Lub tswvyim muaj: ib qho piv txwv. Lub tswvyim muaj ib tug ncaj qha hais lus

Scheme muaj Lavxias teb sab lus tsim nyog los piav qhia txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm punctuations. Lawv yog cov tseem tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub tsom xam ntawm lub syntactic unit, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias nws yog ib tug complex kab lus. Direct hais lus yog ib qhov nyuaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua schoolchild. Yog hais tias nyob rau theem ntawm txoj kev tshawb no ntawm no lub npe kawm yuav ua li cas mus yuav ib tug uas tsim nyog graphical piav - kiag li tsis muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov cim. Cia peb soj ntsuam li cas yog lub tswv yim txog daim duab piv txwv yooj yim xav txog tag nrho cov hom ntawm complex, thiab cov chav nyob nrog lawv hais lus. Qhov no yuav pab tau ntau heev rau hauv no lub npe.

Yuav ua li cas yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim tswvyim

Yuav pib nrog peb yuav to taub hais tias qhov no tswvyim muaj, thiab yog vim li cas nws yuav tsum tau. Muaj ntau xav txog qhov no caij parsing ib whim ntawm ib tug xib fwb uas tsis muaj tej yam ntsiab lus. Qhov no yog tsis yog li ntawd. Ib tug zoo crafted duab cim yuav pab tau nyob rau hauv lub soj ntxiv ntawm syntactic units.

Yuav ua li cas yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm lub tswvyim?

1. Predicative hauv paus. Thawj Tswj Tsev Kawm ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua pov thawj tias peb yeej muaj (tom qab tag nrho, raws li qhov no feature thiab paub qhov txawv nws los ntawm cov kab lus), zoo-txhais kev kawm thiab predicate syntax pab xa mus rau ib tug-piece tsev los yog ib tug ob-feem.
2. Yog hais tias lub tswv yim yog txoj, cov tsev koom nyiaj qhia txuas ib feem. Cov khoom muaj cim hais tias lawv yog siv nrog homogeneous neeg.
3. Scheme muaj complicating ntsiab yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Cov nram qab no soj ntsuam uas sawv daws yuav.

Nws tseem yog muaj nqis mentioning uas lub duab zaub muaj txais uas xa tuaj nrog sau rau hauv. Nyob rau hauv lawv yog txhua txhua yam yooj yim kab lus. Square nkhaus yog cov ua tau tej yam yooj yim cov kab lus thiab lawv yog cov tib nyob rau hauv cov qauv thiab slozhnosochinennogo conjunctionless. Thaum nws los txog rau lub tsim ntawm complex syntax, cov ntsiab ib feem ntawm nws yog muab ntim rau hauv square nkhaus thiab paranasal - nyob rau hauv lub round.

Lub nyuab tswv yim

Raws li tau piav saum toj no, muaj ib tug yooj yim Circuit Court tej zaum yuav muaj complicating nws hais. Ntawm no lawv muaj, muab piv txwv.

1. Homogeneous cov ntsiab lus uas. Lawv yog cov nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim yog cov nram qab no. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav generalized lo lus nrog homogeneous neeg. Nws yog denoted los ntawm tsab ntawv "o" uas xa tuaj nrog nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog.
2. Sib cais txhais (muab kev koom tes rpm): "Nroj tsuag yuav tsum laus kho mob, nws yog tsim nyog los faib cov menyuam kawm ntawv caij so." Lub tswv yim txog yog kev koom tes ntawm lub turnover los tom qab txhais lo lus "nroj tsuag". Raws li, nws yuav tsum tau reflected nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim, raws li zoo raws li ib feem ntawm cov kab lus uas tus. [X, | PO |, =]. Nws yuav tsis tsuas tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv revolutions, raws li inconsistent txhais cov ntsiab lus pom zoo, hluas thiab muaj heev. Raws li zoo li cov ntawv sau.
3. Cais yam (specifying cov kab lus, hais lus tej txhais me me nqe lus, ib gerunds): "ua tsev, Mary zaum nyeem ib phau ntawv." Qhov no lub tswv yim yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw participial turnover uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court. [| UP |, - =]. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv, thiab nrog ib tug refining turnover. "Nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws lub tsev, nyob rau hauv ib tug txias cellar, khaws cia qab pickles pog." Qhia ntxiv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw sawv tawm commas thiab cim rau daim duab. [X, | PP |, = -].
4. Introductory lus thiab ncig. Cov syntactic ntsiab faib comma, lawv kuj yuav tau ua kom lub tswvyim. Ntawm no yog ib co piv txwv. "Sergei, coj kuv ib tug haus dej ntawm cov dej." Kev Kho Mob "Sergei" yog tso tawm raws li nram no: [O =]. Tsis tas li ntawd nrog rau cov qhib lus: "Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lawv tsis mloog lawv niam lawv txiv." Kev cuam tshuam rau introductory lo lus "thaum kawg" raws li nram no: [-, VV.SL =].

Ib tug yooj yim kab lus

yooj yim kab lus parsing tswvyim yuav dlaim phaj nrog ib qho piv txwv. Peb compose nws thiab muab ib tug tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm qhov syntactic units. "Peb limped mus kev rau lub ramshackle tsev, nkaum nrog bursting nrog greenery."

Ua ntej peb yuav los mus txiav txim lub grammatical hauv paus, nyob ntawm seb tus yam ntxwv thiab Circuit Court proposals. Piv txwv li - ib tug yooj yim ob-feem tswv yim mus rau lub hauv paus, "peb tau tuaj." Ua lub hauv paus rau hauv Circuit Court.

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau saib yog hais tias tus syntactic chav tsev yog nyuab. Los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm cov cim yuav xyuam xim hais tias - yog. Muaj yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib zaug xwb gerund "ceg tawv" thiab muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub rooj "nkaum nrog bursting nrog greenery." Cov ntsiab thiab yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim.

[-, | D |, = X, | PO |]. Ntawm no yog ib daim duab muaj ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov uas peb tau muab thaum pib ntawm tshooj no. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum hais tias nws yog ua los kawm puas muaj tseeb, tab sis ib co kws qhia ntawv yuav ua rau lawv xav tau. Piv txwv li, hais txog ntawm uniformity, sau tag nrho cov theem nrab qhov chaw ntawm cov kab lus. Scheme ces expands thiab yuav tua. Txawm hais tias nws yog tej zaum tsim nyog nyob rau ntawm ib thaum ntxov rau theem kev kawm txog syntax.

compound kab lus

Tam sim no tsom xam hais tias yog graphically tso tawm, complex ua ke. Lub tsuas muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm lawv schemes - txiav txim cov kev txwv ntawm tej yam yooj yim qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm slozhnosochinennogo thiab complex ua ke, vim hais tias lawv schemes radically sib txawv. Yuav pib, tsom xam cov thawj hom. Peb txhais tau cov txawv nta ntawm schemes:

• Cov compound kab lus sib npaug zos qhov chaw, ntsig txog, lawv yog qhia los ntawm square nkhaus.
• Lub Union yog tsis ib feem ntawm tej yam yooj yim ua ke li slozhnosochinennogo yog li ntawd tawm ntawm lub nkhaus.
• Tus yam ntxwv ntawm txhua yam yooj yim ib feem.

Cia peb kawm dab tsi yog npaj tswvyim. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm no: "Cov nag lawm, thiab nyob rau hauv lub ntuj, gleaming neyarkimi rays, lub hnub peeped tawm, tuav tawm kev cia siab rau ib tug zoo hnub."

Yuav pib, cia peb ua pov thawj tias qhov no yog ib tug compound kab lus. Thawj feem muaj ib tug predicative hauv paus ntawm lub "los nag tshaj"; thib ob - "lub hnub peeped." Nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov chaw muaj nqis txuas lo lus "thiab" coordinative. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws hau tus nqi ntawm ib theem zuj zus ntawm cov txheej xwm. Thawj feem, tab sis yog ib qho, tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab. Qhov thib ob yog nyuab thiab muab kev koom tes participial turnovers. Lawv yuav tsum tau qhia mus rau hauv lub Circuit Court. [- =] thiab [..., | UA |, = -, | PO |]. Cia peb ua kom ib tug piav qhia: nws yog tsim nyog nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub thib ob yog ib feem rau muab tso rau lub tsuas me me raws li participial turnover yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab (nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws teeb meem qhov chaw "nyob rau hauv lub ntuj").

complex kab lus

Complex kab lus no muaj ib tug txawv kiag li tswvyim, nws txawv nyob rau hauv cov nram no:

1. Muaj yog ib tug faib nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb thiab lub subordinate, lub tom kawg tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw thiab txawm ua txhaum lub tsev.
2. Lub Union yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm ib tug yooj yim kab lus (nkag mus rau hauv parenthesis).
3. Kev sib txuas lus nruab nrab ntawm cov chaw yuav ua tau txawv, li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub kab rov tav Circuit Court yog tej zaum muaj li ntsug.

Cia peb xav txog tej piv txwv: "Ib ob peb feeb tom qab ntawd nws zoo tag nrho tsev, uas txog thaum tsis ntev los no ciali zoo heev huts, sawv saum ib tug ntsuab lub tiaj nyom."

Lub ntsiab yog ib feem ntawm lub subordinate distinguishes ob yam: firstly, nws yog nug los ntawm ib tug subordinate, ob, nws tsis muaj ib feem ntawm lub union. Raws li, qhov thawj yooj yim kab lus nws yog. Peb vij nws nyob rau hauv square nkhaus. Qhov thib ob lub tswv yim - clause: nws muaj xws li cov union (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no lo lus union). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog rau nws los nug cov lus nug nyob rau hauv feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov lo lus "lub tsev pheeb suab (dab tsi?) Muaj tsis ntev los no ...". Paranasal ib feem yog nyuab muab kev koom tes trafficking. Lub tswvyim yuav: [= -] (uas = X, | PO |).

Lwm cov piv txwv: "lub tsev, qhov chaw uas peb muaj ib tug so nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nyob rau hauv ib tug picturesque chaw, surrounded los ntawm lush tom hav zoov."

Nyob rau hauv no lub tswv yim, qhov teeb meem yog hais tias lub clause "lov" lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub subordinate qhov chaw muaj ib tug yam tab kaum - muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub rooj. Lub tswvyim yuav: [-, (nyob rau - =) = X, | PO |].

Direct hais lus nyob rau ntawm cov kab lus

Yuav ua li cas yog lub tswv yim tswvyim nrog lawv hais lus? Raws li yog lub npe hu, xws li ib tug syntactic tsev muaj ib tug coj txawv txawv hais lus thiab cov lus ntawm tus neeg sau. Nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cas muab pov tseg nrog kev sib hwm rau txhua lwm yam, cov qhov chaw yuav saib tswvyim. Square nkhaus nyob rau hauv txhua chav tsev tivthaiv - lawv yog cov sib npaug.

Lub tswv yim txog: Nws hais tias, "Cia peb tham tim ntsej tim muag" thawj zaug tuaj rau hauv cov lus ntawm tus neeg sau, thiab tom qab ntawd coj nws. Lub tswvyim yuav zoo li no: [A]: "[P.R]" vim hais tias qhov no tsim yog kis tau ncaj qha mus rau tus neeg peb yog, nyob rau hauv lub kawg muaj heev lo lus nug thiab exclamation qhab nia, uas yuav tsum tau reflected nyob rau hauv daim ntawv.

Piv txwv: Tus hluas nkauj muab thiab nug hais tias, "Yuav ua li cas lub sij hawm yog nws." Nco ntsoov tias cov lus uas tus sau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog nyuab los ntawm ib tu gerund. [-, | D |, =]: «[PR?]."

Yuri qw, "Tau down!". [A]: "[PR]!".

Direct hais lus nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib tug kab lus

Lub tswvyim muaj ib tug ncaj qha hais lus, sawv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, nws yuav tsum:

Nws sawv thiab hais tias kom nrov nrov tias: "Kuv tsis xav mus koom nyob rau hauv no lawlessness!" - ces sab laug lub chav tsev nyob.

[A: [ "PR!"] - ib tug].

Nco ntsoov tias tom qab qhov ncaj hais lus ntawm tus neeg sau cov lus yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau hauv me me ntawv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, Yog hais tias ib lo lus nug cim los yog exclamation point yog tsis yuav tsum tau tsis nco qab tom qab direct hais lus.

Piv txwv li: Mary nyeem: "doormat" - thiab mus rau hauv txoj kev hauv tsev. [A: "[PR]" - ib tug].

Direct hais lus nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub kab lus

Direct hais lus tej zaum yuav pib ib kab lus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, xws li ib tug tswvyim:

"Mloog suab nkauj mos mos", - hais tias lub composer thiab pib ua si ib leisurely suab paj nruag.

"[PR]" - [ib tug].

Yog hais tias qhov ncaj hais lus yog ib qho exclamatory los yog ib qho tseem ceeb kab lus - tsis xav tau ib tug tsis nco qab:

"Kuv tuaj nyob rau hauv?" - twb hnov qab lub qhov rooj. "[PR?]" - [ib tug].

"Peb yuav sim dua thiab dua!" - xav kom kuv ntaus kis las. "[PR!]" - [ib tug].

Tam sim no koj yeej paub txog cov theem pib hom ntawm muab thiab schemes.