Bureaucracy - yog ...

Bureaucracy - yog (lus) "Nyob Ruaj Ruaj domination." Nyob rau socio-thoj taw tes ntawm view cov tswvyim no characterizes tus txheej txheem ntawm realization ntawm lub hwj chim privileged neeg xaiv los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim hauv chav kawm ntawv. Bureaucracy - ib daim ntawv uas sawv nyob rau hauv lub siv tsis raws cai haiv neeg nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev faib ntawm cov neeg mus rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, xws li ib tug lub xeev yog tsim, cov qauv ntawm cov uas lub exploiters noj lawv nyiam raws li qhov kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg.

Bureaucracy thiab liab daim kab xev - daim ntawv thiab cov qauv ntawm cov tswj los ntawm bureaucracy los yog ua hauj lwm, txiav tawm los ntawm zej zog thiab sawv tshaj nws. Yam ntxwv nta ntawm no administrative qauv - caste, kev rho tawm, standardization dej num formalization hluav thawj kauj ruam. Raws li Marx, lub bureaucracy - yog lub transformation ntawm lub xeev paub tab nyob rau hauv chaw ua hauj lwm, los yog vice versa. Qhov no kev tswj daim ntawv tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov formal hom phiaj qhov txhia chaw nkag mus rau hauv tej teeb meem nrog rau cov hom phiaj xav zoo zoo. Qhov ntawd yog lub hom phiaj ntawm bureaucracy, raws li Marx.

Nrog varied thiab hloov kev tswj hauv daim ntawv ntawm socio-economic formations. Raws li cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm nco ntsoov, lub bureaucracy tau cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus qhev system. Nws yog ib tug complex hierarchy ntawm txoj haujlwm thiab lub cev. Nyob rau hauv feudal lub xeev nws twb tseem muab faib "chaw ua hauj lwm" tshuab. Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tau muab rau lub tsev teev ntuj bureaucracy.

Txawm li cas los, feem ntau ntawm daim ntawv no ntawm kev tswj tau mus txog rau hauv ib lub capitalist zej zog. Nrog rau ib tug uas nws kim heev network ntawm cov tub rog, tub ceev xwm thiab kev lub cev nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov haiv neeg sawv nom tswv ob tog, ntau yam uas tsis yog-tsoom fwv cov koom haum ua teb bourgeois, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm division ntawm tus thawj tswj apparatus.

Rau pre-capitalist formations manifestation ntawm bureaucracy yog raug xwb nyob rau hauv cov nom tswv ib cheeb. Tom qab (tom qab lub tsim ntawm capitalist haiv neeg), daim ntawv no ntawm kev koom penetrated rau hauv kev lub neej.

Tshwj xeeb strengthening bureaucracy sau tseg nyob rau hauv lub imperialist lub sij hawm. Rau no era twb tsiag ntawv los ntawm merger ntawm lub monopolies thiab lub xeev apparatus. Yog li, lub xeev bureaucracy ua ke nrog monopolistic ntsis uas pab mloog zoo nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm nws cov nyiaj txiag thiab kev nom kev tswv lub hwj chim. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm cov qauv no yog lub xub ntiag ntawm thiaj li hu ua "koom haum uas tswj" yog neeg thawj coj. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog ib tug tshiab bureaucratic txheej. Qhov no huab administrative ntaub ntawv yog autocratic qauv Nazi hom.

Ib txhia sociologists (adherents ntawm lub bourgeoisie), nrhiav kev los nrhiav pov thawj rau intensification ntawm bureaucracy nyob rau hauv kev kawm capitalism, feem ntau xa mus rau lub yooj yim ntawm cov kev tswj qauv raws li ib tug tag nrho thiab cov yuav tsum tau siv ib tug hierarchical system, streamlining thiab rationalizing. Yog li, yog qhov qhia kom paub txog "clerical domination" nrog rau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm coj noj coj ua thiab cov koom haum. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib co sau phau ntawv taw tes kom paub tias qhov yuav tsum tau rau tsim ntawm lub coj qauv nyob rau hauv txawv spheres ntawm lub neej kev tshwm sim nyob rau txhua theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov haiv neeg thiab yuav muaj mus ntxiv kom tshwm sim. Yog li dominance bureaucracy tsim rau hauv ib chav kawm ntawv lub neej thiab disappears los ntawm xa lub duas paub sib txawv.

Raws li muab sau los ntawm sociologists, lub tsev lag luam ntawm ib tug yeej muaj tseeb kev cai ywj pheej yog incompatible nrog cov "bureaucratic domination". Nyob rau hauv Marx lub view, cov tshem tawm ntawm bureaucracy yuav tau muab qhov tseeb hloov ntawm lub tuam paj nyob rau hauv particular. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nws ua lub ntsiab xav tau kev pab ntawm cov neeg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub tshem tawm ntawm lub remnants ntawm cov bureaucracy yog tsis siv neeg nrog rau cov abolition ntawm daim ntawv no nws tus kheej. Rau tag nrho tshem tawm ntawm tag nrho nws cov nta yuav tsum tseem ceeb thiab systematic ua hauj lwm.