Kev kho mob ntawm insomnia. hypnotics

Txhua nyob kab mob yog los ntawm circadian rhythms. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov circadian nyob manifest nyob rau hauv txoj kev hloov los ntawm wakefulness mus pw tsaug zog thiab rov qab. Zoo tag nrho cov physiological dab yog cuam tshuam los ntawm no periodicity. Nyob rau hauv lub waking lub xeev ntawm ib tug neeg koom nyob rau hauv active sis raug zoo nrog cov sab nraum lub ntiaj teb no. Tub, qhov no sis tsis nres, tab sis nws qhia ib tug xov tooj ntawm txawv.

Lub peculiarity ntawm lub cev physiological pw tsaug zog yog tias nws yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nruj me ntsis ntawm ib tug tej theem. Ib tug neeg noj qab nyob tsis tsaug zog, dhau los ntawm lub theem A, los yog "so wakefulness." Tom qab ntawd los txog rau theem B, lub latent lub sij hawm pw tsaug zog, yus muaj los ntawm backfilling thiab feem ntau ces dag txaj. Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam C, tsaug zog tus neeg twb tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tsis muaj zog stimuli. Kauj ruam D yog yus muaj los ntawm muaj mob pesnrab sib sib zog nqus pw tsaug zog. Sib sib zog nqus pw tsaug zog nyob ntev sau raws nkaus Ii E. hais tshwj xeeb theem ua ntej awakening. Nws puav nrog ceev ceev qhov muag taw tshwm sim, muaj yog atony ntawm lwm striated nqaij.

Disturbance ntawm pw tsaug zog txaus muaj ib tug tseem ceeb tej yam tsis zoo nyob rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho lub cev, lub hlwb thiab lub siab lub ntsws lub xeev. Ua ntej pharmacology tau ntev muaj ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm los tsim ib tug hypnotic neeg uas muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau tsuas yog ua rau koj nkees nkees, tab sis kuj yuav muab ib tug tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawm physiological dab.

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm qhov teeb meem no twb tau kov yeej nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub zaum ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo. Hypnotics pib nws cov keeb kwm nyob rau hauv hluavtaws tshuaj chloral hydrate. Tsis tas li ntawd muab tsaug zog npaj thiab calming nyhuv. Npau suav tshwm sim los ntawm chloral hydrate, los ze zog nyob rau hauv nws tus yam ntxwv mus rau lub physiological, nws ntev yog mus txog nruab nrab ntawm rau thiab yim teev. Tab sis nws siv los ib tug khaus ntxim rau cov tawv nqaij thiab qog ua kua week, muaj tshuaj yaj yeeb tos. Txo tus nqi ntawm chloral hydrate vim hais tias ntawm nws sab los tau coj mus rau lub fact tias cov tshuaj no yog tam sim no raws li ib tug hypnotic yog tsis siv.

Ib tug tseem ceeb txhob nyob rau hauv cov kev tshawb fawb rau txoj kev hypnotic txiav txim yog cov tsos nyob rau hauv 1902 ntawm cov tshuaj uas yog derivatives ntawm barbituric acid. Rau no discovery, lub German chemist E. Fischer tau txais cov Nobel nqi zog. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov hauj lwm zoo uas muaj tshiab pw tshuaj, twb txom nyem los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev phiv. Siv barbiturates coj mus rau lub fact tias nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov muaj tsis muaj kev txiav txim zoo ntawm zoo siab hlo thiab freshness, tej zaum nyob insignificant zuag qhia tag nrho qaug zog, uas ua nyob rau hauv tsis muaj peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm, worsening ntawm mus ob peb vas.

Lub sixties ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua tau muab lub ntiaj teb no ib tug tshiab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj - derivatives ntawm benzodiazepines. Cov muaj xws li cov "Diazepam", "Hlordiadepoksid", "Phenazepam" thiab lwm tus neeg. Cov tshuaj xwb tsis muaj ib tug sedative nyhuv, tiam sis kuj ua soothingly. Action benzodiazepine ntau physiological thiab tej yam ntuj tso le caag los zoo pw tsaug zog, nws pib mus rau tau lug siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm insomnia ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm manifestation.

Tiam sis ntawm no yog tsis muaj kev phiv uas nyob rau hauv nws cov tsis zoo ces, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov tshuaj nyob tos, muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau muaj zog tshaj hais tias ntawm barbiturates. Yuav luag tag nrho cov pw tsaug zog tshuaj yog tsis muaj kev kho tau insomnia, thiab demanded lawv txais tos los ntawm cov kev tswj ntawm tus kws kho mob.

Ntau tsis ntev los, cov tshuaj twb tau muab siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob xyaum, ib tug derivative ntawm ethanolamine. Tsaug zog tshuaj "Donormil" ib zaug ntau nyob rau hauv Central thiab Western teb chaws Europe thiab lub Middle East, thiab lwm yam, Nws txawm muaj nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj uas yog muab faib tsis muaj ib tug tshuaj. Ua "Donormil" raws li nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov loj cov ntsiav tshuaj, los yog raws li effervescent ntsiav tshuaj. Txhua ntsiav tshuaj muaj 15 mg doxylamine succinate, hypnotic yog tsis tau nyob rau hauv lub ncos.

Niaj hnub no nws yog lub feem ntau tsim nyog tshuaj rau insomnia. Nws yog yooj yim muab tau los ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj no muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov pw tsaug zog obshego physiological lub xeev.