FSUE Khrunichev. Khrunichev. Roskosmos. Khrunichev State kev tshawb fawb thiab Qhuav Space Center

Tsoom fwv teb chaws lub xeev unitary enterprise Khrunichev. Khrunichev, tsim nyob rau hauv 1993, lub merger ntawm ob loj tuam txhab uas muag nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub Aerospace kev lag luam - KB "Salyut" thiab engineering Khrunichev Hoobkas, muaj tsis tsuas mus rau khaws cia thiab ntxiv dag zog rau scientific thiab hauj tej zaum nyob rau hauv sib txawv kiag li tej yam kev mob ntawm lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag, tab sis kuj txhim kho kev ua hauj lwm efficiency ntawd tias nws yog tau mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no qhov chaw ua lag luam.

kev koom ua ke

Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov kev pab cuam, uas tau pom zoo hauv tsoom fwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation twb kos mus txog ib lub tswv yim rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov spheres ntawm qhov chaw kev lag luam, teem cov kho kom zoo thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus tiv thaiv kev lag luam nyob rau hauv 2001. Nws yog nyob rau hauv raws li nrog nws thiab tsim tus loj tshaj plaws kev qauv raws li Khrunichev. Khrunichev - mus tsim thiab tsim ib tug hnyav-class community launch tsheb.

Lub ntsiab hauj lwm yog mus rau integrate lub preservation ntawm tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm scientific, kev thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm enterprise, muab kev kawm ntawm pej xeem ceev, uas yuav muab tsoom fwv teb chaws qhov chaw pab cuam.

tiav ntawm txoj cai

Nyob rau hauv 2007 muaj ib tug thawj tswj cai hais txog qhov no tsoom fwv teb chaws lub xeev unitary enterprise. Khrunichev. Khrunichev rau kaum lub hlis ua hauj lwm rau es rov thiab qhov sib ntxiv ntawm plaub ntau ceg ntoo li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws State Unitary Enterprise, qhov twg ua lub luag hauj lwm yog tsoom fwv teb chaws qhov chaw Agency thiab tsoom fwv teb chaws lub koom haum rau Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Khoom Management.

Tsaug rau koom nrog affiliates ntawm lub ntau lawm lub koom haum "Davhlau" Moscow enterprise rau "Length" nrhiav tau ntawm cov khoom, lub Voronezh Neeg kho tshuab tsob nroj, thiab tom qab ntawd Bureau of Tshuaj Engineering lawv. Isayev, ib tug thawj tswj cai twb nqa tawm nkaus.

tsim-up

Cuaj kaum, nyob rau hauv 2008 Khrunichev. Khrunichev nrhiav ib tug tswj ceg txheem ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub Perm enterprise "Proton-PM". Muaj tau ua RD-276 - kua foob pob ua ntxaij motors, siv raws li ib lub hwj chim chav tsev ntawm tus thawj theem foob pob ua ntxaij "proton M" (hnyav class). Thiab nyob rau hauv 2009 rau lub Khrunichev. Khrunichev rau tom ntej no thawj tswj cai tau txais shares ntawm tshuaj lom neeg Automatics tsim Bureau - ib tug thawj coj ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm foob pob ua ntxaij xyaw, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm kiag li txhua manned qhov chaw cov kev pab cuam ntawm peb lub teb chaws.

Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem niaj hnub, excellently nruab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim koom haum ua teb, muaj peev xwm muab tag nrho cov voj voog ntawm ib tug foob pob ua ntxaij engine (kua foob pob ua ntxaij engine) rau kev tiv thaiv thiab kev science thiab lub teb chaws kev khwv nyiaj txiag - ib tug tsim Bureau of Tshuaj Automatics. Raws li ib feem ntawm lub FSUE Khrunichev. M. V. Hrunicheva KBKhA nws tsim qhov zoo tshaj plaws xyaw, tsim RD-0124A yog siv raws li lub thib ob thiab thib peb theem ntawm lub newest Lavxias teb sab community launch tsheb. "Angara", piv txwv li, mus rau hauv orbit ntawm cosmodrome Lavxias teb sab spacecraft hnyav chav kawm ntawv.

Keeb kwm thiab geography

Nyob rau hauv 2011 nws luam tawm ib tug thawj tswj decree, raws li uas tus FSUE Khrunichev. M. V. Hrunicheva tau txais ib ceg ntseeg tshiab - FSUE "UKVZ Kirov". Tam sim no ib feem ntawm lub chaw center muaj xws li, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau saum toj, ntau RHM (foob pob ua ntxaij thiab qhov chaw Hoobkas), KB "Salyut" ZERKT (operating qhov chaw engineering tsob nroj), EQ, thiab cov neeg siv khoom (cog kho mob technology thiab cov neeg siv khoom).

Tag nrho cov Khrunichev State kev tshawb fawb thiab Qhuav Space Center muaj cuaj ceg nyob rau hauv xya txawv chaw, yuav tsum vov tag nrho cov teb chaws - Moscow thiab cov cheeb tsam - Moscow, Vladimir, Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Arkhangelsk, Voronezh, thiab tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub Crimea.

VRP thiab cov neeg siv khoom

Qhov no Hoobkas tau tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov nineties thiab raug hu mus ua hauj lwm rau lub creation ntawm advanced technology rau zus tau tej cov high-tech high-quality khoom ntawm biomedical engineering, qhov twg qhov muaj feem thib yog lub machinery thiab cov khoom siv rau lub intensive kev saib xyuas departments ntawm hyperbaric oxygenation thiab hypoxia. Piv txwv li, muaj cov tib oxygen siab chamber, txhim khu kev qha, xws li tus so ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij thiab qhov chaw technology. Lig cim technology puag thiab kev ua tau heev tsim nyog cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no tau tso cai nyob rau hauv lub shortest tau lub sij hawm los tsim, txhim tsa lub ntau lawm thiab kev tso tawm ntawm ib tug series ntawm cov cim kev kho mob pab kiag li lawm, xws li barosistemy BLKS-307 BLKS-303MK, BLKS-301M.

Ua los ntawm ntau yam engineering EQ thiab cov neeg siv khoom nyob rau hauv cov tub rog lub tsev kho mob: lub Burdenko, Vishnevsky, lub sab hauv Ministry thiab tsoom fwv teb chaws kev pab ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, Lub koom haum ntawm Sklifosovsky, NC ntawm kev phais, MMA Sechenov, ntau lwm yam kev kho tsev. High cia siab rau ntawm cov khoom tiav los ntawm ob technology thiab kev tswj lub cev, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov chaw technology. Qhov no nroj tsuag yog nyob rau ntawm: Moscow, Novozavodskaya txoj kev, 18.

ZERKT

Nyob ze yog lub Hoobkas uas koom nyob rau hauv lub lag luam ntawm foob pob ua ntxaij thiab qhov chaw technology. Lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm kev ua si yog cov nram qab no:

1. Npaj lub community launch foob pob ua ntxaij (community launch tsheb) nyob rau hauv lub community launch ntawm qhov chaw.
2. Qhov uas koj tsim thiab khiav lag luam ntawm lub spaceport ceg rau ILV (Space cuaj luaj lo lus uas peb) "Rokot" thiab "Proton".
3. Tsob nroj neeg ua hauj lwm yuav npaj cov kev ua hauj lwm thiab koom tes nyob rau hauv lawv cov overhaul thiab txua dua ntawm lub UK (community launch chaw) nyob rau hauv lub Baikonur Russia ( "Rokot" thiab "Proton").
4. Ntawm no yog cov creation thiab cov lag luam ntawm lub AAC (qhov chaw foob pob ua ntxaij complex) "Angara".

Cov nroj tsuag kev tswj thiab cog kev tswj nyob rau hauv Moscow (Novozavodskaya Street), nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Khrunichev. Nyob rau hauv Kazakhstan rau ntawm lub Baikonur "cosmodrome" raws li lub davhlau-xeem puag. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub Arkhangelsk cheeb tsam sau lub thib ob lub davhlau-xeem puag thaum lub cosmodrome "Plesetsk".

RHM

Enterprise "Roscosmos" yuav tsis muaj peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tag nrho tsis muaj xws li ib tug high-tech Hoobkas, raws li ib qhov chaw foob pob ua ntxaij. Technology yog lub feem ntau tshaj thiab paub-intensive, zoo txuas rau ntau lawm.

Ua hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm: Steel, daim ntawv-hlau, lub dawb paug, machining, cuab tam, los ua ke thiab welding, sau ua ib pawg-los ua ke, electro-tshuaj, thermal thiab xim coatings, tshuaj seem milling, roj hmab khoom, puas cov ntaub ntawv thiab plastsmass, cables, pneumatic tshuab nqus tsev xeem nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hom thiab ntau lwm yam ntxiv. Xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov kev pab cuam muab lub zej zog, qhov chaw uas koom tuam txhab uas muag thiab lwm yam "Roscosmos".

Tag nrho cov ntau lawm yog ntawv pov thawj thiab cia cov khoom tau lub siab tshaj plaws qib muaj kev cia siab thiab zoo. Qhov no Hoobkas tsis tau tsuas yog ua cov khoom rau ready-made drawings, tab sis kuj tsim nqe lus uas siv, tswvyim npaj koj tus kheej tag nrho cov kev khoom uas twb muaj lawm muaj dab ntau lawm.

Foob pob ua ntxaij thiab qhov chaw kev lag luam

Lavxias teb sab li "Roscosmos", uas tswj tag nrho lub teb chaws tus qhov chaw kev lag luam, twb teem hloov dua siab tshiab tsoom fwv teb chaws qhov chaw Agency. Thiab pib nws stellar txoj kev mus rau Ministry of General Tshuab Building, ces, muaj ntau tej yam ntuj tso reconstruction, kev koom ua ke nrog enterprise thiab kev tshawb fawb cov koom haum, uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. Feem ntau ntawm cov chaw tshawb fawb thiab daring tau tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm lub Soviet era.

Chaw ua hauj lwm "Roscosmos" nyob rau hauv Moscow, lub davhlau tswj chaw - nyob rau hauv tus poj huab tais thiab npaj cosmonauts ntawm Star City. Ob lub zos no yog ncaj qha nyob rau hauv Moscow. "Roskosmos" kuj siv peb cosmodrome "Plesetsk", "East" thiab "Baikonur". Kis qhov kev koom tes nrog rau cov chaw koom haum ntawm lwm lub teb chaws, nqa tawm nyob rau hauv-orbit me nyuam ntawm cov satellites, astronauts thiab zaum no ua hauj lwm ua ke nyob rau hauv lub ISS, nrog rau cov me nyuam ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb ua "Roskosmos". Tus li yog kev kawm mus rau tag nrho Aerospace kev lag luam.

cim

Lub Soviet lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Ministry of General Tshuab tsev yog tiag tiag cim. Zog ntawm Guj kuj tau los ua ib tug tiag tiag qhov chaw hwj chim los ntawm tus thawj dag satellite, launched nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1957, cov duab ntawm lub siab tawv astronauts dev Belka thiab Strelka, kis tau thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 1957. Thaum kawg tuaj rau lub Plaub Hlis 1961, thaum thawj tug txiv neej ya mus rau hauv qhov chaw - Yuri Gagarin. Tsis muaj tsawg xyiv fab twb pom nyob rau hauv xyoo 1965 uas Alexei Leonov thawj taug kev tawm ntawm lub nkoj mus rau hauv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Thiab ces peb tau mus rau lub chaw nkoj "Buran" thiab orbital chaw nres tsheb "Mir".

Nyob rau hauv 1991, lub Ministry twb reorganized nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub USSR thiab raws li lub taub hau ntawm lub Ministry koom nyob rau hauv lub coup. Ib feem ntawm cov khoom ntawm qhov chaw kev lag luam yog nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lwm lub xeev. Cov nyiaj txiag teebmeem yog tsis tau tso cai rau koj nqa tawm lub qub tswj qauv nrog duplicate vajtse thiab tej khoom. Ministry ntawm General Tshuab tsev twb abolished. Nyob rau hauv 1992, lub RSA (Lavxias teb sab chaw Agency, ceeb toom txog ncaj qha mus rau tsoom fwv hauv lub Lavxias teb sab Federation kom tsis txhob muaj tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub ob puas thiab nees nkaum neeg tau tsim.

chaw tourism

Nyiaj rau qhov chaw tshawb fawb yog nyob rau hauv mob tsis txaus, vim hais tias muaj lwm txoj kev daws teeb meem rau qhov teeb meem nyob. Kuv txaus siab rau qhov chaw tourism kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv 2001, nyob rau ib coj mus muag hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm rau caum tau xa Dennis Tito, thiab ces xya ntau xws tourists ntawm cov tsis tshua muaj neeg muaj nplua nwj. Chaw nres tsheb "Mir" los ntawm lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm thrice tempered nws lub neej thiab poob nyob rau hauv lub South Pacific.

qhov kev siv ntawm cov cosmodrome "East" twb launched nyob rau hauv 2010, thiab rau lub hlis tom qab ntawd cov neeg pib siv cov free daim ntawv qhia kev pab cuam - "Roscosmos Geoportal". Los ntawm 2015, lub tshiab khiv tsim li ua tawm ntawm lub ntsoog, post-perestroika xyoo. Restructuring assumed txoj kev ywj pheej los ntawm cwj pwm tsis zoo nineties - opacity cov nyiaj pab thiab cov kev tswj schemes, thiab txawm muaj, muaj universally los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej Minobschemasha. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev ua si "Roscosmos" muaj txhab considerably. Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 2016, cov thawj community launch ntawm lub cosmodrome "East".

ntsiab kev pab raws qib

"Roskosmos" Corporation muab kev siv ntawm lub xeev txoj cai, kev cai lij choj kev cai, muaj kev pab thiab tswj cov cuab yeej teej tug mus rau lub xeev nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm qhov chaw ua si.

Yuav kom ua tau thoob ntiaj teb co-lag luam, kev sib koom tej yaam num thiab cov kev pab cuam, tej hauj lwm rau tub rog cov khoom uas muaj feem rau missile thiab qhov chaw thiab tub rog cov khoom ntawm lub tswv yim lo lus uas peb. Yog li kom ntseeg tau parity thiab geopolitical kom zoo dua li tw.