ATX daim ntawv ceeb: txheej txheem cej luam, cov yam ntxwv thiab nta

Khoos phib tawj technology yog evolving. Nws yog hloov tus duab ntawm lub pab kiag li lawm, lawv qhov ntev thiab specifications. Niaj hnub no peb saib nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug tshaj plaws li daim ntawv ceeb, ATX thiab nws cov ntau yam - lub feem ntau nrov thiab sought tom qab.

Daim ntawv tshaj

Mus rau hauv tsab xov xwm lub npe, koj yuav tsum to taub qhov yooj yim lub tswvyim. Daim ntawv ceeb - standardization nrog hwm rau NWS khoom. Nrog nws koj muaj peev xwm txiav txim qhov loj ntawm lub ntaus ntawv, lub ntsiab kev ntsuas, lub xub ntiag ntawm ntxiv Cheebtsam thiab lawv qhov chaw nyob.

Tam sim no, hais txog cov daim ntawv ceeb, cov neeg nco ntsoov txog tus motherboard. Nyuam qhuav pib, lub sij hawm twb thov mus rau casing ntawm tus xov tooj, kev sib txuas lus cov khoom thiab lwm yam PC Cheebtsam.

Muab hais tias daim ntawv ceeb - ib tug zoo tswvyim, nws belongs rau qhov kev pom zoo tsis. Qhov ntawd yog vim lub Performance index, uas qhia ib tug tej yam daim ntawv ceeb, nws yog ua tau kom paub tias cov yuav tsum tau thiab tsis teb los tsis. Lub developers tseem tabtom noj rau kev tso tus qauv thiab coj lawv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov kev tsim nyog cov khoom siv.

hom

ATX daim ntawv ceeb tsis yog tus qauv Cheebtsam. Tab sis qhov kev xaiv no yog qhov kev thov rau loj zus tau tej cov PC. Nws thawj lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb no pom nyob rau hauv 1995, thiab cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus ntawm no architecture tau ua ntawm Intel. Yav tas los muaj cov qauv XT, AT thiab tus me nyuam-AT, uas nyob rau hauv 1983 qhia los ntawm IBM.

ATX daim ntawv ceeb hom cuam tshuam hloov tsos qauv. Lawv pib tshwm abbreviated hom ntawv, nrog rau ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm slots thiab ib tug compact loj. Los ntawm 2005, lub mobile txheem tau tsim, optimized processors.

Chaw ua hauj lwm computers, dhau lawm, pib kom equip lub ntau yam ntawm tej yam qauv. Lawv pib tshwm boards uas tau siv nyob rau hauv txoj industries. Tej kev hloov kho ntawm tus txheej txheem los ua lub npe hu nyob rau hauv 2004. ATX daim ntawv ceeb reincarnated nyob rau hauv SSI CEB, DTX, BTX, thiab li ntawd.

ATX

Qhov no daim ntawv ceeb tau ua nrov nyob rau hauv 1995, tab sis lub feem ntau lug siv txij li thaum xyoo 2001. Tus txheem tau ua hom nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm PC. Nws muaj feem xyuam tsis tau tsuas yog qhov loj ntawm lub laug cam, los yog lwm yam. ATX PSU dictates ib tug standard PC cov ntaub ntawv, kev tso kawm slots thiab connectors, zoo lawm thiab qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub slots, mounting thiab lub hwj chim mov xaiv.

Intel tau ntev xav txog li cas yuav tsum yog tus continuation ntawm lub AT daim ntawv ceeb. By 1995, developers tau hais ib hom tshuaj tshiab ATX txheem. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus no lub tuam txhab, nyob rau hloov cov kev xav ntawm outdated qauv lwm manufacturers uas tau nkag OEM-khoom. Tom qab tus txheej txheem tshiab tau tshaj los ntawm cov neeg uas nkag rau hauv lub motherboard thiab fais fab mov.

Thoob plaws feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej, 12 specifications raug tso tawm. ATX daim ntawv ceeb txheem ntau thiab tsawg pab muaj: nyob rau hauv mm - 305 x 244 nti - 12 x 9.6. Modifications uas tau ua nyob rau hauv ntau lub npe tau tsim raws li nyob rau hauv lub ATX, tiam sis yuav tau sib txawv nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso kawm ntawm ports, thiab thiaj li tag nrho cov qhov ntev. D.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 2003, Intel xav ua kom paub BTX. Qhov no tshiab qauv yog zoo txias PC system unit. Developers xav kom tshem tau maj mam nrog ATX kev lag luam, uas khaws cia ib tug siab thaum tshav kub kub hauv lub system. Tab sis txawm xws li ib tug txaus ntshai raws li overheating ntawm cov tag nrho lub cev, tsis pab mus rau qhov tseeb hais tias zoo hloov cov hom ntawv rau BTX.

Feem ntau cov manufacturers tau tsis kam mus faib nws li qis hwj chim dissipation, tsom zoo tau nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej yog tseem tau mus cuag tau zoo ntawm txias lub tsev tsis muaj kev hloov tus txheej txheem. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, los ntawm 2011 nws los ua tseeb hais tias yuav hloov tau lub ATX daim ntawv ceeb yog tsis tsim nyog.

Lub ntsiab kev hloov

Yog li ntawd kev vam meej inventions nyob rau hauv daim teb no yog tsis tsim nyog tus tos. Tus neeg siv tau txais loj hloov txog yav dhau los version ntawm lub AT. CPU fais fab mov los ua kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub motherboard. Nws tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv standby hwj chim txawm twb muab tua. Materinka ua hauj lwm cov kev tswj chav tsev thiab ob peb peripheral pab kiag li lawm.

Los ua tau hloov kiv cua nyob rau hauv lub loj thiab ntau muab nws qab PSU. Cov huab cua khiav yuav ntau haib thiab npog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub system unit. Nws hloov lub xov tooj ntawm revolutions, thiab raws li, thiab cov suab nrov. Thaum lub sij hawm, muaj ib tug ib txwm mus rau qhov chaw lub hwj huam mov rau hauv qab ntawm lub vaj tse.

khoom noj khoom haus

Hloov cov daim ntawv ceeb hloov tau coj lub hwj chim connector hom. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog qhov fact tias nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los cov hom ntawv uas ob tug uas zoo sib xws connectors mus rau hauv unsupported slots, uas yog vim li cas ib tug system tsis ua hauj lwm tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm ua lub hwj huam noj, nws yog tsim nyog los nce tus naj npawb ntawm lub hwj chim tiv tauj. Developers pib nrog 20, tom qab ntawd lawv ua ntau thiab muaj ntxiv connectors.

interface vaj huam sib luag

Interface Vaj Huam Sib Luag ua freer. Yav tas los, muaj ib tug qhov rau lub keyboard, thiab mus rau hauv lub qhov teeb nqi rau qhov extension. ATX daim ntawv ceeb ntxiv mus rau lub qhov rau lub keyboard tso tus ntaus ntawv. Dawb cheeb tsam nyob lub "ntxi" ntawm ib tug zoo loj, me, qhov twg lub developers muab cov kev tsim nyog slots.

Basic fais fab mov

Sib nrug los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias muaj yog ib tug motherboard ATX daim ntawv ceeb, yuav pom thiab PSU cov txuj no. Txij li thaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hom ntawd kub ntev li cuaj xyoos, thaum lub sij hawm uas lub sij hawm lub developers tau sim tsis tau tsuas yog los mus hloov lub connector, tab sis kuj ua rau nws tau tshaj yav dhau los cov ntaub ntawv.

Yog li, chiv thov mus rau connector 20, lub hwj chim tiv tauj. Qhov kev xaiv no tau nrov ua ntej lub advent ntawm motherboard nrog PCI-Express tsheb npav. Tom qab ntawd tuaj ib connector nrog 24 pins. Qhov kev xaiv no yog txaus siab mus rau lub yav dhau los version, "lawm" 4 pins yuav raug tshem tawm, thiab lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yuav ua hauj lwm nrog nees nkaum.

CPU hloov

Thaum lawv pib tshwm tshiab pentium 4 thiab Athlon 64, nws yog tsim nyog los txhim kho cov txheej txheem rau version 2.0. Yog li, motherboard demanded rau cov ntsiab tsheb npav 12 V fais fab mov, ATX daim ntawv ceeb uas yog tseem tshiab rau lub thib ob version, yuav tsum tau txais ntxiv connector. Yog li ntawd, yog ib tug ntxiv qhov rau lwm 4-nawj.

Ces nws pib tshwm embodiments nrog complex hu. Piv txwv li, 24 + 4 + 6-ncej connector tau thov rau cov mainboard uas tau txais ntau yam PCI-E 16x ports. A 24 + 4 + 4-ncej yeej muaj ntxiv 8-pin connector, uas muaj ob tug slots ntawm 4 hu. Yog li ntawd nws twb siv rau motherboards uas muaj ib tug muaj hwj huam noj.

Xws li ib tug tov nrog ib tug ua ke ntawm ob connectors ntawm 4 hu yog vim tsis mus rau deprive cov neeg siv mus txuas rau cov laus qauv motherboard. Yog li, muaj ib zaug xwb connector yog unfastened los ntawm lwm yam, thiab peb tau 24 + 4-pin cable.

tsev nyob

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus BP thiab motherboard, thiab nws muaj ib tug tej yam standardization lub cev. ATX daim ntawv ceeb nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov feem ntau niaj hnub thiab haum rau mainboards ntawm tib yam loj. Xws li ib tug vaj tsev yuav tsum tau yooj yim nkag tau mus rau tag nrho cov sab hauv periphery. Nws muaj zoo heev cua sab hauv. Nws tso cai rau koj rau nruab ntau dua ib tug full-size boards.

Nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub tib lub npe, nyob rau hauv lub ATX chassis yuav muab tso motherboard micro-ATX hom. Luv luv txog cov txuj no yuav tsum tau tham tom qab.

compact version

Daim ntawv ceeb micro-ATX nyob me ntsis tom qab tshaj lub ntsiab txheem - nyob rau hauv 1997. Lub motherboard ntawm no hom ntawv yog 244 x 244 hli. Option yog tsim rau processors nrog lub x 86 architecture twb outdated.

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev kom nws tau txiav txim siab kom qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov neeg kho tshuab compatibility nrog rau yav tas los txheem. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub ntsiab qhov txawv yog qhov ntev cards, slots thiab kev peripherals. Micro-ATX market nrog ib tug kev graphics card, li no denoting lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov no tus qauv. PC nrog rau hauv daim ntawv tshaj suited rau chav ua hauj lwm thiab tsis tsim rau gamer tej yaam num raws li kev graphics nruab nrab.

lwm yam kev xaiv

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub ATX thiab micro-ATX, muaj ib daim ntawv-qhov zoo tshaj mini-ATX, uas tam sim no tsis tau pom qhov twg lwm. nws loj - 284 x 208 hli. Nws nyob FlexATX, uas muaj qhov ntev ntawm 244 x 190 hli. Qhov no kev hloov kho yog saj zawg zog thiab tso cai rau lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus rau kev txiav txim siab ntau teeb meem.

Yog li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm xaiv qhov luaj li cas thiab qhov chaw ntawm PD. Mus koom nyob rau hauv lub tsim txog tus tshiab processor technologies. Tab sis qhov kev xaiv no yog tsis muaj peev xwm "sib ntaus sib tua" nrog ATX thiab tseem nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau.