Excretory kabmob nyob rau hauv mollusks. Tus qauv ntawm lub shellfish

Muaj ntau ntau hom tsiaj txhu. Qhov no thiab flatworms, thiab coelenterates, thiab annelids, thiab arthropods thiab echinoderms thiab chordates. Cov science uas tseem ua hauj lwm nrog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lawv yog hu ua biology. Shellfish - kuj yog ib tug ntawm cov hom ntawm cov tsiaj. Lawv yuav tau los sib tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm. Muaj kuj yog ib tug tshwj xeeb ceg biology uas kawm rau hauv cov tsiaj pab pawg neeg. malacology nws hu ua. Ib tug science uas tseem ua hauj lwm nrog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm mollusc zoo li, - conchology.

Ib tug general cov yam ntxwv ntawm shellfish

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no hom no kuj hu ua spineless. Lawv yog cov heev ntau haiv neeg. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov hom - txog 200 txhiab.

Qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm multicellular tsiaj muab faib ua yim kawm:

• Bivalve.
• Armored.
• Solenogastres.
• Caudofoveata.
• Monoplacophora.
• Gastropods.
• Kaus hniav plhaub.
• Cephalopods.

Lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv ib tug thiab los kuj tib yam. Tom ntej no yuav tau los sib tham nyob rau hauv ntau yam yam ntxwv shellfish.

nruab nrog cev thiab hloov khoom nruab nrog nruab

Shellfish, raws li zoo raws li ntau multicellular tsiaj, yog ua ntawm ntau hom ntawm fabrics, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Cov yav tas, nyob rau hauv lem, tsim hloov khoom nruab nrog nruab.

Tus qauv ntawm shellfish muaj xws li cov nram qab no systems:

• lub plawv;
• lub paj hlwb thiab kev nkag siab kabmob;
• digestive;
• excretory;
• ua tsis taus pa;
• nrog txiv neej pw;
• lub cev ntaub thaiv.

Cia wb mus lawv nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim.

circulatory system

Nyob rau hauv mollusks nws Qhib hom. Nws muaj xws li xws lub cev:

• lub plawv;
• hlab ntsha.

Lub plawv Molluscs yog muaj li ntawm ob los yog peb lag. Qhov no yog ib ventricle thiab ib los yog ob tug atria.

Muaj ntau spineless ntshav muaj ib qho txawv xiavlus xim. Qhov no coloring muab nws ua pa xim hemocyanin, nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm cov uas muaj xws li tooj liab. Qhov no tshuaj muaj tib lub muaj nuj nqi raws li hais tias ntawm hemoglobin.

Ntshav yeej nyob rau hauv Molluscs raws li nram no: los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nws yog poured mus rau hauv tej qhov chaw ntawm lub cev - lacunae thiab sinuses. Mam li rov nws yog sau nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab txhab khoom mus rau gills los yog mob ntsws.

lub paj hlwb

Nyob rau hauv mollusks nws los nyob rau hauv ob hom: ib tug ntaiv thiab tawg khiav ri niab-ntawm hom.

Thawj lub tsev raws li nram no: muaj peripharyngeal nplhaib uas cuag plaub chim. Ob tug ntawm lawv innervate tus taw thiab lwm yam ob - tus sab hauv.

Lub paj hlwb ntawm tawg khiav ri niab-ntawm hom yog nyuab dua. Nws muaj ob khub ntawm neural circuits. Ob tug mob plab lub luag hauj lwm rau lub innervation ntawm lub hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab ob pedal - ko taw. Ob officers ntawm paj circuits yog tam sim no ntshav - ganglia. Lawv yog cov feem ntau yog rau cov officers: buccal, cerebral, pleural, pedal, parietal thiab visceral. Tus thawj innervate lub caj pas, lub thib ob - tus tentacles thiab ob lub qhov muag, rau peb - cov mantle, thiab ib tug thib plaub - ceg, lub thib tsib - lub pa system, lub thib rau - cov lwm hauv nruab nrog cev.

tsis totaub

Muaj shellfish xws lub cev, tso lawv los muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov ib puag ncig:

• tentacles;
• ob lub qhov muag;
• statocysts;
• Osphradium;
• piav thoob hlo hlwb.

Ob lub qhov muag thiab tentacles muaj nyob rau ntawm lub taub hau ntawm cov tsiaj. Osphradium nyob ze ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub gills. Qhov no tshuaj kev txiav txim zoo hauv nruab nrog cev. Statocysts - ib tug tshuav nyiaj li cas hauv nruab nrog cev. Lawv yog cov nyob rau hauv ko taw. Piav thoob hlo hlwb yog lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kov. Lawv muaj nyob rau ntawm lub ntug ntawm lub mantle, lub taub hau thiab ceg.

alimentary system

Tus qauv ntawm lub npliag deg muab rau cov nram qab no nruab nrog huam:

• Caj pas;
• txoj hlab nqos mov;
• plab;
• midgut;
• hindgut.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub siab yog tam sim no. Nyob rau hauv cephalopods , muaj kuj yog lub pancreas.

Cov mos mos-bodied caj pas yog ib tug tshwj xeeb lub cev kev sib tsoo cov khoom noj - radula. Nws yog them nrog cov hniav los ntawm chitin, uas yog tshiab raws li lub sib tsoo ntawm cov laus.

Excretory kabmob nyob rau hauv Molluscs

Qhov no system muaj ob lub raum. Lawv hu ua metanephridia. Excretory kabmob nyob rau hauv mollusks zoo li cov uas ntawm lub cua nab. Tab sis lawv yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyuab dua.

Excretory kabmob nyob rau hauv mollusks tshwm sim raws li ib tug txheej ntawm winding ferrous hlab. Metanephridia ib kawg opens mus rau hauv lub coelomic hnab, thiab lwm yam - tawm.

Excretory kabmob mollusks tej zaum yuav tam sim no nyob rau hauv sib txawv ntau. Piv txwv li, ib co cephalopods muaj tsuas yog ib metanephridia nyob rau sab laug sab. Nyob rau hauv monoplacophora yog cai ntau li ntau raws li 10-12 hloov qee.

Nyob rau hauv metanephridia shellfish noog cov khoom pov tseg. Lawv sawv cev los ntawm nais ntawm uric acid. Muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj lawv yog txhua txhua ob rau peb lub lis piam.

Tsis tas li ntawd ib feem ntawm lub excretory system nyob rau hauv Molluscs tej zaum yuav hu ua lub atria, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau filtering cov ntshav.

ua pa system

Txawv shellfish nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam lub cev. Yog li, feem ntau ntawm cov mos-bodied tam sim no gills. Lawv kuj hu ua ctenidium. Nws paired cai feathery lub cev. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub mantle kab noj hniav. Nyob rau hauv mollusks uas nyob rau hauv av, es tsis txhob ntawm gills, muaj lub teeb. Nws yog ib tug hloov mantle kab noj hniav. Nws cov phab ntsa yog penetrated los ntawm cov hlab ntsha.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub nkev pauv yuav siv sij hawm shellfish daim tawv nqaij ua tsis taus pa.

deev system

Nws yuav teem nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, raws li muaj yog cov qwj yog hermaphrodites thiab dioecious hom. Nyob rau hauv lub rooj plaub thaum fertilization hermaphroditism txhua tus neeg ua raws li ib tug txiv neej thiab ib tug poj niam.

Yog li ntawd peb ntsia tag nrho cov khoom hauv nrog cev systems ntawm shellfish.

lub cev ntaub thaiv shellfish

Tus qauv ntawm no mas nws txawv nyob rau hauv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm txawv cov chav kawm ntawv.

Cia saib cov ntau yam kev xaiv ntawm lub integument, uas tej zaum yuav muaj shellfish, tsiaj piv txwv uas yuav mus rau ib qho kev kawm ntawv.

Yog li, nyob rau hauv solenogastres thiab caudofoveata npog pib ua ib mantle uas npog lub cev tag nrho, muaj ib tug cuticle muaj glycoproteins. Tsis tas li ntawd tam sim no spicules - ib hom ntawm koob, uas muaj xws li ntawm txiv qaub.

Nyob rau hauv bivalves, gastropods, cephalopods, thiab kaus hniav plhaub monoplakfor tsis tuaj kawm ntawv cuticle. Tab sis muaj ib tug plhaub, uas muaj ib tug tib phaj los yog ob tug nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub bivalve. Ib txhia detachments ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv gastropods no yog ib feem ntawm cov uas ploj lawm los xij.

Nta plhaub qauv

Nws yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg: lub txheej, nruab nrab thiab puab.

Cov txheej ib feem ntawm lub plhaub yog ib txwm ua los ntawm organic chemicals. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws yog conchiolin. Lub tsuas kos rau qhov no txoj cai tej zaum yuav pom tau tias Crysomallon squamiferum mollusk los ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm gastropods. Nws tau ib tug txheej plhaub txheej no yog muaj li ntawm ferrum sulfides.

Qhov nruab nrab ib feem ntawm npliag deg plhaub muaj columnar calcite.

Internal - ib phaj ntawm calcite.

Ntawm no yog peb tau kawm hauv nthuav dav cov qauv ntawm cov Molluscs.

xaus

Yuav kom saib lub ntsab lug luv luv soj ntsuam cov loj nruab nrog cev thiab hloov khoom nruab nrog nruab ntawm mos-bodied nyob rau hauv lub rooj. Tsis tas li ntawd muab piv txwv ntawm Molluscs teej tug mus rau txawv cov chav kawm ntawv.

Tam sim no xav txog tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub ntau yam cov chav kawm ntawm Qwj thiab nta ntawm lawv cov qauv.

Ntawm no yog peb maum kuaj cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm lub ntsiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub hom ntawm shellfish.