Hniav painting - ib tug nyuag cov keeb kwm

Hniav (los ntawm lub Latin "decoro" -. "Dai") painting yog ib feem ntawm lub architectural khaub ncaws ntau los yog ib tug ua hauj lwm ntawm arts and crafts. Nws lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj - kho kom zoo nkauj thiab yuav sib zog lub tsev los sis kev ua ntawm cov kev kawm, yog li cov zoo nkauj painting yog zoo txog nrog rau cov tej hauj lwm ntawm applied kos duab los yog architectural vaj tse. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no cov ntaub ntawv, xws li ib tug monumental painting hu ua, tsis yog vim nws loj, tab sis kuj vim txoj kev architecture tias Dais feem ntau ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm monumentalism. Ob lub cev thiab cov ntsiab lus, qhov no painting yog inseparable los ntawm tus kwv uas nws twb tau, thiab nyob rau hauv no nws txawv ntawm easel painting. Uas ua rau no txoj kev haumxeeb thiab cov zajlus, thiab cov txheej txheem thiab zoo thiab yuav ua li cas ua tau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab.

Hniav painting nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob hnub rov qab ob peb millennia. Lub hiob kuaj nyob rau cov phab ntsa hauv qhov tsua, thiab txawm hais tias lub caij nyoog lub sij hawm ntawm lawv cov daim ntawv thov yuav tsis raug txiav txim tsis tau, zaum ntseeg hais tias lawv yuav mus rau lub Paleolithic. Cov kuj muaj tiag dluab scratched ntse twj paj nruag los muaj hmoov quav tso dub thiab liab av nplaum, twb tsis muaj tsis ntseeg yuav raug hu ua painting. Ntau tsim daim ntawv ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem painting ntawm ancient tim lyiv teb chaws - pleev xim rau burial lug depicting nuv ntses scenes, yos hav zoov, ua hauj lwm lub neej, ua tub rog txiav txim. Txawm tias muaj ntau cov dluab ntawm convention nuj nqis, Iyiv drawings yog tsis devoid ntawm realism thiab heev meej qhia zog thiab cov yam ntxwv poses thiab cov neeg thiab cov tsiaj, thiab tej noog. Hniav painting antique tim Nkij teb chaws thiab ancient Rome twb lug siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov pej xeem thiab thaj vaj tse, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug kev cai dab qhuas thiab kev nom kev tswv lub hom phiaj. Tej kev loj hlob ntawm lub hniav muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab zoo nkauj kho kom zoo nkauj uas yog muab tso rau ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab vaults. Thaum lub sij hawm, lub mosaic cov dawb lias lub pob zeb tau ua complementary daim iav ntawm ntau yam xim.

Nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe, rau hauv thaum ntxov Nrab Hnub nyoog yog yus muaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub hniav painting rau ntawm cov phab ntsa yog hloov los ntawm pleev xim rau iav - tsuas iav. Qhov no yog vim lub tsis muaj teeb: lub qhov rais qhib nyob rau hauv lub koom txoos kom txog rau thaum lub xyoo pua 12th yog me me nyob rau hauv loj, thiab tsis zoo lit murals. Stained iav qhov rais, rau lwm cov tes, ci kaj xim. Cov pej xeem vaj tse painting hloov lub pua, kiag li yuav tsum vov lub txias phab ntsa zeb. Thaum xub thawj lawv raug coj los ntawm sab hnub tuaj, thiab ces pib ua li ntawd nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Feem ntau yaam kws ua tswv cuab kev cai dab qhuas cov ntxhais, tab sis maj mam pib tshwm chivalrous exploits kev, ua ib lub cim daim duab ntawm crafts thiab arts, virtues thiab vices, lawv maj mam nrhiav lub tswv yim zoo realism. Nyob rau hauv Russia mural hniav painting twb tsim ntxiv lawm txawm tias tshaj nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe. Adopting nws coj nyob rau hauv Byzantium, ancient Russians tam sim ntawd ua rau nws nws lub zeem muag ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Lavxias teb sab masters yog ib tug neeg txawv rau cov abstract, lub zwj ceeb xwm ntawm lub Byzantine mosaics thiab frescoes, lawv tau ua rau lawv meej thiab yooj yim qhia ntawm cov tswv yim. Nws yog tsis muaj coincidence painting - Lavxias teb sab lo lus uas hais txog cov lub realism ntawm no kos duab thiab nws cov kev sib raug zoo nrog nyob dluab. Monumental thiab hniav kos duab los ntawm ancient sij hawm thiab tseem koom nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm architectural chaw thiab lub koom haum ideologically-nyeem ib puag ncig rau tib neeg.