Arts thiab lom ze, Ntaub ntawv
Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm XIX-XX centuries. piv txwv
Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv - ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab. Ib tug kws sau paj lug los yog ib tug txawj sau ntawv opens nws txawj nyeem ntawv longing ntsuj plig, cwj pwm txawv, kev txom nyem. Thiab cov lyrics, qhov no yeej ib txwm tau nyob rau hauv coob. Tseeb, ib tug yuav tsis to taub lub ntsiab ntawm tus sau txoj kev xav rau lawv tus kheej muaj tswv yim, sib nrauj ntawm philosophical prose, tab sis lo lus ntawm kev hlub yog hais nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem yog li muaj uas tso cai rau koj mus thov lawv nyob rau hauv tej yam. Nyob rau hauv dab tsi ua hauj lwm tshwj xeeb luj lug reflected lub ntsiab ntawm kev hlub? Yuav ua li cas yog cov peculiarities ntawm lub xaav ntawm tus sau phau ntawv ntawm no lawm? Qhov no yuav qhia rau peb cov tsab xov xwm no.
Ib qhov chaw ntawm kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv
Hlub yeej ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv ntaub ntawv. Yog hais tias peb tham txog domestic khoom, ces tuaj sai li sai tau mus mloog Peter thiab Fevronia ntawm Murom ntawm tus tshiab Ermolai-Erasmus, hais txog ancient ntaub ntawv. Nco qab tias thaum lwm yam, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub Christian, twb taboo. Qhov no daim ntawv ntawm cov kos duab yog nruj me ntsis kev cai dab qhuas.
Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv sawv nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo. Lub impetus rau nws txoj kev loj hlob tau txais kev pab Trediakovskij translations ntawm tej hauj lwm los ntawm txawv teb chaws sau phau ntawv, tom qab twb tau sau hais txog qhov zoo txoj kev hlub thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus txiv neej thiab cov poj niam nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe. Tom ntej no twb Lomonosov, Derzhavin, Zhukovsky, Karamzin.
Kev nws heyday hlub ntsiab nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv mus txog rau lub XIX caug xyoo. Qhov no era muab lub ntiaj teb no Pushkin, Lermontov, Tolstoy, Turgenev thiab ntau lwm luminaries. Txhua txawj sau ntawv tau nws tus kheej, mas koj tus kheej tseeb rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev hlub, uas yuav tsum tau nyeem los ntawm cov kab ntawm nws creativity.
Hlub kwv huam ntawm Pushkin: lub hauv paus rau innovation
Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tshwj xeeb heights hu nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Pushkin. Lyrics glorifying no lub teeb lawm, nws yog neeg nplua nuj, multifaceted thiab encompasses ib tug tag nrho series ntawm cov nta. Cia peb kawm lawv.
- Vnezhanrovost. Txoj kev hlub lyrics Pushkin kiag li subordinates daim ntawv ntsiab lus, abandons uas twb muaj lawm canons. Peb tsis nrhiav nyob rau hauv nws Elegy, song, los yog cov lus. Thiab nws yog ib tug ua hauj lwm, mus muab cov lwm yam. Ua piv txwv li yog lub npe hu mus rau tag nrho cov paj huam "Rau **** 'nplooj siab A. P. Kern. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, cov lus ntawm (ib hom ntawv nyeem yog kom meej meej pom), tab sis muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm romance (qhia tawm heev tus kheej yaam puab paub, ua hauj lwm incredibly suab paj nruas thiab melodious), thiab txawm ib tug Elegy (tig).
- Lub kaw lus tshiab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb. Romanticism - ib tug tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub cwm pwm ntawm tus neeg sau, ib tug kho siab, ntxeev siab, tawm tsam rau lub ntiaj teb no. Pushkin yog nyob rau hauv lwm cov kev taw qhia: nws cov kwv huam yog tag nrho ntawm worldly txawj ntse thiab tib neeg. Cov txheejtxheem kev ua hauj lwm, "Kuv hlub koj" - no ua ib yam dab tsi tshiab tshaj li ib tug paj huam hais txog unrequited hlub. Pushkin yoojyim cov kev xaiv ntawm ib tug poj niam, txawm yog hais tias nws tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws haum. Lub romantic tej hauj lwm nws yuav tsum yog ib tug xwm txheej no, ib tug whirlwind ntawm passion. Pushkin tsis foom phem rau nws tus hlub (raws li nws yuav nyob rau hauv cov romantic kws sau paj lug) - nws nws tsaug uas nws txoj kev kaj lug lawm, uas tau qhia rau nws. Alexander thim xim rau nws tus hlub, es nws tus kheej-kev hlub.
- Hlub Pushkin - tsis yog ib qho anomaly, tab sis ib tug lub xeev ntuj ntawm tus txiv neej. Yog hais tias nws tsis yog kev sib nrig sib - uas yog tsis muaj yog vim li cas raug kev txom nyem. Cov kws sau paj lug zoo siab txawm unrequited hlub. Piv txwv li - "Hmo ntuj taws kub nnyiab ya lies nyob rau hauv toj ntawm Georgia". Cov kwv huam ntawm unrequited hlub yog tag nrho ntawm "kaj siab". Tus sau hais tias "gloom" nws tsis thab. Nws pom tau tias lub neej-lees cim.
Hlub raws li ib tug rog xav txog ntawm koj tus kheej zoo nyob rau hauv "Evgenii Onegine"
"Eugene Onegin" - ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv suab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog impressively. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias tsis yog ib tug lawm, thiab nws cov evolution thoob plaws lub neej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev hlub qhia cov yooj yim imagery ntawm tus tshiab.
Nyob rau hauv lub center ntawm zaj dab neeg tus hero, uas nws lub npe yog nws nyob rau hauv lub title. Tus nyeem ntawv yog yuam kom thoob plaws hauv lub tshiab tsim txom lo lus nug: Yuav ib tug hlub Eugene? Coj mus nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub fashionable tsam mores ntawm lub neej, nws yog deprived ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm lub siab dawb paug. Ua nyob rau hauv ib tug "sab ntsuj plig tuag kawg", nws muaj raws li Tatiana Larina, uas, tsis zoo li nws, yog tau ua tsaug thiab selflessly hlub.
Tatiana sau ib tsab ntawv hlub rau Onegin, nws yog kov los ntawm no ua los ntawm kev tus hluas nkauj, tab sis tsis tau ntxiv lawm. Chim, Larina pom zoo mus rau lub neej nrog rau lub unloved, thiab mus rau St. Petersburg.
Lub rooj sib tham dhau ntawm Onegin thiab Tatiana tshwm sim tom qab ib tug ob peb xyoos. Eugene pom tau hais tias ib tug ntxhais hluas nyob rau hauv kev hlub, tab sis nws rejects nws. Poj niam lees hais tias nws tseem hlub, tab sis ua txhua yam los ntawm sib yuav.
Yog li, lub protagonist Romana Pushkina tsis qhov kev kuaj ntawd kev hlub, nws yog ntshai ntawm tag nrho cov-consuming lawm tsis lees paub nws. Epiphany tuaj lig dhau lawm.
Lyubov Lermontova - ib tug unattainable zoo tagnrho
Lwm yog txoj kev hlub ntawm ib tug poj niam rau Lermontov. Rau nws, ib tug zoo nkaus li uas absorbs tag nrho tib neeg, ib tug dag zog yuam uas tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsis yeej. Hlub Lermontov - nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas mas nws yeej yuav ua rau tib neeg raug kev txom nyem, "Txhua quaj uas hlub".
Cov lyrics yog inextricably txuas nrog cov poj niam nyob rau hauv lub kws sau paj lug lub neej. Katerina Sushkova - ib tug hluas nkauj, uas Lermontov poob nyob rau hauv 16 lub xyoos. Kwv huam nplooj siab rau nws lub siab lub ntsws tham txog unrequited txoj kev xav, xav nrhiav tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug poj niam, tab sis kuj yog ib tug phooj ywg.
Natalya Ivanova, tom ntej no poj niam nyob rau hauv Lermontov lub neej, nws reciprocated. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, nyob rau hauv cov kwv huam ntawm lub sij hawm no, ntau kev zoo siab, tiam sis ntawm no yog to yim pab ntawm kev dag ntxias. Natalya ho tsis to taub qhov sib sib zog nqus ntawm sab ntsuj plig koom haum ntawm lub kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv ntau lub respects. Cov kev kawm ntawm tej khoom tseem tau hloov: lawv yog tam sim no teem rau lub siab thiab passions.
Heev txawv qhia tau txog ib kev sib raug zoo nrog Varvaroy Lopuhinoy. Hlub yog imbued nrog tag nrho cov essence ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, nws hais tias ntawm nws xwm, txawm lub teb chaws.
Hlub ua ib tug thov Vajtswv nyob rau hauv cov kwv huam nplooj siab rau Mary Scherbatova. Nws yog sau xwb 3 daim, tab sis txhua tus ntawm lawv - ib tug masterpiece, ib zaj nkauj hlub. Raws li Lermontov, nws pom tias tib tug poj niam uas to taub nws kiag li. Hlub nyob rau hauv cov kwv huam yog contradictory: muaj peev xwm yuav kho tsis tau, tab sis kuj yuav ua mob rau, rau txim tuag thiab rov qab mus rau lub neej.
Nyuaj txoj kev mus rau kev zoo siab heroes "ua tsov ua rog thiab kev sib haum xeeb" Tolstoy
Xav yuav ua li cas hlub yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv cov ntawv tseeb, koj yuav tsum nres thiab saib ntsoov rau tej hauj lwm ntawm Leo Tolstoy. Nws epic "ua tsov ua rog thiab kev sib haum xeeb" - ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas hlub cas kov txhua lub cim. Tom qab tag nrho, "xav tias cov tsev neeg", uas occupies ib tug central chaw nyob rau hauv lub tshiab, yog inseparably txuas nrog kev hlub.
Txhua yam ntawm cov dluab, uas txoj kev nyuab, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub kawg yog ib tug neej zoo siab. Muaj kev zam: Tolstoy txo nws hwj ib hom ntawm equate tus tib neeg muaj peev xwm hlub zoo siab hlo thiab kev ncaj ncees kev coj dawb huv. Tab sis qhov no zoo yog tsim nyog mus cuag ib tug succession ntawm kev txom nyem, uas tsis tias nws thiaj li ntxuav plig thiab ua rau nws siv lead ua ntshiab, muaj peev xwm hlub.
Cia peb rov qab lub nyuaj txoj kev mus rau kev zoo siab Andreya Bolkonskogo. Inspired los ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm Lisa tus, nws xav yuav nws, tab sis kom txias sai sai, chim nyob rau hauv sib yuav. Nws realizes hais tias nws tus poj niam tau xaiv ib tug dawb paug thiab puas. Tom ntej no - ua tsov ua rog, lub ntuj ntawm Austerlitz thiab cov ntoo qhib - ib lub cim ntawm kev kaj siab ntawm txoj kev vam meej, lub neej. Hlub rau Natasha Rostova - tias yog dab tsi muab tub huabtais Bolkonsky ua tsis taus pa ntawm huab cua ntshiab.
Kuaj cov hlub nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm I. S. Turgeneva
Dluab ntawm kev hlub nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo - hais tias tus heroes ntawm Turgenev. Sau ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum nqa tawm lub xeem uas lawm.
Cov tsuas yog ib qho uas sau nws - Arkady Bazarov ntawm "txiv thiab cov tub." Tej zaum yog vim li cas nws yog qhov zoo tagnrho hero ntawm Turgenev.
Nihilist tsis txhua yam nyob ib ncig ntawm Bazarov hu hlub "dev paus", qhov no yog tsuas yog ib tug mob los ntawm uas koj muaj peev xwm rov qab rau nws. Txawm li cas los, tom qab lub rooj sib tham nrog annoy Odintsovoy thiab poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog nws, nws hloov tsis tau tsuas yog lawv qhov tseeb rau hauv no lawm, tab sis lub ntiaj teb no raws li ib tug tag nrho.
Bazarov lees Anna Sergeyevna nyob rau hauv kev hlub, tab sis nws rejects nws. Tus ntxhais yog tsis npaj rau ib tug loj kev sib raug zoo, yuav tsis tsis kam lawv tus kheej rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lwm, txawm tias ib tug hlub ib tug. Ntawm no nws yog tsis nyob rau hauv lub xeem Turgenev. Thiab Bazarov - tus khiav, nws los ua ib tug hero, uas ntsia rau ib tug txawj sau ntawv nyob rau hauv lub "Noble zes", "Rudin", "Ace" thiab lwm yam hauj lwm.
"Xib Hwb thiab Margarita" - ib tug mystical kev hlub zaj dabneeg
Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yog loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, loj hlob muaj zog. Tsis txawj sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug ntawm no era tsis dhau lub ntsiab lus no tog. Yog, nws yuav hloov, piv txwv li, kev hlub rau cov neeg (txheejtxheem Gorky lub Danko) los yog teb (qhov no yog tej zaum ib tug loj ib feem ntawm lub tswv yim tej hauj lwm ntawm Mayakovsky los yog tsov rog xyoo). Tab sis muaj ib tug exceptional ntaub ntawv hais txog kev hlub: nws yog soulful kwv huam Esenin, paj huam ntawm lub nyiaj muaj hnub nyoog. Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov prose - yog feem ntau ib tug "Xib Hwb thiab Margarita" los ntawm Mikhail Bulgakov.
Hlub tshwm sim nruab nrab ntawm cov cim - ib tug cia li, nws "jumps" tawm ntawm tsis pom qhov twg. Master thim xim rau cov Marguerite lub qhov muag, tu siab thiab kho siab.
Txawm li cas los, nyob rau ib qho tseem ceeb lub sij hawm ntawd xwb txoj kev hlub yuav pab txuag Margarita Master thiab lawv kev txiav txim zoo, txawm yog hais tias tsis nyob rau hauv tus tib neeg lub ntiaj teb no.
Hlub lyrics Esenina
Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub XX caug xyoo - nws tseem yog ib cov paj huam. Xav txog nyob rau hauv no teeb ua hauj lwm ntawm Sergey Yesenin. Yog li ntawd inextricably txuas nrog lub teeb lawm xwm, kuv hlub nws heev huv thiab ntseeg tau txuas mus rau lub biography ntawm lub kws sau paj lug. Ib tug piv txwv - cov paj huam "ntsuab plaub hau". Ntawm no tag nrho cov ntxim hlub nta ntawm Yesenin L. Kashina (s devoted ua hauj lwm) sawv cev los ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab birches: ib tug nyias lub duav rov sauv, braids ceg.
"Moscow Taverns" qhia ib tug heev txawv txoj kev hlub, tam sim no nws yog "kab mob" thiab "tus kab mob plague". Cov dluab yog txuam feem nrog rau sab ntsuj plig kev paub ntawm cov kws sau paj lug, koj lub uselessness.
Kho mob yuav los nyob rau hauv lub voj voog "Hlub bully". Lub culprit - A. Miklashevsky kho Esenina los ntawm torment. Ib zaug ntxiv, nws ntseeg hais tias muaj yog kev hlub muaj tseeb, inspiring thiab regenerating.
Nyob rau hauv nws cov nag kwv huam Yesenin foom phem rau cov falsity thiab insincerity ntawm cov poj niam, nws ntseeg hais tias qhov no zoo nkaus li yuav tsum tau heev tiag tiag thiab reassuring, muab tus txiv neej nws footing. Xws li, piv txwv li, cov paj huam "Cov nplooj yog ntog, poob nplooj ...".
Cov paj huam ntawm lub nyiaj hnub nyoog ntawm kev hlub
Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub nyiaj muaj hnub nyoog - nws ua hauj lwm tsis tau tsuas yog S.Yesenin tab sis Anna Akhmatova, Marina Tsvetaeva, Alexander BLOK, Osip Mandelstam thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Lawv tag nrho cov koom ib tug heev nyias kev puas hlwb lub koom haum, thiab kev txom nyem thiab kev zoo siab - cov no yog cov ntsiab companions ntawm cov qhov muse ntawm paj huam thiab poetesses.
Piv txwv ntawm kev hlub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub XX caug xyoo - nws yog qhov zoo Anna Akhmatova thiab Marina Tsvetaeva. Xeem - "quivering maum muas lwj", sensual, lam tau lam ua. Hlub rau nws - lub ntsiab ntawm lub neej, dab tsi ua rau tsis tsuas tsim, tab sis kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. "Kuv hlub uas koj muaj mob yog tsis yog kuv" - nws masterpiece, tag nrho ntawm lub teeb kev tu siab thiab contradictions. Thiab hais tias yog lub Tsvetaeva. Nyob rau hauv tib lyricism impregnated paj huam "Nag hmo nyob rau hauv lub ob lub qhov muag." Qhov no yog tej zaum ib tug zoo ntawm zaj nkauj rau tag nrho cov poj niam razlyublennyh: "Kuv cov kwv, kuv ua li cas?".
Kuj muaj ntau txoj kev hlub lub ntsiab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm Anna Akhmatova. Qhov no yog qhov nro ntawm tag nrho cov tsis totaub thiab lub siab ntawm tus txiv neej. Akhmatova nws tus kheej muab nws ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm cov kev txiav txim - "fifth lub caij". Tab sis yog hais tias nws twb tsis yog rau nws - yuav tsis tau pom lwm yam plaub hlau. Kev hlub ntawm tus kws sau paj lug - nrov nrov, vseutverzhdayuschaya rov qab rau ntuj hauv paus ntsiab lus.
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