Yuav ua li cas yog lub manufactory? Siv ntawm nag hmo thiab hnub no

Yuav ua li cas yog lub manufactory? Nyob rau hauv lub classic kev txiav txim zoo ntawm cov manufactory - ib daim ntawv ntawm muaj ntau lawm, ua ntej lub tsev lag luam ntawm loj-scale tshuab kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los, lub sij hawm "manufactory" yog multivalued. Nws yog siv los mus txiav txim cov theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm capitalist ntau lawm thiab lub hom capitalist enterprise. textiles feem ntau hu ua textile Hoobkas khoom, dai kom zoo nkauj los ntawm lub tshuab. Yuav kom xa mus rau ntau hom handicraft tsim, factories, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog textile thiab weaving, kuj suab lo lus "siv".

Manufactory - yog feem ntau phau ntawv lawm. Qhov no yog evidenced los ntawm lub sij hawm "siv» (manufactura), tsim los ntawm cov merger ntawm ob Latin lo lus: "Manus" - "txhais tes" thiab "factura" - "txiav txim siab ntawm". Kev ceev zog - ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab yam ntxwv uas paub qhov txawv cov manufactory ntawm factories thiab kev cob qhia, kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv tej cov machine thiab conveyor.

Yuav kom coj clarity rau lo lus nug "yog dab tsi lub manufactory", ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau saib nyob rau ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm nws tshwm sim. Nws precursors twb antique ergasteria (khw), medieval itinerant koom tes, khoom siv tes ua khw, thiab lawv cov koom haum (khw). By kawg ntawm lub classic medieval guilds, uas cai craftwork, teem cai, muab faib kev txiav txim thiab tswj qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom, tsis sib haum mus rau qhov tseeb ntawm lub era. Yuav kom tsim tau ib tug nkag siab zoo li cas ib tug manufactory, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb them sai sai mus rau lub tej yam kev mob ntawm nws tshwm sim. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov loj-scale productions nyob ntawm ib lub sij hawm thaum loj hlob crafts thiab cov lag luam tawm, accomplished thaj discoveries, shape kev ua lag luam huab hwm coj lawm. Yog li, lub loj hlob yuav tsum tsim kim khoom, tsim kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm meej muaj koob muaj npe hwj chim nyob rau hauv Fabkis (XVII xyoo pua.). Major lawm, siv thiab ua, ua nyob rau hauv loj nyiaj thaum Royal tsev hais plaub, ua rooj tog, tapestries, tais diav ntim chaws, hniav nyiaj hniav kub, ua si phaib thiab lwm yam luxuries.

Cov thawj heev European raug ntau lawm yog xav tau ib tug iav manufactory, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1710 nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais Albrechtsburg (Meissen). Tom qab ntawd, mus tom ntej los tsim ntau yam handicraft cov khoom tau nyob rau hauv ntau European lub zos.

Yuav ua li cas yog manufactory, peb paub rov qab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XVII nyob rau hauv Russia. Thaum muaj breech (palace) thiab ua lag luam khw uas muaj ib co nta ntawm raug. Tseem ceeb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm manufacturing ntau lawm yog cai nyob Peter I. Thaum lub kawg ntawm XVIII - thaum ntxov XIX centuries qhauj tau tsim ntawm no hom, ntau yam uas yog ntse khiav hauj lwm hnub no. Piv txwv li, Moscow tus hlob textile lub tuam txhab JSC "Trekhgorny Siv".

Manufactory - tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug nyob ntev nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov niaj hnub muaj ntau lawm. Qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov khoom ua los ntawm craftsmen, qhov zoo tshaj yog nyob deb superior rau Hoobkas ntau lawm. Muaj tseeb tiag, invaluable luag hauj lwm ntawm manufacturing ntau lawm nyob rau hauv lub preservation ntawm artistic sawv nyob rau hauv arts and crafts, rau qhov siv thiab ua cov cim khoom nyob rau hauv peb hnub yog ua li cas masters ob txhais tes.