb nplooj ntawv nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub thov arts. Iyiv craftsmen zoo tag nrho cov kos duab crafts xws li carved pob txha thiab ntoo, hlau ua, jewellery, siv thiab ua cov dawb lias iav thiab iav, lub finest patterned fabrics. Thaum lub qhov siab ntawm nws yog tanneries, weaving, tais diav ntim chaws. Iyiv ntxias tau tsim zoo tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab, uas tag nrho cov ntiaj teb no admires niaj hnub no.

Tsis muaj tsawg ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm arts and crafts pib mus cuag lub ancient Oriental masters ntawm Asia muaj hnub nyoog (Sumer, Babylon, Assyria, Syria, Phenicia, Palestine, Urartu). Hniav kos duab rau ntawm cov xeev feem ntau kom meej meej qhia nyob rau hauv lub crafts xws li carving rau kaus ntxhw, Engraving rau cov nyiaj thiab kub, inlaid nrog precious thiab semi-precious pob zeb, kos duab forging. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov haiv neeg yog tus simplicity ntawm cov duab, hlub tus décor rau me me thiab ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhov chaw thiab ib tug nplua mais ntawm cov yeeb yuj paj. Ib tug heev theem siab mus txog ntaub pua raug.

Cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov dluab ntawm lub ancient craftsmen ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu, mythical creatures thiab legends ntawm cov nqi heev. Peb siv hlau, nrog rau noble, faience, kaus ntxhw, iav, pob zeb, ntoo. Peb mus txog lub siab tshaj plaws kev txawj Cretan Jewelers.

Hniav Arts ntawm lub East - Iran, Is Nrias teb - yog permeated nrog ib tug sib sib zog nqus lyricism, refined duab nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog classical clarity thiab kev coj dawb huv ntawm style. Centuries tom qab admired fabrics - muslin, brocade thiab txhob lo lo ntxhuav ntaub pua plag, kub thiab nyiaj, embossing thiab engraving, pleev xim rau glazed earthenware. Yog dazzling ci thiab ciam teb vuas adorn lub ntiaj teb thiab kev cai dab qhuas cov vaj tse. Cim hom kev kawm los ua artistic calligraphy.

Cim qhia tias yog leejtwg thiab kom receptions ntawm txawv cov hniav kev kawm ntawm Tuam Tshoj, uas tau muaj ib tug loj feem nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm ntawm Japanese ntxias, Kauslim Teb, Mongolia.

European Kos duab twb tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov kawm Askiv thiab crafts kev txawj Byzantium, absorbed tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub ancient ntiaj teb no.

originality Russia

Folk hniav kos duab rau ntawm ancient Russia tej tus ntawm Scythian kab lis kev cai. Art cov ntaub ntawv tau attained hwj huam loj thiab pictorial qhia. Slavs siv iav, pob zeb siv lead ua, carnelian, amber. Muaj tsim hniav nyiaj hniav kub siab thiab hlau, pob txha carving, tais diav ntim chaws, zoo nkauj painting tuam tsev.

Nws occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw Easter qe, ntoo carvings, paj ntaub thiab weaving. Nyob rau hauv cov hom ntawm cov kos duab Slavs mus txog zoo heights, tsim ib tug muaj kuab heev kom zoo zoo cov khoom.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub hniav kev kawm los ua lub teb chaws txog yam tshiab thiab cov qauv.