Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" Griboyedov

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" nws yuav ntxias tau qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv, terse, tom kab lus. Tab sis nws tsis yog tau los nqa tawm nyob rau hauv no txoj kev. Cia peb hais txog qhov no.

Nrhiav rau lub tswv yim ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit"

Playwright Alexander Sergeyevich Griboyedov nyob rau hauv no ua si ib tug tshiab, multi-dimensional. Yog li ntawd, kom meej meej seb leej twg ntawm lub cim ua hauj lwm (sawv cev rau lub "hnub nyoog laus" los yog pib ib tug tshiab) yeej thiab uas poob, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua.

Cov kev ua si yog ib philosophical ntsiab lus thiab yog vim li favorably nrog simulated scenes ntawm classic daim duab-chav tsev ua yeeb yam ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Griboyedov nws tau tso tawm kom pom ib tug tag nrho cov qauv ntawm Lavxias teb sab "demi-monde".

Lub npe ntawm lub comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" yog dag ntxias txawm yog, raws li tus sau, nws qhia cov tswv yim ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm, tab sis qhov no yog tsis tshwm sim. Tus taw tes txuj ci Griboyedov. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws tau ua hauj lwm rau qhov kev txiav txim ntxaum tshaj nws muaj peev xwm los mus piav qhia nws. Yuav kom piav qhia txog lub tswv yim no ua tau tsuas yog analogy nrog ... "Ntsiag to Don" Mihaila Sholohova.

Griboyedov Griboyedov muaj zog artist-playwright

Abstract los ntawm epochs txawv. Yuav ua li cas yog tseem ceeb: Sholokhov txawj sau ntawv Sholokhov yog muaj zog tshaj lub Communist (uas stigmatize Pasternak). Mihail Aleksandrovich tsis nyob rau hauv lub "ntsiag to ntws lub Don" qhia lub "correctness" ntawm lub ces, tab sis rau siab hais txog Grigorii Melehove. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm no, tus neeg nyeem pom ib tug yeej muaj tseeb qauv ntawm ib tug tsis zoo lub neej.

Los rov qab mus rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm Aleksandra Sergeevicha Griboedova, peb kuj hais tau tiav txoj cai: tus sau pom ib tug txiav txim ntawm magnitude ntau dua qhov hais tias yooj yim zog cov qauv "25 fools rau ib tug ntse."

Ua si tsis tau winners thiab losers

Thaum pib ntawm lub pressing cov teeb meem ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua, hauv nws ua hauj lwm tsa ib tug diplomat Griboyedov, tus txiv neej, ntawm chav kawm, ntse, koj yuav tsum tau saib ntau lug. Civilizational clash ntawm qub thiab tshiab maps tawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm no ua hauj lwm. "Woe los ntawm wit" yog ib tug scene ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm ob philosophies: cov laus, feudal-bureaucratic (lub xeem century), thiab cov tshiab, bourgeois-raznochinskogo yug nyob rau hauv lub minds ntawm yav tom ntej Decembrists tom qab lub Lavxias teb sab kov yeej Napoleon.

Tseeb, Aleksandr Andreevich Chatsky qhia ntse thiab tsim nyog kev txiav txim tom qab mus txog ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub ua si ntsib nrog ib tug phab ntsa ntawm misunderstanding Moscow aristocratic zej zog.

Tab sis rau ib tug tub hluas qhov phem tshaj ntawm nws yog hais tias lub cev qhuav dej ntawm nws kev cia siab rau ib tug kev sib nrig sib lawm nrog ib tug hluas unmarried ntxhais Famusov Sofya Pavlovna. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws "tsis ntxiv nrog cov hauj lwm" thiab, obviously, tsis ua hauj lwm tawm. Koj puas xav tias nws tau poob definitively? Koj puas ntseeg tias lo lus "roob" hais tias tus sau yog tus Chatsky?

Yog vim li cas Famusov thiab tsis ua "Ace"!

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ob worlds: Chatsky Famusov

Yuav ua li cas tus sau muab ib tug kev piav qhia txog lub txim ntawm qhov teeb meem? "Woe los ntawm wit" nyob rau hauv lub kawg scene muaj, thaum Alexander Andreyevich muab tshem tawm, fueling resentment ntawm "mob siab." Txawm li cas los, tsis zoo li ib tug khiav, thiab "Tswj nyob rau hauv ib tug tsoom fwv qhov chaw," Paul Afanasievich FAMUSOV, organizer ntawm cov "khaub thuas raws li cov dej khov", Chatsky txais tos nyob rau ntawm nws lub tsev. Nws kuj tsis yog lub winning sab nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem. Nws tau txais ib tug "zillion kev txom nyem". FAMUSOV nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no hierarchy tsis "dhia hla koj lub taub hau" nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov hauj lwm. Nws muaj ib tug heev nruab nrab ua lag ua luam acumen (nws yog neeg tub nkeeg thiab tsis paub yuav ua li cas mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv). Nws tsuas cia siab - ua rau kom cov peev ntawm tsev neeg nyob rau cov nuj nqis ntawm lub neej nrog rau tus ntxhais ntawm ib tug colonel Sergeem Sergeevichem Skalozubom. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog problematic. Sophia realizes idiocy fetched txiv mob siab rau.

"Woe los ntawm wit" - ib zaj dab neeg hais txog Lavxias teb sab preddekabristskoy

Yog li, lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm tus comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" - txawv heev. Qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug "roob" xwb Chatsky tiv thaiv underestimating cov pej xeem views. (Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub ua si goodie ntsib nrog 25 cim, yog ib tug apologist ntawm lub qub bureaucratic pej xeem.) Nyob rau hauv no yuav tsum tau saib wider qhov teeb meem.

Nws yog ib tug tu siab thoob plaws hauv lub post-tsov rog feudal Russia, qhov chaw uas "Chatsky" (yav tom ntej Decembrists) twb paub: yuav tsum hloov lub social matrix ntawm lub neej, ua kom puas lub hauj lwm ntaiv raws li vysluzhivanii thiab tsis tseeb ntxias, pib los tsim tshiab tej yaam num nyob rau hauv lub zej lub zos. A haiv neeg (nrog rau cov aristocratic) tseem ua neej nyob hauv lub "laus lub neej" los ntawm qhov uas lawv me me mercantile hauj lwm dee, tsim MOLCHALIN.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom

Lub keeb neeg ntawm tus sau - ib tug tseem ceeb yuav tau txhais raws li lub ntsiab lus cov khoom. "Woe los ntawm wit" - ib qho los mus Griboyedov nyob rau hauv pej xeem resonance, nrov roar (nyob ntawm no yuav tsis ua yam uas tsis muaj ntxhib frankness) rau tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab zej zog, muaj ib qho teeb meem nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob. Ntse diplomat muaj tsis tau tsuas yog qho tseem ceeb heev teeb meem "ntawm lub hnub", tej zaum nws twb paub cov tuaj phua rau hauv zej zog (uas, raws li peb paub los ntawm keeb kwm, coj mus rau ib tug tsausmuag cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm Nicholas I).

Koj xav tias koj tau hnov? Txawm Pushkin ironically reacted kom cov duab Chatsky, tsis muaj realizing nws. Kuv yuav hais kom ntau tshaj?

"Woe los ntawm wit" - ib tug ua si tshiab

Cov khoom ua ib tug zoo kaj dluab. "Woe los ntawm wit" - nws tsis yog 26 cov neeg uas tshwm nyob rau hauv lub scene. Muaj kuj yog vnestsenicheskie cim. Tub huabtais Fedor, "lub botanist thiab chemist," nkauj muam nraug nus Skalozub, nrog rau lub "xyaum lub schisms thiab dissidence" professors pedagogical koom haum - tej zaum cov phoojywg Chatsky.

Nws tsim nyog hwm li cas thiab lub sau yog ua kom qhia lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe ntawm comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" tag "tawg" cov laus ua yeeb yam. Griboyedov innovator ncaim thaum tsim tej hauj lwm ntawm classicism, nws ua hauj lwm - heev tiag. Tus sau tsim ib tug ua tiav cov qauv ntawm cov haiv neeg nrog 26 tiag tiag, yus cim es tsis txhob ntawm 5-6 (lub ib txwm ua classical cim). Nyob rau hauv lub kawg, Alexander tsis txaus siab rau ib tug classic alexandrine, thiab tsiv mus rau "free pentameter."

es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug xaus

Peb yuav tau tham txog cov kev ua si thaum kawg tuaj mus ua tau kom paub txog cov comedy ntawm lub npe "Woe los ntawm wit". Nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv cov khoom rau hauv lub cim yog tsis tau qhia ntau:

• freethinker melancholic "funny me me" (rau xyuas Pushkin) CHATSKY;
• mercantile leej txiv ntawm ib tsev neeg thiab cov nom nruab nrab FAMUSOV muaj peev xwm;
• txawj ntse tus neeg dag thiab ib tug careerist MOLCHALIN;
• khav theeb thiab nqaim-minded campaigner - Colonel Skalozub;
• tsis meej pem ntawm siab kev zoo siab thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm meanness Sophia;
• tseem ncaj ncees, tab sis disenfranchised tub txib Lisa.

Lawv tag nrho cov pab tus nyeem ntawv mus nrhiav lub comedy nyob rau hauv nws ib tug sib sib zog nqus philosophical subtext.

Peb txhais tau raws li nyob rau hauv "Woe los ntawm wit" lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - lub tswv yim ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm. Peb yuav hais tias Chatsky ntse? Zoo, yog thiab tsis yog. Nws muaj ib tug to taub txog lub zog ntawm kev kawm, tab sis muaj yog tsis muaj kev sib cuag nrog neeg. Peb yuav tsis ncaj ncees: nws kev txawj ntse tsis muaj nyiaj mus pub cov tswv yim no rau cov pej xeem.

Alexander ideologically txwv FAMUSOV. Peb yuav hais tias nws yog ntse? Zoo, yog thiab tsis yog. Nws tsis paub hais tias cov feudal lub xeev yog tsiv ntawm ib tug kev puas tsuaj, tawm tsam kom muaj outdated kev txiav txim. Tab sis seb nws yog ruam? Tsis yog. Feem ntau cov yuav, nws cia li nyob rau hnub no. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tsis yog ib qho piv txwv Chatsky muaj ib tug tej yam kev raws li txoj cai: lub txiv ntawm tsev neeg, nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog zej zog, xws li taw qhia kom paub nyob rau hauv cov neeg ... Nws lub tsev yog lub nyob ze zej zog mus rau lub aristocracy yog qhov chaw ntawm kev sib raug lub neej.

Xaus: Txhua yam ntawm cov heroes ntawm lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los, lawv kub siab - ncov qaumteb qabteb opposites. Ib tug to taub lub foundations txoj kev ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov haiv neeg thiab yuav tsis muag lawv. Lwm, nyob rau hauv tus, (nws yuav nrhiav tau cov lus hais tias koj xav mus hais koj "puab vajvoog"), tab sis tsis xav txog qhov pro-Western xav Chatsky ncaj ncees, preferring mus "yawg suab olden lub sij hawm."

Qhov teeb meem yog hais tias lub siab ntawm ob tug txiv neej yog aimed ntawm kev sib nrig sib xws, thiab tsis nyob rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov haiv neeg. Qhov no yog tus tub ntxhais lub tswv yim rooted nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm cov artist. Yeej muaj tseeb classic hais tias: "Qhov teeb meem ntawm Russia - fools thiab txoj kev"