ZIL-157: specifications thiab cov duab

"ZIL 157" (ib tug yees duab ntawm lub tsheb uas hais nyob rau sab), ib tug haib tsheb, uas yog manufactured nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas Likhachev, los ntawm 1958 mus 1991. Lub tshuab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm tag nrho cov log tsav tag nrho-struts tsheb, thiab yog li ntawd lub serial ntau lawm yog aimed ntawm kom lub tsheb ntawm lub Armed Forces ntawm lub Soviet Union. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib qhov nqi ntawm "ZIL 157" tau siv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag.

kev txhim kho

Nyob rau hauv 1961, lub qauv hloov thiab tau txais index "ZIL 157K." Tus tshiab version ntawm lub tsheb twb ua mus txog rau thaum xyoo 1978, ces tsiv nws lawm los lub Ural Tsheb tsob nroj (UAMZ), tab sis nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm "ZIL 157KD". Tus tshiab tshuab yog txawv los ntawm lub yav dhau los paub kis tau tus mob, txhim khu kev qha ib disc clutch, ib tug zoo axial ntsuas nrog txawm load faib thiab telescopic poob siab absorbers. Tsav kev kawm ntawm cov hloov qauv no kuj zoo, tus nqi zog los ntawm 60 mus rau 65 kilometers moos. Lub tshiab version lawm muaj rau tej lub sij hawm mus ntsib, "Zil 157" uas nws cov duab twb tsis luam tawm nyob qhov twg, twb dej num raws li tej tub rog cov khoom ntawm lub sij hawm.

Lub tsheb lub cev yog ib tug ntoo platform them nrog longitudinal hlau npoo uas tiv thaiv puas. Cov boards tau koom ua ke los ntawm cov ntoo daim hlau, thickness 20 thiab ib tug dav ntawm 80 millimeters. Yuav kom tsim zog longitudinal transverse tuav intensified nrog hlau nkhaus. Pem hauv ntej lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yog mounted fixedly thiab sab thiab rear reclined, li no tag nrho qhib lub platform lub cev. Yog li, lub chaw thau khoom thiab unloading ntawm cov tub rog thiab lwm yam khoom ntiag tug nqa tawm tau yooj yim thiab sai sai.

Los ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag

Tsheb "ZIL 157KD" tau tsim kom txog thaum xyoo 1991 los lawm, thiab qhov kev kawm ntawm lub tsheb tsis tau hloov, tag nrho cov kev tsis siab raws li cov uas yuav tsum tau ntawm cov lag luam. Thiab txij li thaum cov tub rog pib zus tau tej cov tag nrho-struts tsheb nyob rau hauv 1966 nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag Likhachev "Zil 131", lub mov ntawm "ZIL 157KD" nyob rau hauv lub Armed Forces ntawm lub USSR cov nres. Lub tshuab yog nce siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem engineering, nyob rau hauv lub collective thiab lub xeev teb thiab forestry. Txhim khu kev qha, unpretentious struts tsheb tau ua ib tug indispensable cuab tam nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb.

Model "ZIL 157B" tsheb laij teb yam tsis muaj ib lub cev, yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yooj yim mus los nyob rau logging. Haib traction tso cai rau siv lub tshuab rau cov thauj ntawm ntev cav.

kev yam ntxwv

Ciaj ciam ntawm lub ntsiab Cheebtsam thiab cov rooj sib txoos, "Zil 157" raws li lub siab tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau ntawm lub sij hawm. Txij li thaum lub tshuab tau ua rau lub Soviet Army, rau nws cov tsis spare cov nyiaj. Yog li, "Zil 157", tus yam ntxwv uas tsis tas yuav tau zoo tuaj, sau rau ib conveyor siv nyob rau hauv ib tug classic cov ntaub ntawv, lub xyoo tsis hloov technology.

Lub tsheb twb nruab nrog ib lub cav ntawm nruab nrab muaj peev xwm thiab kis tau tus mob nrog tsib tsav shafts, yog ib tus uas txuas lub dispensing unit nrog lub gearbox, ob tes laug sib hloov ntawm lub hauv pem hauv ntej thiab nruab nrab axles. Cov plaub thiab tsib Hydraulic Presses txuas rau hauv nruab nrab choj rau lub tsheb, los ntawm ib nrab cov kabmob los ua ke.

chaw tos tsheb loj

Log "Zil 157" muaj ib tug sib sib zog nqus tsuj taw directional, zoo xa slippage. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub domestic automotive kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub tsheb twb teem paging system tswj cov log tsheb siab. Punctures thiab qhov me me nyob rau hauv lub log tsis muaj feem xyuam rau lub khiav ntawm lub tshuab, lub compressor yog txiav pumped yuav tsum tau npaum li cas ntawm cov huab cua pab kom txawm peem rau tus tsis muaj siab. Los ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj zaum kuj muaj xws li siv mechanism.

Log Tsheb "Zil 157", nrog lwm tus, tau tsim rau kev tshem rau nkauj xwb daus los yog swampy cheeb tsam no. Rau lub hom phiaj no nws yog tsim nyog los txo lub siab rau 0.7 atmospheres. Log tswm, lawv nto los ua wider. Tom qab dua cov puas feem, lub log dua pumped mus txog rau lub qub siab ntawm 2.8 atmospheres.

txias system

Lub Tog Raj Kheej thaiv "Zil 157" nrog rau cov "tsho" kaw hom. Los ntawm circulating coolant voj. Lub radiator yog ib tug tubular qauv, haum nrog ntsug rais. Rau-bladed kiv cua log qhia ntxiv txias.

Los ntawm constructive disadvantages txias system "Zil 157" yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau qhov rhiab heev ntawm engine tsawg kub. Thaum rho tawm 10 degrees yuav tsum tau siv tshwj xeeb rau insulating shrouds rau engine compartment, txij li thaum lub txias system tsis txhawb cov kev kawm kub. Tom qab, cov cua kub twb tau tiav, tab sis lub housings tseem muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntim tshuab.

Cav "Zil 157"

• lub tog raj kheej muaj peev xwm - 5559 cm / 3;
• hom - roj av, carburetor;
• ntau zog - 109 hp.;
• tus naj npawb ntawm thooj voos kheej kheej - 6, nyob rau hauv-line kev kho;
• lub tog raj kheej txoj kab uas hla - 101,6 hli;
• compression piv - 6.2;
• txias - dej ntsuab;
• cov ntaub ntawv uas - iron lub tog raj kheej thaiv, lub tog raj kheej taub hau txhuas;
• plaub - lag luam;
• kom 1-5-3-6-2-4 ntawm thooj voos kheej kheej;
• roj A-66, A-72.

kis tau tus mob

Phau ntawv kis, ib tug tsib-kauj ruam:

• Model 151;
• hloov - pem teb qib.

Iav ratios:

• fifth iav (ncaj) - 0,81;
• plaub iav - 1.00;
• peb iav - 1,89;
• thib ob iav - 3,32;
• thawj hloov - 6,24;
• Rov qab - 6,70.

Distributing box, ob-theem:

Iav ratios:

• thawj hloov - 2,44;
• thib ob iav - 1.24;
• ntsiab kis tau tus mob tsav axles - ib, 6,67.

Qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav yam ntxwv

• tag nrho cov luj yog 10.190 kg;
• ntev 6684 hli;
• qhov siab: tag nrho, nrog rau ru tsev 2915 hli, tsis muaj ru tsev 2360 hli;
• 2315 hli dav;
• pem hauv ntej khiav 1755 hli;
• rear khiav 1750 hli;
• puag log 3 665 + 1 120 hli;
• av clearance (clearance) - 310 hli.

kev hloov kho

Thaum lub sij hawm zus tau tej cov "ZIL 157" yog tsim los ntawm kaum ib yooj yim versions, uas ua ib qho kev ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj kev tshwj xeeb lub hom phiaj tsheb:

• hluav taws kub tsheb nrog ib tug tank dej nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 4.5 tons, Extendable ntaiv thiab muab ob npaug rau hauv hav zoov tau cov neeg;
• tsheb nrog thaum muaj xwm ceev generating teem rau muab hluav taws xob los mus ib ntus de-energized khoom.
• qauv uas muaj tam pem hauv ntej bumper rau towing los thawb;
• tsheb txawm peem rau nrog ib tug winch, tsim los rau rub tawm jammed log thiab khiav tsheb;
• yooj yim qauv "Zil 157", ib tsab 1958;
• tsheb laij teb "157B";
• puag qauv uas muaj 1961, "157K";
• tsheb laij teb nyob rau hauv 1961, "157KV";
• puag qauv uas muaj 1978 "157KD";
• tsheb laij teb nyob rau hauv 1978, "157KDV";
• Qav version enhanced txias system thiab radiator surround, "157YU";
• export qauv "157E";
• qauv uas muaj cov kev tiv thaiv cov khoom, shielded - "157G";
• qauv uas muaj ib shielded kev tiv thaiv cov khoom txij thaum 1961 - "157KG";
• qauv tshwj xeeb dual roj tso tsheb hlau luam, tag nrho cov ntim ntawm 300 tawm litres - "Zil 157E".

Tag nrho cov 797 934 tsheb tau ua ntawm tag nrho cov kev hloov kho, "tus huab tais ntawm off-txoj kev", raws li "Zil 157" xa mus rau los ntawm cov neeg.

Tus tshiab engine

Lub hauv paus qauv 1978 "157KD" twb nruab nrog ib lub cav, ib lub tsheb nrog ib tug unified "Zil 130". compression piv twb tau nce los ntawm 6.2 mus 6.5. Piston pab pawg neeg - lub tog raj kheej hnab twb qhib lawm, pistons, teem ntawm compression rings, ntiv tes, txuas pas nrig kiag li borrowed los ntawm lub engine "130". lubrication system ruaj hloov cov roj yog tam sim no ntxuav nyob rau hauv ib tug centrifugal lim.

Dej twj tso kua mis lub hwj chim twb ho ntau zog, mounted principally tshiab alternator, compact, npaum unit. Tsis tu ncua pib hloov los ntawm vysokooborotisty, nce lub hwj chim. Tej timer muab txoj kev uas yuav hu rau thiab transistor ignition system. Lub tshiab engine twb ntsia rau "ZIL 157KD" nyob rau hauv lub Ural ceg ntawm lub ZIL.

"ZIL 157" diesel

Lub ntau lawm lub sij hawm ntawm tag nrho cov-struts tsheb, diesel fais fab nroj tsuag, uas yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj scale tsis ua ib ke. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub USSR, tag nrho cov tsheb thauj khoom tau nruab nrog petrol motors. Txawm li cas los, "Zil 157" yuav nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus yuav teem D245-12S diesel cav hom, nws tsis xav mus hloov dab tsi, tag nrho cov mounting cov docking lub cev muaj zog thiab predach box yuav muab tau yooj yim yoog. Nws yog tsuas tsim nyog los txiav cov kev rear kev pab txhawb nqa pab pawg thiab weld los ntawm "Zil 130" los yog "131 Zil '. Txawm li cas los, thaum txhim kho ib tug diesel cav yuav tsum tau npaj kom txhij rau tangible tuav tag nrho lub tshuab yog ib lub xwb tsis zoo ntawm tej Modernization.

choj

Tsheb "Zil 157" hais txog ntawm cov hloov yog txawm peem rau nrog peb ntawm cov tib hom khiav iav. Qhov no planetary, semiaxial txuas hniav, nrog rau cov differentials. Cov iav ratios zog tib yam rau tag nrho peb kab teeb. mounting nkhaus yog tsim rau elliptical nplooj springs, tab sis yog tus raug tshem tawm yuav tsum yog ib tug pendulum nrog kauj springs thiab hydraulic poob siab absorbers.

Es tawv khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob, "Zil 157" choj uas muaj lub Brunt, yuam designers mus nrhiav kev daws teeb meem povyshayushie txhim khu kev qha tsheb ncua. tswvyim tau tsim sufficiently yooj yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha, uas yuav lub installation ntawm hydraulic poob siab absorbers.

Tag nrho cov ib nrab-line ntawm lub tsheb yog koom nrog cam khwb cia-hlau drums, uas yog ib feem ntawm lub "157" heev zoo braking system. Blocks ntawm universal khoom "feredo" ua hauj lwm flawlessly. Lub tsheb yog yuav luag tsis tshuav tsuj taw tias nyob rau hauv txoj kev, nres yog du thiab tsis muaj jerks, uas feem ntau yog nrog inhibition ntawm hnyav tsheb.

kho tsheb

Dua li ntawm qhov simplicity ntawm kev tsim kho thiab ntev kev pab cuam lub neej, "tus huab tais ntawm off-txoj kev" tej zaum so. Txawm li cas los, tam sim no cov tswv tsis txhob txhawj-struts tsheb spare qhov chaw "Zil 157" yog rau cov muag khoom nyob rau hauv txaus kom muaj nuj nqis. Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog zus tau tej cov tsheb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsheb thauj khoom, ua hauj lwm factories rau zus tau tej cov kho khoom siv. Thiab, raws li ib tug txoj cai, spare qhov chaw nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau nyob deb tshaj thov. Cov no yog cov nqi ntawm lub tswv yim npaj kev khwv nyiaj txiag, tab sis nws yog ua tsaug rau lawv hais tias hnub no koj yuav tau yuav luag txhua yam uas koj xav tau los kho lub tsheb.