Yuav ua li cas yog mutagenic tau dab tsi thiab nws yog txaus ntshai?

Hloov ib txwm tshwm sim mam li nco dheev. Cov kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic khoom siv ntawm ib tug kab mob txawv: ib yam dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub chromosomes los yog noob, thiab cov kev hloov no yog feem ntau pom mus rau tus liab qab qhov muag. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, lub txim hnyav, thiab tej zaum kuj rau lub cev tau tuag. Cov kev hloov tsis tshwm sim los ntawm nws tus kheej. Yog vim li cas ib txwm tau txais mutagenic tau.

Yuav ua li cas yog mutagenic agents?

Cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov noob thiab chromosomes, science kawm noob caj noob ces. Nws kuj muab ib tug scientific ntsiab txhais ntawm mutagens.

Mutagenic yam - tshuaj los yog lub cev neeg uas ua cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub caj khoom siv ntawm lub hlwb. Qhov xwm ntawm cov tshuaj mas siv tej zaum yuav sib txawv, thiab nyob rau hauv no txoj hauj lwm yog raws li cais.

hom mutagens

Nyob ntawm seb lawv cov keeb kwm faib lub cev, cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lom mutagens. Tej mutagenic yam yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau ib qho ntawm peb cov loj pab pawg.

Kev cuam tshuam hostile cell cov neeg ua hauj tej zaum yuav tsum tau qhia ncaj qha mus rau ib tug DNA molecule, thiab ces tus tshuaj ntsuam genetic khoom loses nws cov thawj qauv. Ib txhia mutagens cuam tshuam nrog lub cell division, thiab lub resulting genetic khoom yog faib kom zoo. Muaj, li cas los xij, tej uas los ntawm lawv tus kheej tsis tau ntaus nqi mus rau mutagens. Tab sis tej yam rau ib yam tshuaj compound ntawm tej yam enzymes puv nws mus rau hauv ib tug tiag tiag mutagenic tau. Cov tshuaj muaj ib tug mutagenic "tej zaum", xa promutagens.

Mutagenic yam. piv txwv

Los ntawm mutagens lub cev keeb kwm muaj xws li cov chaw ntawm ionizing tawg, raug UV teeb, txoj kev yuav txo siab los qis kub thiab humidity.

Piv txwv li, lub wavelength ntawm ultraviolet tawg muaj ib tug ntev ntawm ntau tshaj 260 nm yog absorbed los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm tes thiab ua daim ntawv tsim nyob rau ntawd uncharacteristic ntawm pyrimidine dimers (lub tebchaw nyob rau hauv lub DNA saw) uas, nyob rau hauv lem, ua ib tug ua ntawm kev nyeem ntawv uas tsis nyob rau hauv lub caj khoom. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, hlwb tshiab yuav muab DNA molecule los ntawm cov "tsis yog" cov qauv.

Muaj ntau cov tshuaj mutagenic thiab promutagens. Piv txwv yog lub reactive pa hom, nitrates thiab nitrites, ib co co, tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj uas kom txog thaum noob neej muaj nyob rau hauv cov xwm (tsev neeg cov tshuaj, khoom noj khoom haus additives thiab preservatives).

Piv txwv li, ib tug cev xeeb tub poj niam tej zaum yuav tsis paub txog lawv cov teeb meem thiab coj ib co tshuaj tua kab mob, txaus ntshai rau lub fetus. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tus me nyuam tej zaum yuav tsim congenital kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm change.

Lub lom mutagens xws li cov kab mob, kab mob, khoom pov tseg ntawm tej protozoa thiab cab.

Cov tshwm sim ntawm tej yam ntawm tej lom cov neeg ua hauj nyob rau hauv lub hlwb yog ib tug txheej txheem uas yog hu ua kab mutagenesis. Piv txwv li, tus kab mob Helicobacter pylori, nyob rau hauv tib neeg plab thiab hnyuv yuav ua rau o ntawm lub mucosa. O hloov lub qub khiav ntawm redox dab nyob rau hauv puas hlwb uas alters cov qauv ntawm cov kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic khoom nyob rau hauv lawv. DNA kho dab lawm thiab cov chav kawm ntawm ib txwm Paub Faib molecule. Tshwm - hloov.

Ob peb lo lus hais txog tus txheej txheem ntawm mutagenesis

Mutagenesis - yog tus txheej txheem ntawm tshwm sim ntawm change. Yuav ua li cas tsi mechanism, nws yuav tshwm sim?

Lub muaj zog mutagenic yam ua rau lub thiaj li hu ua chromosomal instability. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic khoom los yog faib unevenly nyob rau hauv lub cais hlwb los yog chromosomes qauv nws tus kheej mas nws txawv. Piv txwv li, ob chromosomes raug txhoj puab heev cov neeg ua hauj pauv lawv thaj av.

Mutagenic tau kuj hloov lub DNA sib lawv liag ntawm nucleic acids. Nws yog nthuav tias xws li change yog tuag los yog ua rau mob loj heev thaum cuam tshuam los ntawm tseem ceeb nucleotides, tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm kuj tshwm sim tsis muaj pathologies, yog hais tias xws nucleic acid sequences yog tsis puas.

Yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm raug mutagens?

Mutagenic yam tsis ubiquitous, li ntawd, tseem yuav pab tau rau qee yam kev tiv thaiv.

Antioxidants - ib tug tseem ceeb pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tebchaw uas tiv thaiv tau raug carcinogens. Thiab lawv yuav pab tau los tiv thaiv tawm tsam tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm cov hostile tshuaj. Piv txwv ntawm antioxidants yog vitamins A, C thiab E, beta-carotene thiab flavonoids. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv loj heev tus xov tooj yog nyob rau hauv zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yej ntsuab.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los ua kom tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov nyom lub cev cov neeg ua hauj xws li UV tawg los yog luam yeeb haus luam yeeb. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Australia, yog lub tsev mus rau ib tug heev loj tus xov tooj ntawm lub teeb-skinned neeg, thiab muaj ntau feem ntau tshav ntuj huab cua. Qhov feem pua ntawm tus neeg mob ntawm melanoma nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no, hmoov tsis, yog high school.

Ceev faj yuav tsum tau coj tshuaj tua kab mob, attentive rau cov zaub mov thiab sim kom txo tau cov kev noj ntawm preservatives. Qhov tseeb tiag mas, ntawm chav kawm, nws yuav ua raws li tej ntsiab cai ntawm kev noj qab nyob noj.

Mutagenic tej yam muaj zog. Txawm li cas los, los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm lawv cov cawv yog heev ua tau, yog hais tias peb ua tib zoo mus rau lawv noj qab haus huv.