Composer Saleri Antonio: biography, creativity. Antonio Salieri thiab Mozart

Lub npe Antonio Salieri yog txuam nrog Mozart thiab nws txoj kev tuag. Tab sis tus txiv neej no yog ib tug zoo lub tshuab raj, uas tau sau ntau tshaj 40 ua yeeb yam thiab tso tawm nyob rau hauv lub neej ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm. Raws li hloov zuj zuj raws li lub composer lub neej?

thaum yau

Hais txog qhov kev thaum ntxov xyoo ntawm nws lub neej Salieri sau nws tus kheej, tawm hauv lub tsev hais plaub chaw muag mis nyuj sau ntawv. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias lub yim hli ntuj 18, 1750 nyob rau hauv ib tug me me lub zos nyob ze Verona Legnago me nyuam tub - Antonio Salieri. Nws biography twb tsis Ameslikas xav suab paj nruas paths. Nws tsev neeg twb koom nyob rau hauv cov lag luam tawm, tab sis cov me nyuam raug muab kev kawm ntawv, thiab tus tij laug, Antonio, uas kawm txog cov suab paj nruag, qhia thawj zaj lus qhia hauv lub neej yav tom ntej composer. Txawm li cas los, tsev neeg idyll tsis kav ntev. Thaum tus tub muaj 13 xyoo, nws leej niam tuag. Tom qab hais tias nws mus tsis muaj nyiaj thiab nws tus txiv tau tuag lawm, thiab cov me nyuam tau noj tam sim ntawd los ntawm cov txheeb ze. Tej lub sij hawm Salieri nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj nyiaj tsev neeg nyob rau hauv Venice nrog nws txiv tus phooj ywg. Lawv npaj mus muab nws ib tug loj suab paj nruas kev kawm ntawv, raws li pom nws unconditional lub hwj chim.

Ntawd rau ua lag ua luam nyob rau hauv Venice ntawm lub sij hawm no tuaj Florian Gassmann, lub tsev hais plaub composer, neeg xyuas pib ntawm huab tais Yauxej II. Nws pom Salieri zoo suab paj nruas xav thiab coj nws nrog nws mus rau Vienna muab nws ib tug zoo kev kawm ntawv.

Pib ib lub neej tshiab nyob rau hauv Austria

Lub rau hli ntuj 15, 1766, Antonio tuaj rau Vienna, uas los ua ib tug tiag tiag hauv tsev rau nws. Tom qab tag nrho, ntawm no nws tau koob meej, ua ua npau suav ntawm ua. Gassman mob siab coj li txoj kev kawm ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv, nws tau caw nws tuaj rau cov xib fwb thiab tshooj lus nyob rau hauv counterpoint muab nws tus kheej. Salieri kawm plaub hom lus, nws kawm tau mus nyeem tau music, ua si ob peb seev suab paj nruas. Gassman sim ua kom Antonio tsis tau tsuas yog kev txawj ntse, tab sis kuj cov txiv neej ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Nws qhia nws tus cwj pwm zoo, cov lus qhia kom, muaj peev xwm mus nqa nyob rau ib tug sib tham. Qhov kawg ntawm lub neej ntawm ib tug kawm Salieri nws hais tias nws yog tus tshaj plaws ntawv tshuab raj nyob rau hauv Vienna.

Gassman tau ua tswvcuab nws protégé nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm cov feem ntau feemxyuam neeg uas lub sij hawm. Nws yog nws paub Gluck Salieri, uas muaj ib tug tseem ceeb cawv rau cov tsim ntawm lub tshuab raj. Maecenas kuj nkag tau me nyuam kawm ntawv huab tais Yauxej, uas empathized nrog gifted hluas. Tus sawv cev ntawm tus naas ej Habsburg heev fond ntawm cov suab paj nruag thiab zoo-versed nyob rau hauv nws, lub tsev hais plaub tsim ib suab paj nruag rhiav, uas yog tus cij thiab Salieri. Nws tau los ua ib tug platform rau yav tom ntej ntawm nws ci ntsa iab hauj lwm nyob rau lub tsev hais plaub.

Suab paj nruas hauj lwm

Saleri Antonio, tseem nyob rau hauv ltalis, pib compose music, tab sis hais txog kev ua hauj lwm muaj peev xwm tsuas hais nyob rau hauv lub Viennese lub sij hawm. Aspiring tshuab raj ua ib qho kev pab rau nws patron thiab tau txais me me kev txiav txim rau kev kho, zoo mus rau hauv lub opera, sau ntawv instrumental daim. Rau 20 xyoo tom qab lub novice composer twb muaj ib tug opera "Educated cov poj niam", uas nws tau sau nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog Boccherini. Nws tau muaj ib co kev vam meej, thiab nws tau muab tso rau tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv Vienna, tiam sis kuj nyob rau hauv Prague. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, Antonio yog tus sau ob peb instrumental tej hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd Salieri libretto los ntawm Boccherini sau lwm comic opera. Nws muaj peev xwm qhia lawv tus kheej heev kev vam meej debut, thiab tom qab ntawd nws cov hauj lwm yog cia li mus.

Tej hauj lwm 'Fair Venice "," tus tswv tsev so "," Armida "Salieri kom sustainable kev vam meej thiab muaj koob meej thoob plaws teb chaws Europe, nws opera" Yeluxalees Tauj "tau txawm tau staged nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg.

Nyob rau hauv 1774, nws tuag cov xib fwb thiab tswj ntawm Salieri - Florian Gassmann, thiab Antonio "pub" tau txais ib qho chaw Kapellmeister ntawm lub Italian opera lub tuam txhab thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm chamber music composer. Rau ib tug tub hluas 24 xyoo, nws yog ib tug loj loj hauj lwm leap. Tab sis lub tsev hais plaub cov kev pab yog tsis heev txhim khu kev qha, thiab cov tshuab raj ua ib tug nyob los ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab staging yeeb yam rau ntau theaters nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1778 tus naas ej ua yeeb yam "La Scala", rebuilt tom qab ib tug tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv Milan, qhib lub opera lub caij Salieri.

Lub composer ua hauj lwm nyuaj nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm tus niaj hnub tuaj saib, tab sis nws kuj yog xav nyob rau hauv lub kho kom zoo ntawm lub opera, uas Gluck. Nws txawm sau ob peb tseem ceeb tej hauj lwm, tsim glyukovskie txoj hauj lwm.

Nyob rau hauv lub 80s ib tug ntau ntawm Salieri thiab sib koom nrog rau cov Parisian ua yeeb yam "Comédie Française" thiab cov Opera tsev ua yeeb yam. Nws tsim cov opera "Tarar" nyob rau libretto ntawm tus naas ej Beaumarchais, uas ua lug paub, twb heev qhuas los ntawm critics thiab muaj ib tug tseem ceeb feem nyob rau tag nrho European music.

Nyob rau hauv 1788, Saleri Antonio raug tsa Kapellmeister ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Yauxej II. Nws yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws kev luj xyuas ntawm nqis thiab txuj ci ntawm lub composer. Nws muaj kev tswj kom nyob twj ywm ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm lub Habsburgs thiab tom ntej no ob monarchs. Nws courtly hauj lwm Salieri tiav nyob rau hauv 1824, thaum noj qab haus huv tsis pub nws mus ua cov hauj lwm.

Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, lub composer sau 40 ua yeeb yam, concerts thiab ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm instrumental tej hauj lwm ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab chamber music.

Salieri siv zog npaum thiab nyiaj muab rau cov kev txuag thiab nce qib ntawm lub tswv yim cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm nws tus siab zoo - Florian Gassmann, nws kuj muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm ntawv ntawm nws tus ntxhais, los ntawm uas loj hlob ib tug zoo heev soloist ntawm lub operatic theem.

loj tej hauj lwm

Yog hais tias koj saib kev vam meej thiab tsim composer nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov suab paj nruag, ib tug ntawm cov neeg yog Antonio Salieri, albums nrog tej hauj lwm uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov suab paj nruag qiv ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Nws ua yeeb yam thiab niaj hnub no tseem yuav tau khiav, thiab ntau tsim yaam tshab ntawm lub composer yog txoj kev rau nws lub sij hawm, uas lawv hu ib tug evolutionary kauj ruam nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no lub suab paj nruag. Qhov loj tshaj tej hauj lwm ntawm Saleri Antonio yog "Tarar" Opera, "Danaus", "Aksur huab tais ntawm Hormuz," "Falstaff" thiab "Requiem" thiab ib txhia chamber daim.

Educational kev ua si

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus composing ua hauj lwm Saleri Antonio ntau kev rau siab mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Nws tsim nws tus kheej txoj kev ntawm kev npaj ntawm musicians, nws kev sib raug zoo nrog cov Trust yog puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev xav. Nto moo tub kawm ntawv ntawm Antonio Salieri - Liszt, Beethoven, Czerny, Meyerbeer, Schubert. Tag nrho huvsi nws ua txog rau teb musicians - composers thiab hu nkauj.

Antonio Salieri thiab Mozart: cov phooj ywg los yog foes?

Lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg hais txog kev tua neeg ntawm Mozart yog ib tug tiag tiag foom rau Salieri. Lus xaiv muaj nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, lub composer lub neej, thiab caum nws kom txog thaum nws tuag. Tswvyim hais ua dabneeg los ua ntau tej chaw, xws li vim lub feemxyuam txawj ua Pushkin thiab Schaeffer, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th thiab M. Forman. Txawm li cas los, cov kev muaj tiag yog deb heev los ntawm cov zajlus dab neeg. Salieri sib koom nrog Mozart, ua ib tug ua tau zoo ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. Lawv twb tsis kaw cov phooj ywg, tab sis ib tug ntau ntawm cov uas hais tau lus, thiab Salieri tsis muaj yog vim li cas tua, vim hais tias thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej nws yog ntau npaum li cas vam meej tshaj Mozart.

Lwm tus lub neej ntawm lub composer

Nyob rau hauv dog dig lub neej, Salieri, Antonio yog li kev vam meej raws li nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv 1775 nws tau txais txij nkawm thiab nyob kaj siab lug tag nrho nws lub neej nrog tus poj niam nws hu ua nws lub ntsiab kev hlub. Lawv muaj 8 tus me nyuam. Theresa tus poj niam tuag lawm 18 xyoo ua ntej lawm Salieri, thiab nws mus ntsib tsis tau nws kom txog thaum lub heev kawg ntawm nws lub neej.