Lus kho kom zoo Karamzin. Lub essence ntawm lub pros thiab cons ntawm cov lus ntawm Karamzin kho kom zoo

Nikolay Mihaylovich Karamzin yog ib tug tseem ceeb daim duab nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm kev kawm ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog keeb kwm thiab kev kawm yam lus. Nws yog lub taub hau sentimentalistkogo qauv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab tsim tshiab tiam sis nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Nws ua hauj lwm los ua lub npe hu raws li cov lus kho kom zoo Karamzin.

Lub essence ntawm cov lus kho kom zoo

Yuav ua li cas puas tau Nikolai Mikhailovich xav mus cuag nrog kev pab los ntawm nws kho kom zoo? Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, lub Lavxias teb sab lus yog zoo li lub Koom Txoos, thiab ib co nta syntax ua rau nws "heavyweight". Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kws ntawv yog kom tshem tawm feem ntau ntawm cov Latin thiab Slavic lus, ntxiv cov lus los ntawm cov lus Fab Kis, uas yog xam tau tias yog cov lus uas cov enlightened thiab kawm ntawv cov neeg.

Principles of lus Karamzin kho kom zoo

Nws lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm tus kws pom yog ua nyob rau hauv noble haiv neeg sau zoo li tham. Yuav kom tsim ib tug "tshiab lub suab," Karamzin repelled los ntawm lus nta Lomonosov. Nws Odes muaj feem ntau siv tsis yooj yim thiab obsolete lus, uas ib txhia sau ntawv muab tso rau hauv ib tug yooj yim txoj hauj lwm. Ib tug ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Nikolai Mikhailovich yog kom coj sau ntawv rau cov lus hais lus.

Yuav kom qhov no yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm tag nrho cov staroslavyanizmy lus. Tab sis kiag li muab lawv, dhau lawm, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua - nws yuav mus rau deprive lub Lavxias teb sab lus cov hauv paus hniav, richness thiab tshwj xeeb ntxim nyiam. Yog li ntawd, cov nram qab no ntawm staroslavyanizmy raug sab laug:

• paj huam muaj Hawj txawm;
• siv rau artistic hom phiaj;
• siv los sis ib tug keeb kwm ntu.

Lwm txoj ntsiab cai ntawm lub "tshiab" lub suab yog mus piv rau lub tswv yim, piv txwv li kev hloov ntawm hnyav, ntev, "Lomonosov" designs rau ib tug yooj yim to taub lub tswv yim. Nws tau txiav txim siab yuav hloov tau tag nrho cov tsev koom nyiaj nrog Laus Slavic keeb kwm. Karamzin nrhiav kom siv raws li ntau li ntau tau Lavxias teb sab cov tsev koom nyiaj, mas lub Tswj xwm. Yog nws hloov qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov lus nyob rau hauv kab, uas ciali rau nws ntau lawm rau tib neeg.

Thiab lub thib peb hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus ntawm Karamzin tus kho tau neologisms. Nikolai Mikhailovich sim tsis tsuas sau ib txawv teb chaws lo lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus, tab sis kuj yuav hloov nws mus rau lub peculiarities ntawm Lavxias teb sab qauv sau ntawv. Tej zaum, lub neologisms nws tseem untranslated, vim hais tias nws ntseeg hais tias vim lawv suab zoo. Tab sis tom qab ntawd, cov txawj sau ntawv kho nws views on lub qiv thiab pib siv ntau lo lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov kho kom zoo ntawm Shishkov

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, xws kev hloov tseem ceeb yuav tsis ua controversy zej zog. Muaj cov neeg uas tsis pom zoo ntawm cov lus kho Karamzin. Yog li, nrog nws cov tw yog Shishkov - ib tug muaj koob statesman ntawm lub sij hawm. Nws tsis yog ib tug philologist, li ntawd, nws cov lus sib cav lawm saibxyuas patriotic cim.

Nws ntseeg Karamazina freethinker, ib tug lover ntawm tag nrho cov yam txawv teb chaws. Shishkin ntseeg tias borrowed lus xwb lwj lub Lavxias teb sab lus, distorting nws essence. Tsuas yog kev siv ntawm lub Slavic lo lus txhawb patriotic kev kawm ntawv. Nws yog li ntawd npaj los hloov lub twb tsim txawv teb chaws kab zauv nyob rau hauv Slavic. Piv txwv li, lo lus "actor" nrog "actor".

Principles of lus kho kom zoo Karamzin thiab Shishkov muaj ib tug txawv lub hauv paus rau ib tug Nikolai Mikhailovich to taub hais tias kev hloov no yog tsim nyog lus qauv ntawm lub philological taw tes ntawm view, thiab Shishkov coj patriotism.

Pros thiab cons ntawm cov lus ntawm Karamzin kho kom zoo

Innovate, raws li peb hais tias, tau txais ib tug tov kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv lub zej lub zos. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, tag nrho cov kev hloov - nws yog ib tug natural tshwm sim ntawm cov keeb kwm xwm txheej uas yuav los ntawm Russia. Nws yog tus ntu ntawm lub Enlightenment, li ntawd nws yog tsim nyog los piv hauv cov lus tsoom fwv, yuav tau tshem ntawm obsolete lus. Qhov no yog ib tug natural txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov lus, vim hais tias nws yuav tsis tsim yog hais tias lawv tsis tshwm sim cov lus tshiab thiab kab zauv obort.

Tiam sis nyob rau lwm cov tes, lus Fab Kis tau ua ntau dhau heev lawm. Nws active kev taw qhia pab rau lub fact tias cov sib txawv ntawm cov kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov neeg thiab lub Upper cov chav kawm los ua loj loj. Thiab qhov no kho kom zoo yuav tsum tau hu ua nyob rau hauv ib co degree ntawm antisocial thiab tsis conducive mus rau tsim ntawm patriotism. Tab sis nws yog ib tug kiag li tej yam ntuj tso tshwm sim nyob rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm enlightened absolutism.

Yog li ntawd, txawm tus tov xyuas, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamazin muaj ib tug yawm cawv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov zajlus lus thiab kev kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv Russia.