Cov nroj tsuag cell yog ib lub tsev chav tsev ntawm ib tug sia - cov nroj tsuag. Nws muaj yam uas niaj hnub muaj rau tag nrho cov eukaryotic kab mob: nucleus, cytoplasm, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, microtubules. Txawm li cas los, cov cog ntawm tes muaj ib tug txawv - yog lub xub ntiag ntawm plastids, lub vacuole thiab cov cellulose phab ntsa.
Nws theem ua ke tag nrho cov organelles ntawm nws tus kheej thiab koom nyob rau hauv lub metabolism ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb semi ciaj ntawm cov neeg elementary tsev (cell) - lub cytoplasm. cytoplasm es nyuab qauv. Nws yog ib tug multicomponent colloidal tshuaj uas muaj peev xwm hloov los ntawm tus huab rau gel. Tag nrho cell yog penetrated los ntawm protein filaments tias ua li tus cytoskeleton ntxwv tsev. Nws comprises dej, uas tso nyiaj rau los ntawm 60 mus rau 90% ntawm tag nrho cov hnyav nqaijrog (10-20%) thiab lipids (mus txog 23%), raws li zoo raws li organic thiab inorganic tshuaj. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub cytoplasm mus rau hauv lub cell lub neej yog zoo heev:
- nws yog qhov nruab nrab nyob rau hauv uas tshuaj tshua;
- Nws tau raug kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub metabolism;
- Nws koom tes turgor thiab thermoregulation;
- ua ib tug txhawb muaj nuj nqi, nws yuav pab tswj tau cell zoo.
Impact on semi-khoom nruab nrab hlwb muaj thiab lwm yam - kub, lub teeb, cua muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntawm cov dej. Tag nrho cov no ncaj qha muaj feem xyuam rau lub zog ntawm tus cytoplasm, qhov twg nws yog ib txwm nyob rau hauv. By tsiv lub colloidal tov nrog cov as-ham (oxygen, ATP etc.) elementary tsev ntawm nyob lub cev nyob ua ib ke. Tseem ceeb heev functions ntawm lub hlwb nqa plurality ntawm muaj sia muaj dab. Hwj chim nyob lub cev ntxwv tsev tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm biochemical kev tig cev, uas ua rau inorganic tshuaj yog hloov mus rau hauv cov organic. Ua pa oxygen cog ntawm tes, tsim thaum lub sij hawm lub oxidation ntawm complex tshuaj - carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids. Ib txhij thaum lub sij hawm ua pa tshwm sim synthesis thiab tso tawm ntawm lub zog tau los txhawb nqa lub neej. Cov nroj tsuag cell nce los ntawm kev ncab cellulosic phab ntsa thiab qhov kev nce nyob rau hauv volume ntawm lub cytoplasm thiab vacuoles.
Ua ke, tag nrho cov ntawm cov uas tseem ceeb heev dab yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub metabolism, lub ntsiab essence ntawm uas - lub tsim ntawm cov khoom tshiab, lawv decomposition mus rau hauv me Cheebtsam, tshem tawm ntawm lwj cov khoom uas hlwb los yog tso rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cia tshuaj. Rho tawm tsis tseem ceeb rau lwm tshwm sim los ntawm tus xovtooj ntawm phab ntsa, thaum tsiv, them nyiaj (tsim) ntawm tus tshiab cov lug yog ua los ntawm lub zog ntawm tus cytoplasm.
muab lawv los mus faib cov tseem ceeb feature yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub hlwb. Cov tshwm sim ntawm tus txheej txheem no - lub tsim ntawm ob structural units affiliated nyob lub cev, uas muaj ib tug txheej ntawm chromosomes, zoo tib yam rau cov niam txiv.
Yog li, cov nroj tsuag cell yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws nyob qauv lub cev, nws yuav, nqus pa, teb stimuli, nce, propagated, thiab cov cytoplasm thiab organelles raus nyob rau hauv nws muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv metabolism.