Chatsky duab ( "Woe los ntawm wit"). Cov yam ntxwv Chatsky

Comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" - tus naas ej ua hauj lwm ntawm A. S. Griboedova. Composing nws, tus sau tam sim ntawd sawv rau ib tug par nrog cov uas paj huam ntawm nws lub sij hawm. Cov tsos ntawm no ua si provoked ib tug cus ciav teb nyob rau hauv cov zajlus voj voog. Muaj ntau pib ceev mus qhia lawv cov kev xav txog cov kev txawj thiab weaknesses ntawm qhov khoom. Tshwj xeeb yog rhuab sib cav tswv yim tau tshwm sim los rau hauv cov duab Chatsky - lub cim tseem ceeb comedy. Qhov kev piav qhia ntawm no cim yuav tsum mob siab rau mus rau qhov tsab xov xwm no.

prototypes Chatsky

Contemporaries A. S. Griboedova pom hais tias tus duab nco lawv Chatsky P. Ya. Chaadaeva. Qhov no twb taw tes qhia tawm los ntawm Pushkin nyob rau hauv nws tsab ntawv mus rau P. A. Vyazemskomu nyob rau hauv 1823. Indirect kabke ntawm no version, ib co kev soj ntsuam pom tau hais tias tus thawj tswv tsev comedy hero ris lub npe ntawm Chad. Txawm li cas los, muaj ntau yam refute no lub tswv yim. Raws li lwm lub hom phiaj, cov duab Chatsky - ib tug rog xav txog ntawm cov ua cim lub biography thiab V. K. Kyuhelbekera. Disgraced, lub tsis muaj hmoo, uas twb cia li xa rov qab los ntawm txawv teb chaws, ib tug neeg yuav yooj yim ua qhov chiv keeb ntawm cov hero ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit".

Cov kev zoo sib thooj nrog tus sau Chatsky

Nws yog pom tseeb tias lub ntsiab hero ntawm cov kev ua si nyob rau hauv nws monologues qhia cov kev xav thiab kev ntseeg uas muaj nyob rau nws tus kheej Griboyedov. "Woe los ntawm wit" - ib tug comedy uas los ua ib tug tus kheej manifesto ntawm tus sau tiv thaiv tus cuj pwm thiab kev sib raug zoo evils ntawm aristocratic Lavxias teb sab zej zog. Thiab ntau qhov zoo Chatsky li yog theej los ntawm tus sau nws tus kheej. Raws li contemporaries, Alexander yog lam ua thiab kub, tej zaum cov neeg sab nraud thiab ntse. Chatsky views on imitation ntawm neeg txawv teb chaws, lub inhumanity ntawm serfdom, bureaucracy - tus thawj lub tswv yim ntawm Griboyedov. Nws pheej qhia lawv haiv neeg. Kws ntawv txawm ib zaug tau hu ua lawv vwm thaum nws yog kub thiab impartially hais txog servile hwm mus rau tag nrho Lavxias teb sab txawv teb chaws ntawm kev xwm txheej.

Tus sau lub characterization ntawm tus hero

Nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau criticisms ntawm nws collaborator thiab cov neeg uas coj cov phooj ywg P. A. Katenina hais tias cov cim ntawm lub protagonist "inconsistent", uas yog heev inconsistent, Griboyedov sau tias: "Nyob rau hauv kuv 25 comedy fools rau ib tug paub tab paub xav tus txiv neej." Chatsky duab rau tus sau - ib tug portrait ntawm ib tug ntse thiab zoo-kawm ntawv tug tub hluas ntes tau nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim teeb meem no. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub "protivurechii nrog haiv neeg" raws li "ib tug me ntsis ntau dua lwm yam" tsis paub lawv superiority, thiab tsis sim mus nkaum nws. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, Alexander A. yuav caum tsis cuag lub qub qhov chaw nyob ntawm nws tus hluas nkauj, vim lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tus nrog sib ntaus, thiab txawm poob nthav ntog mus rau hauv cov qeb ntawm kev vwm, dab tsi pom kawg. Ntev ardor ntawm nws tus cwj pwm piav Griboyedov muaj zog chim siab nyob rau hauv kev hlub. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv "Woe los ntawm wit" duab Chatsky muab li incoherent thiab inconsistent. Nws yog tag nrho, "spat nyob rau hauv nws ob lub qhov muag thiab twb ploj mus."

Chatsky nyob rau hauv tus txhais lus los ntawm Pushkin

Cov kws sau paj lug tau criticized lub cim tseem ceeb comedy. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm Pushkin Griboyedov qhuas: nws nyiam lub comedy "Woe los ntawm wit". Cov yam ntxwv Chatsky nyob rau hauv tus txhais lus los ntawm tus poj poet yog heev unflattering. Nws hu Alexander Andreyevich li ib txwm hero-arguer, lub ncauj npog ncig ntawm cov tswv yim rau hauv lub xwb ntse txiv neej nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si - ntawm Griboyedov. Nws ntseeg hais tias lub cim tseem ceeb - ib tug "zoo khub", uas tau qhab nia zoo heev xav thiab witticisms los ntawm lwm tus txiv neej thiab pib mus rau "cam khwb cia pearls" ua ntej Repetilov thiab lwm yam cov neeg sawv cev famusovskogo tus neeg zov. Raws li Pushkin, cov cwj pwm no yog inexcusable. Nws ntseeg hais tias lub contradictory thiab inconsistent Chatsky - ib tug rog xav txog ntawm nws tus kheej stupidity uas muab cov hero nyob rau hauv ib tug tragicomic teeb meem no.

Chatsky cim, raws li Belinsky

Ib tug zoo-paub critic nyob rau hauv 1840, raws li tau zoo raws li Pushkin tsis kam mus ua si qhov cim tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib cov tswv yim siab. Nws txhais tau cov duab raws li ib daim duab Chatsky kiag li tsis zoo, naïve thiab dreamy, thiab dubbed tus "tshiab Don Quixote." Thaum lub sij hawm, Belinsky dog dig hloov lawv taw tes ntawm view. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov comedy "Woe los ntawm wit" nyob rau hauv nws txhais los ua heev zoo. Nws hu ua nws ib tug tawm tsam tawm tsam cov "kev phem raseyskoy kev muaj tiag" thiab suav hais tias yog "noble, humanist ua hauj lwm". Qhov tseeb complexity ntawm daim duab Chatsky critic tsis pom.

Chatsky duab: txhais lus nyob rau hauv lub 1860s

Publicists thiab critics ntawm lub 1860s pib tus cwj pwm coj tus cwj pwm Chatsky tsuas kev tseem ceeb thiab socio-thoj motives. Piv txwv li, A. I. Gertsen pom nyob rau hauv lub rog xav txog ntawm lub protagonist ntawm cov kev ua si "ulterior vim li cas" Griboyedov. Nws ntseeg hais tias cov duab Chatsky portrait Decembrist revolutionary. Critic A. A. Grigorev pom Aleksandre Andreeviche txiv neej sib ntaus sib tua lub evils ntawm kev kawm zej zog. Rau nws, lub heroes ntawm "Woe los ntawm wit" - qhov no yog qhov cim tsis "high" comedy, thiab "high" qee. Nyob rau hauv xws kev kho mob zoo li Chatsky tsis tshua muaj neeg sau ua ke thiab txhais heev tug-ib tog.

Tsos Chatsky Goncharov

Ivan Aleksandrovich nyob rau hauv nws tseem ceeb heev txoj kev tshawb no "zillion torment" hais qhov feem ntau insightful thiab yog tsom xam ntawm cov kev ua si "Woe los ntawm wit". Cov yam ntxwv Chatsky, raws li Goncharov, yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv view ntawm nws lub xeev ntawm lub siab. Tsis zoo siab txoj kev hlub rau Sophia ua comedy protagonist tsib thiab yuav luag tsis tau, yuam hais qhov ntev monologues ua ntej tsis muaj ab tsi mus rau nws lub fiery has lug hab ntawm cov neeg. Yog li, tsis xaiv txoj kev hlub yi, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom to taub lub comic thiab lub tragic xwm ntawm ob Chatsky duab.

Cov teeb meem ntawm cov kev ua si

Heroes "Woe los ntawm wit" Griboyedov ntsib ob zajlus-teeb meem: hlub (Chatsky thiab Sofia) thiab socio-ideological (famusovskogo haiv neeg thiab lub protagonist). Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau lub forefront nws yog tus social teeb meem ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm, tab sis kuj yog ib tug hlub kab nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Tom qab Chatsky txawm ceev nrooj moog rau Moscow rau ib tug lub rooj sib tham heev dua lwm yam nrog Sophia. Yog li ntawd, ob qhov teeb meem - lub socio-ideological thiab kev hlub - txhawb thiab ntxiv rau txhua lwm yam. Lawv tsim nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus thiab Attendance tsim nyog rau kev to taub lub ntiaj teb no, xwm, psychology thiab kev sib raug zoo comedy heroes.

Lub protagonist. Tsis sib haum ntawm kev hlub

Lub cim nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si Chatsky system yog nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab ntawm qhov chaw. Nws txuas lub ob storylines ua ke. Rau Alexander Andreyevich yog uas tseem ceeb yog txoj kev hlub muaj teeb meem. Nws yog tag nrho paub txog cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib haiv neeg uas yog, thiab tsis yog yuav mus koom nyob rau hauv kev kawm. Yog vim li cas rau nws ceev ceev hais lus zoo, tsis nom tswv, thiab puas siab puas ntsws. "Ua zoo dev tom ntawm Nrog tu," tus tub hluas muaj thoob plaws rau tag nrho cov kev txiav txim ntawm cov kev ua si.

Ua ntej, "talkativeness" Chatsky tshwm sim los ntawm txoj kev kaj siab ntawm lub rooj sib tham nrog Sophia. Thaum tus hero realizes hais tias cov laus txoj kev xav rau nws tus hluas nkauj twb ploj mus, nws pib mus ua inconsistent thiab daring deeds. Nws tseem nyob rau hauv lub tsev Famusov ib lub hom phiaj: mus nrhiav seb leej twg yog tus tshiab lover ntawm Sofia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog heev cuab kev, "lub siab nrog lub plawv tawm ntawm tune."

Tom qab Chatsky paub txog kev sib raug zoo Molchalin thiab Sofia, nws sau mus rau lwm yam extreme. Es tsis txhob hlub xav nws npog bitterness thiab npau taws heev heev. Nws kaw rau tus hluas nkauj hais tias nws muaj "kev cia siab ntxias", tau hais khov kho hais tias nws lub severance ntawm kev sib raug zoo, nthe hais tias "... kiag sobered," tab sis nws yuav nchuav ntawm lub ntiaj teb no "tag nrho cov kua tsib thiab tag nrho cov kev chim siab."

Lub protagonist. Tej teeb meem socio-thoj

Hlub yaam puab paub ua rau kom cov ideological confrontation ntawm Alexander Andreyevich thiab famusovskogo zej zog. Thawj Chatsky hais txog cov Moscow aristocracy nrog ironic tranquility: "... Kuv eccentrics lwm txuj ci tseem ceeb / luag ib zaug, ces tsis nco qab nws ..." Txawm li cas los, raws li nws yog convinced ntawm indifference Sophia, nws hais lus yog ua ntau bold thiab unrestrained. Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv Moscow pib thab plaub nws. Chatsky muaj feem xyuam rau lawv monologues ntau cov tshuaj pleev teeb meem ntawm kev kawm era: rau lo lus nug ntawm lub teb chaws yog leej twg, serfdom, kev kawm ntawv thiab paub txog, qhov kev pab no thiab thiaj li nyob. Nws hais txog loj tej yam, tab sis lub siab ntws, raws li I. A. Goncharova, nyob rau hauv lub "exaggeration, nyob rau hauv ib tug yuav luag qaug cawv hais lus."

Tuab si lug ntawm lub protagonist

Chatsky duab - ib tug portrait ntawm ib tug txiv neej nrog ib tug tsim system ntawm kev tseem ceeb, ideology thiab morality. Nws hais tias lub ntsiab qauv tshau rau kev luj xyuas tus neeg caum qab ntawm kev txawj ntse, mus rau ib tug zoo nkauj thiab lofty teeb meem. Alexander Andreyevich tsis ua hauj lwm tiv thaiv qhov zoo ntawm lub xeev. Tab sis li qhia siv kuj hais ntxiv txog qhov sib txawv ntawm "pab" thiab "tus me nyuam muas lwj", uas hniav yuav tsum muaj qhov tseem ceeb. Chatsky tsis ntshai pej xeem lub tswv yim, tsis paub txog txoj cai, preserves nws kev ywj siab, yog dab tsi nws ua rau kev ntshai nyob rau hauv Moscow aristocrats. Lawv yog cov npaj txhij mus paub txog Aleksandre Andreeviche txaus ntshai ntxeev siab, ib puag ncig nyob rau hauv dawb ceev tshaj plaws qhov tseem ceeb. Ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm famusovskogo haiv neeg Chatsky tus cwj pwm yog atypical, thiab yog li ntawd - yog reprehensible. Nws raug "muaj cuab kav nrog nom tswv," tab sis tsis siv nws sib txuas. Nyob rau hauv kev nyob Famusov "tag nrho" lub luag hauj lwm contemptuous tsis kam.

Lom zem ntau pom zoo nrog nws hero Griboyedov. Chatsky duab - ib hom ntawm ib tug enlightened neeg, dawb do qhia lawv cov kev xav. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nws lus hais tsis yog radical thiab revolutionary lub tswv yim. Cia li nyob rau hauv ib tug conservative haiv neeg famusovskom tej sib txawv ntawm lub niaj zaus cai mas outrageous thiab txaus ntshai. Tsis rau ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub kawg, Alexander Andreyevich muaj leej twg paub insane. Heroes "Woe los ntawm wit" yog tib txoj kev yuav piav rau lawv tus kheej lub ywj pheej ntawm kev txiav txim Chatsky.

xaus

Nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub, nws tseem ntau yam dua puas tau ua si "Woe los ntawm wit". Chatsky duab nyob rau hauv ib tug comedy - lub hauv paus daim duab, uas yuav pab kom cov neeg sau ntawm tag nrho cov ntiaj teb no mus qhia lawv cov kev xav thiab views. Yuav Alexander Sergeyevich ua hauj lwm rau hauv lub protagonist yog muab tso rau hauv tragicomic cov ntsiab lus uas. Nws jerky accusatory hais lus tshwm sim los chim siab nyob rau hauv kev hlub. Txawm li cas los, cov teeb meem tsa nyob rau hauv nws monologues - nyob mus ib txhis ntxhais. Nws yog ua tsaug rau lawv comedy koom rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub npe nrov tshaj tej hauj lwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv.