ECG: tus nqi ntawm cov yooj yim ntsuas

Electrocardiography yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis yog-tus qauv rau kev diagnosing tej yam kev ua si ntawm lub plawv. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau npe ntawm hluav taws xob potentials nyob rau hauv txo infarction, uas yog tso tawm kom pom ntawm qhov screen los yog daim ntawv.

Lub daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas qhia tau hais tias tawg, mob hauv siab thiab ua tsis taus pa, tom qab lub hnub nyoog ntawm 40, haus luam yeeb thiab roj nyob rau hauv lub cev, ua ntej muaj kev lag luam, thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub thiab tom qab kab mob.

Mus nqa tawm ib qho electrocardiogram yog siv ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv - electrocardiograph nrog lub duas paub electrodes.

ECG nquag yus muaj los ntawm cov nram qab no hais:

1. Cov hniav uas yog xaiv los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv P, Q, R, thiab S, T, U.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov hniav P qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas lub excitation ntawm lub atria. Feem ntau, nws ntev - los ntawm 0.06-0.1 amplitude - 0.05-2.5 hli.

Thaum ECG tus nqi txiav txim nrog reference rau cov nuj nqis uas lub dav ntawm lub kawg square nyob rau hauv daim ntawv, nyob rau lub fais potentials ntawm lub plawv yog kaw, yog 0,04 vib nas this, thiab qhov siab sau raws nkaus Ii lub voltage ntawm 0.1 millivolts.

ECG tus nqi rau lwm cov hniav:

• Q hniav ntev yuav tsum <0.03 nrog Voltage thiab - <¼ yoj amplitude los ntawm R;

• R hniav yuav tsum 0.03-0.04 thiab mus txog rau 20 mm (V5 thiab V6 yuav muab ntau zog mus txog 26);

• S - ib txwm ntev yoj nce mus txog 0.03 s, cov voltage - <8 nyob rau hauv cov hlau lead kuv II, V1 tej zaum yuav ib tug <25;

• ECG: qub hniav T-0,16 sec thiab amplitude - <1/2 ntawm lub yoj R;

• U - norm - 0,06-16 nrog lub qhov siab ntawm lub yoj yuav tsum txog 2-3 hli.

2. Team sib: PQ (mem tes sau raws nkaus Ii cov zaj ntawm lub atrium thiab ventricle), QT, thiab RR, ST. Xeem luv nrog T yoj characterizes repolarization, uas yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ventricles ntawm lub siab los;

3. Tus complex kuj soj ntsuam QRST, qhia qhov hluav taws xob systole lub ventricles.

Rau lub npe ntawm hluav taws xob impulses nyob rau hauv lub myocardium ntawm peb txuj siv, raws li tau zoo raws li peb cov stiffened thiab rau ECG siab ua. Cov cai ntawm cov kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub abduction nyob rau hauv uas lub caij thiab amplitude ntawm lub vuag.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ECG yog ib tug tsis tshua muaj nqi diagnostic txheej txheem. ECG tus nqi ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab indicative ntawm lub regularity thiab kom zaus ntawm cov lus ntawm lub plawv, raws li zoo raws li lub qub lag luam los ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb ntawm atherosclerosis. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev hloov yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm arrhythmias, mob conduction teeb los yog tau ua txhaum ntawm myocardial perfusion thiab ischemia.

ECG nqi amplitude yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau qhov tseeb mob, txij li thaum nws nce yog tau hais txog lub hypertrophy ntawm cov seem ntawm lub plawv, uas muaj tawg thiab tej plawv cov kab mob.

Kuv yuav tsum hais tias lub ECG yog pheej yig thiab tuav diagnostic txoj kev, tab sis nws cov ntsiab drawback - lub luv luv ntev ntawm kev cuv npe ntawm hluav taws xob impulses, uas yog faib los ntawm cov kev mob plawv. Nws tseem tsis tau los xyuas txog cov periodic teeb ntawm lub plawv. Yuav kom ntes xws txawv txav electrocardiography xyuas yog siv, uas yog nyob rau 48 teev thiab muab ib tug xav paub ntau tshaj daim duab ntawm lub hauj lwm ntawm lub myocardium.

Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov differential mob ntawm cov organic thiab haumxeeb mob nyob rau hauv lub plawv yuav tsum tau ua ECG orthostatic load los yog hyperventilation, raws li zoo raws li thaum lub sij hawm thawj coj ntawm cais formulations (tshuaj kuaj).