Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945

Lub sib ntaus sib tua rau lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia pib nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1944. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, lub Soviet pab tub rog nkag mus hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws. Xav txog ntxiv yuav ua li cas lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945. Duab battles yuav kuj yuav tau nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.

keeb kwm ntaub ntawv

Lub Soviet pab tub rog twb dim yuav luag tag nrho ib ncig ntawm Slovakia. Lub Nazis tau tsav los ntawm lub capital, Bratislava, qhov loj industrial chaw ntawm Brno thiab cov Moravian Ostrava. Grouping Wehrmacht twb swb lawm, Berlin poob. Tag nrho cov no coj mus rau lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub tub rog tshuab ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Act nyob rau hauv Italian thiab western fronts, Nazi troops twb lawv tsis kam. German cov tub rog pib mus surrender. Nws yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav 1945. Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia yog tus kauj ruam tom ntej rau tag nrho cov hom phiaj - los rhuav tshem kev siab phem. German pab tub rog tseem nyob rau nws lub teb chaws thiab mus txuas ntxiv mus rau ib tug tawv ncauj tiv thaiv.

Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945: German txaus

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Tej zaum, nyob rau kab 1, 3, 4, thiab 2 nd Ukrainian fronts ntawm lub lem ntawm Šternberk, Krnov, Striegau, Kamenz, Wurzen, sab hnub poob ntawm Stockerau, gloggnitz, Brno khaws cia tus tiv thaiv rog ntawm cov pab pawg neeg "Center". Nws tau txib kom lawv Marshal Schemer. Ua ke nrog lawv, kuj yog ib feem ntawm lub pab tub rog ntawm lub "Austria" pab pawg neeg. Lawv yog coj los ntawm General Rendulic. Tag nrho cov tiv thaiv khaws cia 65 kev sib cais, kaum tsib cais regiments thiab 3 pawg. Lub ntsiab rog ntawm tus yeeb ncuab twb nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub sab laug tis thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub 1 Ukrainian Pem hauv ntej. Lawv ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug haib muaj txuj ci, npaj nyob rau hauv ua ntej. Ua ntej txoj cai flank ntawm cov yeeb ncuab kuj yog weaker tub rog ntawm lub kab ntawm kev sib cuag yog tsis ruaj tsis khov. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob thiab thib plaub qhia Ukrainian fronts txheej txheem yeeb ncuab strengthening teb hom tsim nyob rau hauv tactical tob. Siv haib npaj txaus qhia, cov Nazis txuas ntxiv kuj. Nyob rau hauv ib co chaw, lub German rog txawm undertook ib counterattack.

Zuag qhia tag nrho kev nom kev tswv qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees

Lub Nazi coj noj coj ua los ntawm tus kawg ntawm tsov rog tseem muaj ib tug loj heev kev quab yuam. Tsis xav nyob rau hauv tej yam paub txog cov hopelessness uas qhov teeb meem no, monopoly voj voog thiab qhov kev txiav txim cov neeg tseem ceeb txuas ntxiv mus caum nws ua ntej lawm nom tswv cov hoob kawm. Lub German tsoom fwv sim los xaus rau ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib deal nrog Britain thiab lub tebchaws United States. Yog li, nws yuav tsum cais cov phoojywg tau sij hawm los cawm lawv lub xeev. Denitskoe tsoom fwv yuav tsum ncua lub ua ntej ntawm lub Soviet pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ib cheeb tsam. Vim rau qhov no, nws yuav tsum qhib ib qho yooj yim zaj rau sab hnub poob, tshaj uas yuav tau ua los ntawm lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945, lub Americans thiab British. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub US thiab UK rog yuav nyob feem ntau ntawm cov chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Austria thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, qhov kev txiav txim twb muab tus fascist armed forces. Nws hais tias vim lub fact tias lub sib ntaus tawm tsam Western lub teb chaws tau ua meaningless, nws yog tsim nyog los nteg cia caj npab hauv lub Netherlands, Denmark thiab North-West lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv lub Eastern Pem hauv ntej twb kom mus ntxiv.

Rooj sib tham ntawm lub fascist coj noj coj ua

Nyob rau hauv Moravia thiab Bohemia nws twb loj hlob lub teb chaws liberation zog. Uas ho complicates qhov teeb meem ntawm lub fascist pab tub rog nyob rau hauv cov chaw no. Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945. nrog los ntawm ib tug active guerrilla tawm tsam ntawm neeg nyob hauv zos. Yog li, thaum pib ntawm Lub peb hlis ntuj, muaj 20 lub teb chaws liberation cov koom haum, pab pawg thiab pab ua ke. Lawv muab kev koom tes ntau dua 7700 tuaj pab dawb. Lub Nazi coj noj coj ua pheej tham txog qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv Czechoslovakia. Tej zaum 3 tau convened ib tug kev sib tham. Nyob rau nws, tsuas yog rau cov tswv cuab ntawm tsoom fwv denitskogo kawm Jodl, Keitel, Frank (Governor ntawm Bohemia thiab Moravia), raws li zoo raws li thawj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov koom haum ntawm cov tub rog "Center" Natsmer. Qhov teeb meem no yog tsis cia siab pab tub rog. Txawm li cas los, tsis tooj mus rau kev txiav txim siab, tus Nazi coj noj coj ua yog tias lub swb ntawm pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj pem hauv ntej yog tsis yooj yim sua. Thaum lub rooj sib tham, sib tham txog lub plight ntawm Scherner pab tub rog, thaum pom hais tias cov teeb meem no forces nws mus muab lawv cov caj npab, cuaj kaum txiav txim siab mus ntxiv cov kuj. German cov thawj coj pom tau hais tias yog hais tias tus troops nyoo, tag nrho cov German rog yuav tsum nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tsoom fwv. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov kev txiav txim siab coj ua ntej lawm mus nyob tos txoj hauj lwm twb paub tseeb hais tias nyob rau lub rooj sib tham. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau pib npaj ntawm cov tub rog Group "Center" rau departing rau sab hnub poob thiab zwm rau US pab tub rog.

Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945 (luv luv)

Qhov teeb meem no uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov tub rog thiab kev nom kev tswv arena los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis - thaum ntxov Tej zaum, demanded ceev kev txiav txim. Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945 pib ua ntej lub caij ntawd lub yeej ntawm tus yeeb ncuab rog nyob rau hauv Berlin. Supreme High kom txiav txim siab tso lub Prague lag luam. Tej zaum 1-2, nyob rau hauv qee cov zos, Czechoslovakia underwent txawj demonstrations tiv thaiv cov Nazis. lawv maj mam tau ib tug ntau lub koom haum daim ntawv. Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945 tau puv thawm los ntawm heev paaj txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub Soviet pab tub rog. Siv tau nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub teb chaws tus yeeb ncuab pab pawg neeg twb ncig rau sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj, sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qaum teb. Ntawm no ua Army 1, 2 thiab 4 Ukrainian fronts. Thawj pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub 650-kilometer kab ntawm Krnov thiab Potsdam.

Muaj txoj cai flank thiab chaw

Lawv pib regroup thiab npaj rau ib tug offensive nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Prague. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov tub rog tau tam sim no rog ntawm lub Ob txhais Army ntawm lub Polish Army, 3 thiab 4-Panzer, 1, 3, 4, 5 th tiv thaiv, 7 mechanized corps, raws li zoo raws li 52, 28, 13th Army. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau sab laug flank rog khaws cia tus tiv thaiv nyob rau ciam sab qaum teb ntawm Krnov, sab hnub poob Levenberg. Sixth Army txuas ntxiv thaiv cov hlab ntawm lub garrison ntawm Breslau. Hauv pem teb troops txhawb cov Ob txhais Cua Dag Zog Yuam. Nws txib Krasovsky. Lub ntsiab quab yuam aircraft kuj retargeted mus rau lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia. Nyob rau hauv 1945, nyob rau ntawm lub ua yeeb yam ntawm Krnov thiab Vsetin nyob rau hauv lub band ntawm 220 kilometers, 4 Ukrainian Pem hauv ntej li ntawm 31 th tank lub cev 1, 38, 60 los yog tiv thaiv thiab 18th Army, Moravian Ostrava xov lag luam. Nyob rau qhov no txoj kab ntawm cov nyiaj them yug rau hauv av rog muab 8 Cua Army. Nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tus 1 Czechoslovak mixed aviation division. Nyob rau Lub peb hlis ntuj 26, lub pem hauv ntej rog tau txib los ntawm Eremenko. Nyob rau hauv lub band 350 km dav, los ntawm Vsetín rau Korneyburga, lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945, tau ua lub Army ntawm lub 2nd Ukrainian Pem hauv ntej. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai tis muaj 6, 53, 40 th tiv thaiv Tank, 1 thiab 4 Romanian Army nyob rau hauv lub txib ntawm Atanasiu thiab Constantin Dăscălescu. Pab tub rog advanced ntawm Olomouc, raws li cov tub rog ntawm lub 4 Ukrainian Pem hauv ntej. Qhov seem rog (1 tiv thaiv mechanized cavalry pab pawg neeg Pliev, lub 46th Army thiab lub 7 tiv thaiv) tau siv rau kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub zeem cia yog tus 23rd Tank Corps. Los ntawm cov huab cua, cov av troops uas nqa tawm lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945, nyob rau txoj cai flank, txaus siab 5 th Cua Army.

Kawm tiav ntawm cov kev sib pauv

Lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945 tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv 1220 kilometer stretch. Los ntawm thaum ntxov Tej zaum, nyob rau hauv koom lub lag luam peb Ukrainian pem hauv ntej 20 ua ke caj npab (cov uas twb ob Romanian thiab Polish), 3 thiab 3 cua tank cov tub rog, 5 armored, cavalry thiab mechanized corps thiab mechanized cavalry pab pawg neeg. Tus nab npawb ntawm Soviet cov tub rog tshaj fascist los ntawm ntau tshaj ib nrab. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam yog kwv yees li tib yam. Ib tug decisive kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub domestic pab tub rog muaj artillery thiab aviation. Muaj yog ib tug peb-lub sij hawm peb superiority. Vim paaj zuag qhia tag nrho cov tub rog thiab kev nom kev tswv qhov teeb meem, vim cov vantage point nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej kab Soviet troops nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv lub liberation ntawm Czechoslovakia nyob rau hauv 1945.