Yuav ua li cas yog tus nqi ntawm cov vector thiab scalar dab tsi? Cia li hais txog lub complex

ob lo lus yog frightening schoolboy - vector thiab scalar - yog ua tau tsis txaus ntshai. Yog hais tias koj tuaj mus rau qhov kev kawm nrog kev txaus siab, tag nrho cov muaj peev xwm to taub. Qhov tsab xov xwm yuav saib dab tsi muaj nuj nqis yog ib tug vector, thiab ib co scalar. Ntau precisely, tam sim no piv txwv. Txhua tus menyuam kawm yuav tsum tau mloog, hais tias nyob rau hauv physics, ib co tseem ceeb yog cim tsis tau tsuas yog ib lub cim, tab sis lub xub los ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus. Dab tsi ua lawv txhais li cas? Qhov no yuav tsum tau tham hauv qab no. Peb sim kom to taub qhov txawv ntawm ib tug vector kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm ib tug scalar.

Piv txwv ntawm vectors. Lawv pom tias

Yuav ua li cas yog meant by cov vector? Yuav ua li cas characterizes lub zog. Nws tsis, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw los yog nyob rau ib lub dav hlau. Yuav ua li cas yog tus nqi ntawm cov vector ntawm tag nrho cov? Piv txwv li, ib tug dav hlau yog ya ntawm ib yam ceev ntawm ib tug tej yam siab, muaj ib tug meej luj, pib tsiv tawm ntawm lub tshav dav hlau nrog rau cov tsim nyog acceleration. Uas hais txog cov lub zog ntawm tus aircraft? Yuav ua li cas ua nws ya? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus acceleration ceev. Vector ntau ntawm physics Hoob no yog ib tug zoo piv txwv. Yuav kom muab tso nws bluntly, ib tug vector kom muaj nuj nqis txuam nrog lub zog, lub zog.

Dej, dhau lawm, yog tsiv ntawm ib yam ceev los ntawm lub roob heights. Koj saib? Lub zog nqa tawm vim tsis muaj ntim los yog loj, namely ceev. Ntaus pob tesniv ua rau nws tau tsiv lub pob siv cov ntxhe. Nws teev cov acceleration. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub applied quab yuam kuj yog ib tug vector kom muaj nuj nqis. Vim hais tias nws yog tau vim lub preset speeds thiab accelerations. Hwj chim kuj sib txawv thiab, nqa tawm ib qho kev ua. Lub Cua ntawd shakes cov nplooj rau cov ntoo, dhau lawm, muaj peev xwm yuav tau ua ib qho piv txwv. Txij li thaum muaj kev ceev.

Zoo thiab tsis zoo qhov tseem ceeb

Ib tug vector kom muaj nuj nqis yog ib tug muaj nuj nqis uas muaj cov kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv lub surrounding chaw thiab lub module. Dua muaj yog ib tug frightening lo lus, lub sij hawm no unit. Xav txog tej yam uas koj xav tau los mus daws cov puzzle, uas yuav tsum tau tsau los ntawm ib tug tsis zoo nqi ntawm cov acceleration. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, tsis zoo qhov tseem ceeb, nws yuav zoo li, tsis muaj nyob. Raws li cov kev ceev yuav tsis zoo?

Nyob rau hauv lub vector yog xws li ib tug tshaj plaws. Qhov no siv tau, piv txwv li, tej yam uas yog siv rau lub cev, tab sis muaj ntau cov lus qhia. Nco ntsoov peb kev cai lij choj ntawm Newton, qhov twg qhov kev txiav txim yog sib npaug zos rau counteraction. Cov hais mav rub txoj hlua. Ib pab neeg nyob rau hauv xiav shirts, lub thib ob - nyob rau hauv daj. Cov yav tas yog muaj zog. Piv txwv hais tias cov vector ntawm kev quab yuam yog qhia rau qhov zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ua ntej nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus rub txoj hlua, tab sis sim. Muaj yog ib qho opposing quab yuam.

Vector los yog ib tug scalar kom muaj nuj nqis?

Wb tham txog qhov txawv ntawm ib tug vector kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm ib tug scalar. Yuav ua li cas parameter tsis muaj cov kev taw qhia, tab sis muaj ib tug txawv ntsiab lus? Ntawm no yog ib co scalar qhov tseem ceeb hauv qab no:

• lub sij hawm (thib ob, feeb, hnub, xyoo);
• loj (gram, kilogram, tuj);
• ntev ntawm qhov kev ncua deb (centimeter meter kilometer);
• cheeb tsam thiab ntim (cubic Meter thiab square);
• Kub (degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit);
• tawg koob, tawg (bar, X-ray);
• suab nrov, co (decibels).

Tsis lawv muaj tag nrho cov kev taw qhia? Tsis Yuav ua li cas yog tus nqi ntawm cov vector thiab scalar uas yuav qhia tau xwb ua piv txwv piv txwv. Nyob rau hauv physics, muaj tswv yim xwb tsis nyob rau hauv lub "mechanics, puab thiab kinematics", raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub seem "hluav taws xob thiab Hlau nplaum". Lorentz quab yuam, induction, magnetic teb - tag nrho cov no raws li vector ntau.

Vector thiab scalar nyob rau hauv cov qauv

Nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv on physics heev mis nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog ib tug xub nyob rau sab saum toj. Nco ntsoov Newton tus thib ob txoj cai. Lub zog ( "F" nrog ib tug xub saum toj no) yog sib npaug zos rau qhov loj ntawm lub khoom ( "m") thiab acceleration ( "ib tug" nrog ib tug xub nyob rau saum toj). Raws li hais saum toj no, quab yuam thiab acceleration yog vector ntau, tab sis qhov hnyav - scalar.

Tu siab, tsis yog txhua txhua cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv. Tej zaum, qhov no yog ua li cas los pab txhawb cov menyuam kawm ntawv yog tsis yuam kev. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus yuav cov phau ntawv thiab ua tim khawv, uas cim lub vectors nyob rau hauv cov qauv.

Ces dab tsi yog qhov muaj nqis ntawm tus vector yuav qhia piv txwv. Nws yog pom zoo them sai sai rau cov duab thiab kos duab nyob rau hauv physics kawm ntawv. Vector ntau muaj cov kev taw qhia. Qhov uas nws qhia kev quab yuam ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, down. Li no, lub xub yog tso tawm nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev coj.

Cov kev kawm ntawv qib siab yog kawm physics nyob rau hauv qhov tob. Nyob rau hauv muaj ntau yam disciplines cov xib fwb tham txog dab tsi tseem ceeb yog scalar thiab vector. Tej kev txawj ntse yog yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm: kev, thauj, science.