Lub hero ntawm Griboyedov comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" P. I. Famusov: yam ntxwv duab

Comedy A. S. Griboedova "Woe los ntawm wit" yog ib tug ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm uas tsis poob lawv cov sharpness thiab qhov tseeb tshaj lub sij hawm. Ntxiv mus, qhov ntau xyoo cais lawv los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm creation, qhov ntau nqi tias lawv yog. Qhov no tshwm sim nrog precious wines, paintings, sculptures, vaj tse thiab thiaj li nyob. D.

Lub cuab ntxhiab thiab storyline

Nco qab thawj hais tias xws li ib tug cuab ntxhiab thiab storyline. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txawj cov tswv yim, yam uas paub tsis tau ntsum xyuas, tsis muaj artwork. Cov zajlus yog hu ua ib tug series ntawm cov txheej xwm, successive ib leeg nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv comedy, qhov no thaum sawv ntxov nyob rau hauv lub tsev Famusov, ib lub caij nyoog ntsib nws nrog nws secretary nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev Sofia. Ces, txawm ntau npaj txhij txog sij hawm tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Moscow Chatsky nws mus ntsib, kev sib tham nrog Afanasiem Pavlovichem, ib qho los mus nrhiav seb leej twg yog tus muaj hmoo rival. Thaum kawg, lub pob, lub culmination ntawm tag nrho cov intrigues thiab intricacies ntawm lub taug xaiv uas Chatsky vwm. Sophia siab, kev ntshai thiab cov sib ntaus ntawm cov tub ntxhais Famusov "Carbonaro" deb ntawm Moscow. Raws li rau cov zajlus thiab tej teeb meem, lawv muaj kev cob cog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ob cim: Chatsky Famusov. Yam ntxwv ntawm lawv thiab pab los mus txiav txim lub ntsiab tsis muaj cov khoom. Peb yuav to taub ntau yam nruab nrab yog qhov kawg.

Impersonation aristocratic Moscow

Nyob rau hauv comedy, thawj capital ntawm Russia yog lub personification ntawm ib tug ancient txoj kev ntawm lub neej, tsim dua centuries. Glitter thiab cov khoom kim heev txuam feem nrog yav dhau los lub sij hawm ntawm Catherine II. Qhov no xyoo pua, thiab nws yog suav tias yog ib qho zoo tagnrho FAMUSOV. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus hero yog zoo li tus nqi ntawm nws lub npe, uas Griboyedov xaiv rau tus ua cim yog tsis lo. "Fama" nyob rau hauv Latin txhais tau tias "lus xaiv." Lo lus ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tawm, lwm leej lwm tus kaw tham thiab ntshai Paul Afanasievich. Nws muaj ob tug "dab neeg ntshai heev", "ua li cas yog ib yam dab tsi tshwm sim" thiab "yog dab tsi yuav hais Princess Marya Alekseevna." Txawm li cas los, lwm tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqis "FAMUSOV 'lub npe. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ua cim raws li ib tug neeg nto moo, muaj cawv, hwm nyob rau hauv lub zej lub zos, ib yam nkaus thiab, nws fits nws. Tsis xav tus hero nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tus me nyuam muas lwj, xav nrhiav kev tiv thaiv, thiab ua raws li lub tswv yim. Raws li lub hom phiaj Griboyedov, nws FAMUSOV (cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws comedy proves nws) personifies lub qub aristocratic Moscow: hospitable, hlub mus taug kev, mus taug xaiv, ua raws li cov lus qhia kom thiab lwm cov kev cai ntawm propriety, keeper domostroevskih, yawg suab, autocratic thiab feudal lig kev cai.

Main cim sijhawm

Yuav ua li cas lub luag hauj lwm no yog ua si nyob rau hauv "Woe los ntawm wit" FAMUSOV? Paul Afanasevicha yam ntxwv kiag li unambiguous. Nws tau txais nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, ib tug txiv ntsuam, tab sis muaj zoo heev kev noj qab nyob, uas tso cai rau nws mus khiav tom qab zoo nkauj Lisa, raug lead lom lawv tus kheej nyob rau tib lub sij hawm zoo, coj tus, degree ntawm tsev neeg cov txiv neej thiab txiv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm Sophia. Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev zam thiab tshiab lub sij hawm nws twb yuam kom qhia nws tus ntxhais "nyob rau hauv Fabkis," seev cev thiab "tag nrho cov sciences", muab txawv teb chaws khw rau Kuznetsky Feem ntau, thaum nws thiab nws cov neeg ncaj ncees txoj kev chim siab hais txog kev kawm, kev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv nws saib, txoj kev kawm - "no plague", lub qhov chaw ntawm dissent, revolutionary tswv yim, tag nrho cov tshiab, uas hawv ua phem rau tshem tus paub thiab yooj yim-hero chav kawm ntawm tej yam, cov autocratic system, ua txhaum lub txoj kev, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim thiab Famusov thiab wealth. Ntse, cunning thiab xam, cov "laus Lavxias teb sab master" pheej tsis tshua mus rau lub sij hawm "Maxim Petrovich," thaum siab ibyam thiab lub npe, honors thiab emoluments raug faib tsis tau rau nqis thiab tsim nyog, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm uas tsis tseeb ntxias, sycophancy, servility thiab taleas. Hardcore serfdom thiab reactionary, saib rau cov neeg uas yog cov neeg pluag, nws yog nrog Library ua raws li ib tug tus siab zoo, raws li yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog Molchalin. Nws ruaj txoj kev ntseeg nws qhia Sophia: "Leej twg yog cov neeg pluag, uas koj tsis yog ib tug ob peb." Nws tseem yog heev kaj feature Famusov. "Woe los ntawm wit", nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog ib tug portrait ntawm ob epochs, "lub xyoo pua xeem" thiab rallied nyob ib ncig ntawm nws Skalozub, Princess Maria Alekseevna, princes Tugouhovskih, Famusov nws tus kheej, raws li zoo raws li "no caug xyoo", uas yog lub personification ntawm ib Chatsky.

Raws li critics, lub yeej yog rau comedy Chatsky. Tab sis nws yog heev tsis ntseeg, nws yog ntau zoo li ib tug swb. Ib tug reasoner Famusovs, alas, tau thiab mus txuas ntxiv tau, mus rau tawm hauv qhov tseem ceeb, niaj hnub ib feem ntawm zej zog.