Automation - qhov kev kawm ntawm kev tswj uas tsis muaj tib cov kev pab

Tib neeg lub siab xav mus hloov lub hnyav monotonous ua hauj lwm rau lub xub pwg nyom ntawm cov cav tov thiab mechanisms yog ncaj qha txog li ntawd, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, ib tug tsis muaj hmoo feature ntawm psychology li laziness. Txawm li cas los, tej ntaus ntawv yuav tsum tau tswj, uas yog, ntawm chav kawm, nws yog yooj yim dua ua hauj lwm rau kuv tus kheej, tab sis kuj yuav tsis yooj yim.

Yog li ntawd, yog ib tug science, uas nws lub npe yog muab los ntawm ob Greek lus lub ntsiab lus "nws tus kheej" thiab "kev txiav txim." Yog li, automation - ib tug system ntawm kev txawj ntse, uas yuam kom cov tshuab ua hauj lwm tsis muaj kev pab tib neeg. Qhov no kev qhuab qhia yog kawm ntawm kev universities thiab reputed cov me nyuam kawm ntawv tsis yog tsawg nyuab tshaj lub proverbial "termehu". Thiab tsis muaj zem, mus kawm cov kev tshawb xav ntawm tsis siv neeg tswj (TAU) yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau ib tug zoo heev txog qib uas kawm nyob rau hauv kev kawm leb siab thiab physics.

Automation ntawm ntau lawm yog ib kov, los yog tag nrho kev, txawv nyob rau hauv cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kev tsis sib haum ntawm tus txiv neej los ntawm tus txheej txheem tswj cov txheej txheem. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas yog nws thoob plaws economic feasibility li zoo raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev cov khoom yog cheaper dua cov neeg ua hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los, kev lawm hais tias qhov zoo tshaj ntawm tiav lawm cov khoom yog tseem ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov mob uas tus tib neeg zoo tshaj yog tsis tshua.

Yog hais tias peb kawm no ziag no nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim zog daim ntawv no, nws yog hais tsis yog li ntawd nyuaj, tseem ceeb tshaj, kawm nws yooj yim lub tswv yim. Chief sij hawm TAU - tus kwv uas tswj, uas yog, tej ntaus raug los yog tsev neeg lub hom phiaj, ib co ntawm cov tsis uas yuav tsum tau kav lub automation. Qhov no tej zaum yuav, piv txwv li, ib tug tank nyob rau hauv uas cov kua theem los yog qhov kub thiab txias tsim nyog kom muaj ib tug muab cov neeg. Qhov thaiv daim duab sawv cev los ntawm tsab ntawv "A".

Qhov thib ob ntaus, tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov kev tswj Circuit Court yog ib tug sensor. Yog tsis muaj nws, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus txiav txim rau lub xeev ntawm lub cev, xws li cov nqi ntawm cov zis parameter (nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, qib los yog kub). Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug xiav vajvoog.

Ib tug thib peb ntaus ntawv, tsis muaj uas nws yuav tsis Automation, - ib tug regulator (β). Nws yuav ua tau heev yooj yim (on-tawm), raws li nyob rau hauv piv txwv li hlau, los yog complex, uas sawv cev rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob unit nrog lub configuration muab ib tug tshwj xeeb algorithm (proportional, proportional-ib los yog proportional-ib-differential). tsis siv neeg tswj hauj lwm yog los tsim ib tug tswj lub teeb liab nkag mus rau hauv lub plaub thiab lub xeem contour caij - ib tug Actuator (MI). Txawm lub intricate tswvyim ntawm tag nrho cov system, yog hais tias nws txiav txim siab yog tsis nqa tawm, nws yuav tsis ua hauj lwm. MI xws vajvoog ntawm dawb xim, thiab cov cim "+" thiab "-" sawv cev rau ib tug tsis zoo xwm ntawm lub tswv yim, nws yog tus txheem ntawm nws ua ntawm kev hloov lub tso zis chaw.

Nyob rau hauv no cov tswvyim ua hauj lwm nrog txhua automation dab nyob rau hauv tej lag luam. Dua li ntawm qhov khees simplicity, nws yog zoo, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ib txhij txhua txoj kev tshawb no ntawm tag nrho cov nta ntawm cov chaw tswj. Lub fact tias lawv, ib yam li cov neeg, hnov mob txawv mus rau lub ntxaug ntau yam (thiaj li hu ua cov kws txawj rau automation ntau yam destabilizing yam). Ua ntej, tag nrho lawv muaj ib lub sij hawm lag. Ob, cov kis coefficient, piv txwv li lub efficiency ntawm tej yam kuj txawv rau txawv tej khoom. Thiab cov kev ceev ntawm "acceleration" ntawm txhua txawv tswj channel.

Tom qab lub characterization thiab tswj los ua ke thiab lwm yam uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob ntev pib, uas xaus automation. Qhov no hloov thiab qhov chaw.