Dekabrist Kahovskiy Petr Grigorevich: biography thiab nthuav tseeb

Ib tug ntawm tsib tseg rau Kronverk Peter thiab Paul Fortress yog ib tug Lavxias teb sab nobleman PG Kakhovka. Tab sis nws thiaj li tshwm sim uas nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau ntau ntawm cov Decembrists, thiab txawm mus rau cov neeg uas muab nws tu siab txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg raug txim mus rau txoj kev tuag, nws sawv ib yam dab tsi kiag li cais. Muaj pov thawj hais tias ua ntej lub tua ntawm plaub rau lwm tus neeg puag raws li cov kwv tij, raws li nws sawv rau ntawm lub sidelines. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas cov tib Ryleev nws stipulated lub interrogations rau - yog tsis muaj direct pov thawj txog leej twg nyob rau hauv cov ntshav mess rau lub Senate Square mortally pig Miloradovich, tab sis ob peb yav tas los "comrades" tsom nws yog ib tug retired lieutenant. Leej twg nws yog li ntawd?

Kakhovskaya Lavxias teb sab kev pab cuam

Kahovskiy Petr Grigorevich (1797-1826), yug nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm cev hloov hlo Smolensk xeev - ib tug xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm ob es ancient tsev neeg. Txiv nws belongs rau Nechuy-Kakhovsky. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsev neeg no yog Ameslikas los ntawm lub Czech koom pheej thiab Poland, ib co kev uas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua XVII kis mus rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Romanov pab rau siab ntseeg thiab tsis muaj kev tsov kev rog, uas yuav muaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no zoo - lawv excelled ntawm Narva, nyob rau hauv lub Xya Xyoo 'ua tsov ua rog thiab lub annexation ntawm lub Crimea, nyob rau hauv lub storming ntawm Izmail thiab Swiss phiaj los nqis tes ntawm Suvorov. Ib tug ntawm lawv, namely Alexander Kakhovsky yog adjutant Generalissimo AV Suvorov. Nyob rau hauv lub "Rau siab loj" siab tawv Mihail Kahovsky twb muab cov riam phom. Ob tug Kakhovskaya qib ntawm generals coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub wars tiv thaiv Napoleon.

muaj koob muaj npe ntshav

Niam M. Nymphodora tau koom rau cov Smolensk ceg ntawm nqaij mos lwj tsuav. Ib tug interesting tseeb yog cov lus dab neeg uas yog zoo li nqaij mos lwj tsuav los ntawm cov muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg O'Leynov, uas kav ib zaug nyob rau hauv Ireland. Thaum tus tawm tsam rau hauv lub crown ntawm cov vaj ntxwv tus tub tshuav nws tus muam nyob rau hauv ib lub tawb nrog cov tsiaj qus, uas spared lub kev zoo nkauj, thiab nyob rau hauv rov qab bears nws tsiv mus rau Fabkis. Cov dab neeg no yog thaws rov los nyob rau hauv lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm nqaij mos lwj tsuav, qhov chaw uas yog xwm li nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus ntxhais fuabtais bears.

Tsis mus rau lub tsev hais plaub

Yog li, nws yuav sib cav hais tias Kahovskiy Petr Grigorevich nyob rau hauv keeb kwm tau koom rau cov "zoo kawg nkaus Lavxias teb sab surnames". Thiab nws cov ntshav tsis yog tsawg xiav tshaj ib tug uas ntws nyob rau hauv cov leeg ntawm Galitzine, Trubetskoy, Volkonsky thiab Obolensky, uas nws cov neeg sawv cev kuj tau koom nyob rau hauv lub hlis ntuj nqeg uprising. Txawm li cas los, lawv yog kho raws li outsiders Kakhovsky thiab txawm shunned nws. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no, thaj, yog huab thiab nws cov neeg txom nyem, thiab ncaj qha, passionate kev npau taws.

Txo rau qhov zoo ibyam

Kev Kawm Ntawv Kahovskiy Petr Grigorevich yog heev dlej - Noble nce tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Moscow University yog ib tug nce tsev kawm ntawv rau cov tub hluas los ntawm noble tsev neeg ntawm Lavxias teb sab nom tswv cajceg. Thiab lub neej tiv thaiv Jaeger tso kom muaj kab muaj kev, ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm uas yog tus legendary PI Bagration thiab qhov chaw uas Kakhovsky nkag mus hauv cadet yog prestigious. Tab sis tus tub hluas coj ib yam nkaus li ntawd, maj mam uas nyob rau ntawm koj tus kheej kev txiav txim ntawm Grand tub huabtais Constantine Pavlovich twb demoted rau qhov zoo ibyam, vim hais tias cov kev pab cuam tsom laziness, thiab nyob rau hauv dlej tsev coj ib yam nkaus nrov thiab filthy, thiab ib tug Confectioner lub khw tsis tau them.

tub rog Glossary

Gambler thiab brawler nyob rau hauv 1816 xa mus los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus tswv xeev General Zhemchuzhnikova nyob rau hauv lub 7 Chasseurs tso kom muaj kab muaj kev nyob rau hauv lub Caucasus. Ntawm no Kahovskiy Petr Grigorevich sai sai Rose mus rau qib Lieutenant (1821). Tab sis xyoo no nws tus mob twb raug xa mus rau lub peb hlis so rau nws cov haiv neeg Smolensk xeev. Tom qab ntawd nws mus rau mob resign.

Cov neeg pluag, yog li ntawd muaj leej twg hlub

Muaj ntau ntau indications uas Kakhovsky yog ib tug heev kho siab txiv neej, thiab nws twb tsis muaj phooj ywg, tiam sis ntawm no nyob rau hauv lub Caucasus tsum tau kho, nws mus nrog Major General Svechin, thiab Ryleev nws ua phooj ywg heev sai sai thiab ntseeg tau. Obviously, lub ntuj qhib siab dawb paug thiab ntseeg, erudition thiab erudition (nws yog heev fond ntawm kev cai ywj pheej ntawm ancient Greece thiab Rome), thawj attracted neeg thiab ces nkees. Thiab "kev hlub", uas dim ib tug yav tom ntej Lavxias teb sab revolutionary, yog hais tias tsis Decembrists xws sij hawm siv, dhau lawm, pib kev zoo siab kev sib nrig sib attraction.

Tab sis tshaj lub caij ntuj sov, thiab 18-xyoo-laus Sofya Saltykova, uas tau sau ib tug phooj ywg uas hlub tus txiv neej no muaj ib lub plawv ntshiab li siv lead ua, nrog tag nrho kuv lub siab, nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg thiab nws tsis xav kom koj paub, thiab nws lub tsev yog tsis tau tso cai. Tom qab ntawd, nws yuav tus poj niam ntawm Baron Delvig.

Nyob rau txoj kev ywj pheej

1823 thiab 1824 xyoo, PG Kakhovsky ua nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe - yog kho nyob rau hauv Dresden, ib tug ob peb lub hlis nyob rau hauv Paris, mus rau Switzerland, Austria, Ltalis. Thiab qhov txhia chaw nws yuav tsis pab tab sis muab piv rau feudal Russia ntawm kev ywj pheej European conquest. Ua ib tug txiv neej ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej-hlub, nws yog npaj txhij los tuag rau txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov pej xeem thiab ntawm lawv lub teb chaws thiab ib tug neeg txawv. Kakhovsky rov qab mus rau St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv 1824. Nws xav kom ua raws li nyob rau hauv Tim nkij teb chaws mus koom lub ibyam ntawm lub internationalists uas tiv thaiv rau txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm lub teb chaws no.

Lavxias teb sab Brutus

Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub capital, nws sai sai converges nrog Ryleev, nyob rau qhov kev pom zoo uas nkag mus rau rau hauv sab qaum teb Society thiab los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub radical tis. Obviously nws los ze zog, los mus txiav txim nyob rau hauv ua ntej ntawm ib tug kho siab thiab siab tawv txiv neej los ua lub "Lavxias teb sab Brutus." Yog, thiab lub Lavxias teb sab revolutionary Kakhovsky tsis txhob regicide - nws ntseeg lub monarchy phem Lavxias teb sab. Muaj kuj tuaj pab dawb rau no lub luag hauj lwm, xws li AI Yakubovich, tab sis, theej lawv flaunted tshaj taug kev mus rau kev tua neeg ntawm huab tais lub txim ua txhaum.

Tua cov huab tais tsis kam

Tus thawj lub tswv yim ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau tsis tsuas mus rau lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub Republican system, tab sis kuj muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov muaj koob muaj npe tsev neeg, tau qhia raws li thaum ntxov raws li 1816 MS Lunin. Thaum xub thawj nws xav thiab txawm xa ib tsab ntawv mus rau MI Kutuzov nrog xws li ib tug lub tswv yim - mus nkaug Napoleon, mus rau nws negotiator.

Cov tom ntej no tej zaum raug tsim txom yog Alexander kuv, txawm hais tias tus kheej ua siab tawv qhawv rau hauv lub teb ntawm Borodino, uas tiv thaiv rau cov "Tsar thiab Fatherland" Decembrist Lunin twb muab tsub lub golden caj npab "Rau siab tawv".

thiab kev txhim kho PI Pestel yog ib tug supporter ntawm lub tua neeg ntawm Nicholas I. Tab sis twb hais tseg rau no lub luag hauj lwm Kakhovsky Decembrist siab tawv rau recklessness thiab yus ib leeg xwb, thaum lwm tus neeg tau cov tsev neeg. Thaum nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm lub uprising Ryleev Kakhovsky tso dagger, Peter G. ntaus kws sau paj lug lub ntsej muag. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws tsis kam mus hwm nws los ua ib tug regicide. Obviously, nws xav tias Ryleeva lwm yam thiab ntawm lub caij xeem pom tau hais tias puas tau txij li thaum pib yog tsim nyog xwb nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm muab rau "scapegoat."

Ibtxhi mus tuag

Peter G. yog tsis ntshai ntawm raug branded ib tug neeg tua neeg - nws mortally tu siab los ntawm lub fact tias tam sim no-minded cov phooj ywg, nws yeej tsis yuav. Kakhovka - Decembrist, uas twb them nrog peb raug mob, ob tug uas twb tuag - tuag Miloradovich General thiab Col. Styurler.

Raws li ib tug active koom tes nyob rau hauv anti-monarchist kev koom tes, active agitator, uas tau nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb Society ntau cov mej zeej tshiab, Kakhovka thiab thiaj li ibtxhi, thiab tsis tau no ob murders.

King yuav raug tua, tab sis qhov zoo Governor-General muaj

Governor Miloradovich, ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog nyob rau hauv 1812 tsov rog hero, yog ib tug nyiam ntawm Nicholas I. Lub fact tias nws tsis tsim nyog tuag, hais tias qhov tseeb hais tias tus tswv xeev General tuaj txog ntawm lub Senate Square, kom koj yaum tau cov uas fav xeeb rau hloov lawv lub siab. Nyob rau hauv nws tsab ntawv yus tua yus Miloradovich nug Nicholas Kuv cia li mus ntawm tag nrho cov teej tug mus rau nws (1500 ntsuj plig) ntawm lub serfs ntawm yuav. Thiab hais tias yog ua li cas. Tom qab ntawd, Herzen txawm sympathized Miloradovich. Thiab qhov no coj txawv txawv Kakhovsky tua tus tsiaj ntawm lub Royal tsev neeg, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tag nrho cov tsom nws. Thiab nws coj ib yam nkaus thaum lub sij hawm interrogations Attendance ua siab loj, thiab txawm sau ntawv denouncing kev tsis ncaj ncees autocracy, thiab lub tsev hais plaub tsis bustled, tsis muaj ib tug muab, begging rau txoj kev hlub tshua. Cov kab lus yog - txoj kev tuag los ntawm dai. Chiv los ntawm quartering, tab sis tus huab tais rau "muag" cov kab lus.

kawg khoom plig

Tej zaum txoj hmoo ntawm lub xeem lub lim piam ntawm lub neej muaj kev hlub tshua rau tus txiv neej no, muab platonic passion. Lub qhov rais ntawm nws lub cell twb nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws tus ntxhais tus chav tsev rau lub qhov rais ntawm lub fortress commandant Podushkina. Lawv poob rau hauv kev hlub. Adelaide Podushkina xa nws phau ntawv, uas nws tau nyeem eagerly. Qhuas nws los ntawm ib tug deb, mloog nws hu nkauj - yog tag nrho hais tias nws yuav txaus siab rau qhov kawg ob peb hnub.

Nws yog tiag tiag ib tug txiaj ntsim ntawm txoj hmoo, thiab yog hais tias nws twb tsis, Kakhovka, uas tsis tau kev sib cuag nrog ib qho twg ntawm nws tus qub comrades yuav tuag ib leeg xwb, kiag li ncaj ncees rau tag nrho cov. Txawm lub txim tuag los ntawm dai, uas coj qhov chaw Lub Xya hli ntuj 25, 1826, rau Kahovsky muab rau hauv ridicule - ib tug hlua nrog nws, Ryleeva thiab Bestuzhev-Ryumin twb tawg, lawv raug dai rau lub thib ob lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv ib co ntawm cov khoom es tsis txhob Kahovsky hu ua lub npe Muraviev-Apostol.