Maxim Tank: ib nyuag txheej txheem cej luam ntawm lub neej thiab kev ua hauj lwm

Maxim Tank yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj Belarusian paj huam. Nws ua hauj lwm yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Belarusian ntaub ntawv, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv kos duab, tab sis kuj lub teb chaws kev txiav txim zoo: tom qab tag nrho, nws ua li ntawd ntau npaum li cas rau popularize lub Belarusian lus, txhais cov phau ntawv rau nws thiab ntseeg tau Radel rau nws txoj kev loj hlob.

thaum ntxov xyoo

Maxim Tank, uas nws biography yog qhov kev kawm ntawm no los xyuas, tau yug los nyob rau hauv Minsk cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv 1912. Nws lub npe tiag tiag - Eugene Skurko. Nws tuaj los ntawm ib tug yooj yim, tab sis tsis yog ib tug neeg txom nyem neeg pluag tsev neeg. Tom qab lub ntiaj teb ua ntej tsov rog, nws thiab nws tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Moscow, tab sis tom qab ib tug thaum nws rov qab mus rau nws haiv neeg zos. Nws kawm ntawm ob lub tsev kawm: Polish thiab Lavxias teb sab, los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub Komsomol, tab sis tsis ntev tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv rau freethinking thiab tsis mloog lus. Tom qab ntawd Maxim Tank tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Vilna Lavxias teb sab lub tsev kawm ntawv, uas thawj sim nws txhais tes nyob rau hauv cov zajlus teb. Nws luam tawm nws tus kheej handwritten phau ntawv magazine, uas muab tso rau nws ua ntej kwv huam.

Pib ntawm kev sau ntawv ua hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv 1930 lub kws sau paj lug koom sau ntawv tshiab tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug pseudonym. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no nws tau los ua paub thoob plaws lub teb chaws. Txawm li cas los, vim rau qhov tseeb hais tias nws nyob rau hauv Western Belarus, uas yog ces yog ib feem ntawm teb chaws Poland, Maxim Tank twb tsim txom vim hais tias ntawm lub Belarusian lus thiab kev dag rau publishing lub magazine nyob rau hauv yam lus. Cuaj kaum, nws txuas ntxiv mus ua kom nquag plias nyob rau hauv cov ntawv luam khoom ntawm lub Belarusian thiab Belarusian mus ua ib kem rau cov Polish ntawv xov xwm.

Nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no xyoo caum nws tau tsim, thiab loj tej hauj lwm, kwv huam, piv txwv li, "Narache", "Kalosse". Nws tej hauj lwm sai los ua ib tug tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov zajlus lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws, cov hluas sau tam sim ntawd pom, thiab nws pib mus rau yuav ntaus nqi raws li ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau pheej paj huam. Tom qab lub koom ua ke ntawm Belarus nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm twg los ntawm lub Soviet cov tub ceev xwm, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm dab tsi twb xam tau tias yog ib tug communist. Ob peb lub sij hawm tshaj nws dai rau kev hem thawj ntawm raug ntes, tab sis qhov no tsis tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ntxiv ib tug active txawj ua hauj lwm.

tsov rog xyoo

Maxim Tank Belarusian kws sau paj lug, ib qho tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm them nyiaj rau cov tub rog tej teeb meem. Piv txwv li, nws tau sau cov paj huam "Yanuca Syaliba" thiab tso tawm ob peb phau ntawv ntawm paj huam, nyob rau hauv lawv lub "Praz vognenny nebaskhil". Tub rog lub ntsiab nuj nqis prominently nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm thiab nyob rau hauv cov nram no xyoo lawm, txawm li cas los, cov kws sau paj lug nws tus kheej xav tias lawv twb tsis muaj zog txaus thiab paub qhia tej lo.

kos duab nta

Maxim Tank, biography, muaj tswv yim, uas yog qhov kev kawm ntawm no muaj chaw saib xyuas, tau txais lub teb chaws txoj kev hlub raws li tus creator ntawm pej xeem tales nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig, raws li zoo raws li tej hauj lwm rau cov neeg siv cov ntsiab lus. Ntawm no ib tug yuav nrhiav nws sau raws li "Ehau kazachnik Bai", "Nees thiab Leu" thiab lwm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv 1970, nws luam tawm ib phau ntawv, sau ntawv nyob rau hauv chaw muag mis nyuj daim ntawv. Critics taw tes tawm hauv qab no nta ntawm nws cov lus thiab style:

• npliag nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub rau daim ntawv;
• nws tsis yog ib txwm adhered mus rau lub classical cai thiab Canonicity yuav tsum tau, tab sis sau nyob rau hauv ib tug yam ntxwv, peculiar rau nws nyob ib leeg yam, feem ntau muaj resorting rau dawb nqe.

Nws yog zoo heev rau cov haiv neeg hom lus, thiab tag nrho cov nws lub neej, creativity thiab kev ua si, nrhiav kev los tsim kom muaj nws txuas ntxiv validity. Ntawm lwm yam, nws txig mastered rau lub Polish hom lus raws li tau zoo raws li kev txawj ntse ntawm Lavxias teb sab.

Editorial thiab kev ua hauj lwm

M. Tank nquag koom nyob rau hauv editorial ua hauj lwm. Peb twb hais tias nws pib nws txawj hauj lwm nrog qhov kev tso tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab nyeem tau phau ntawv journal. Tom qab tsov rog, nws edited satirical magazine "Vozhyk", ces tsiv mus rau lwm tsab, hu ua "Polymya". Nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Union ntawm Writers ntawm lub teb chaws, yog tus chairman ntawm nws cov board. Raws li cov kws sau paj lug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Supreme Council, uas yuav qhia tau tias nws yog ib lub post-tsov rog lub sij hawm thaum kawg sawv raws li ib tug paub tias sau. Qhov no yog evidenced los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nws tau txais lub npe ntawm lub teb chaws kws sau paj lug. Maxim Tank, biography, muaj tswv yim, khoom plig thiab lub npe ntawm uas qhia tias nws yog tabtom nyiam txoj kev hlub thiab kev hwm ntawm cov txawj nyeem ntawv, tau ua ib tug tseem ceeb pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub Belarusian lus, rau cov uas nws twb muab tsub lub Stalin thiab Lenin txeeb thiab los ua ib tug Hero ntawm Socialist Labor.

Cov hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv cov nom tswv views ntawm lub kws sau paj lug los tseem sib cav tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, nws positioned nws tus kheej raws li ib tug communist, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws tuaj ntawm ib tug nplua nuj neeg pluag tsev neeg (xws thaum lub sij hawm hu ua kulaks), nws raug coj mus nyob rau hauv ib tug capitalist lub teb chaws, rau cov uas nws yog tas li nyob rau hauv suspicion ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv. Cuaj kaum, lub teb chaws ntsiab yog ib tug ntawm cov uas lub chaw nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm. Nws yog xav nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, sketches ntawm lub teb chaws lub neej thiab lub neej ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam.

Piv txwv li, ib tug ntawm nws tus thawj kwv huam "Narache" nws mob siab strike zoo tib yam fishermen vim lub fact tias lawv tsis tso cai rau ntses nyob rau hauv cov dej khov. Ib tug ntawm cov earliest collections ntawm nws cov kwv huam hu ua "rau theem", ces tuaj ib tug sau ntawm "ncoo mast." Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm yog ib tug philosophical cov ntxhais thiab satirical ib hom ntawv nyeem, nws tau sau nyob rau hauv cov tub rog lub ntsiab. Cov no tej hauj lwm muaj peev xwm yuav hu ua xws li "Kab Veda", "Lub daroze" thiab lwm tus neeg. Cov kws sau paj lug tuag nyob rau hauv 1995.

Literary ua si ntawm lub kws sau paj lug yuav tsum muab xav thiab soj ntsuam rau ib tug par nrog tej hauj lwm ntawm lwm yam zoo-paub Belarusian paj huam raws li Y. Kupala thiab Y. Kolas. Cov sau phau ntawv ua nto moo Belarusian paj huam ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. Ib tug ntau feature ntawm lawv ua hauj lwm yog hais tias lawv yog cov tag nrho lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm nws tej hauj lwm tau ua ib cov duab ntawm lub teb chaws lub neej thiab lub neej ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam, raws li tau zoo raws li qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsov kev rog.