Michelangelo: creativity thiab biography

Michelangelo Buonarroti ntau xav txog lub npe nrov tshaj artist ntawm lub Italian Renaissance. Ntawm nws cov nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm - lub pej thuam "David" thiab "Pieta", lub frescoes ntawm lub Sistine Chapel.

yav dhau los tus tswv

Michelangelo Buonarroti creativity yuav luv luv piav raws li qhov loj tshaj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm tag nrho cov sij hawm - ces nws twb soj ntsuam los ntawm lub neej, tseem ntseeg tias hnub no. Ob peb ntawm nws tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv painting, duab puab thiab architecture yog cov feem ntau nto moo nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Txawm hais tias frescoes rau lub qab nthab ntawm lub Sistine Chapel nyob rau hauv lub Vatican, tej zaum - nto moo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm cov artist, saum toj no tag nrho, nws suav hais tias nws tus kheej ib tug sculptor. Zaj lus qhia ob peb hom ntawm cov kos duab nyob rau hauv nws lub sij hawm yog tsis txawv txawv. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau raws li nyob rau hauv daim duab. Michelangelo ua hauj lwm tag nrho nws lub neej marble duab puab thiab lwm yam art tsuas yog nyob rau tej lub sij hawm. High tau Sistine Chapel yog tej ib tug rog xav txog ntawm lub nce mloog hais tias yog them rau cov painting nyob rau hauv lub XX caug xyoo., Thiab tej lub txiaj ntsim ntawm lub fact tias muaj ntau lub wizard tshuav tsis tiav.

Ib tug sab nyhuv ntawm lub neej ntawm koob meej Michelangelo ua ntau ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhia txog nws txoj kev tshaj li lwm yam artist ntawm lub sij hawm. Nws yog tus thawj ntawm arts, uas nws biography twb luam tawm ua ntej nws tuag, lawv txawm muaj ob tug. Tus thawj yog qhov kawg tshooj ntawm phau ntawv ntawm lub neej ntawm ntxias (1550), cov neeg pleev kob thiab kes duab vajtse Dzhordzho Vazari. Nws twb rau rau siab ua Michelangelo, uas nws ua hauj lwm tau hais raws li lub culmination ntawm perfection of art. Txawm tias tej qhuas, nws yog tsis heev txaus siab, thiab kom nws pab Ascanio Condivi sau ib daim luv luv hauv phau ntawv (1553) no tej zaum raws li cov lus ntawm cov artist. Nws Michelangelo tus tswv hauj lwm depicts txoj kev uas nws xav tau pom los ntawm lwm tus neeg. Tom qab txoj kev tuag Buonarroti Vazari thib ob tsab (1568) luam tawm retraction. Txawm tias zaum xav mus rau phau ntawv Condivi lub neej piav qhia ntawm Vasari, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub yav tas raws li ib tug tag nrho thiab nws qhov chaw rov tso tawm nyob rau hauv ntau yam lus ua cov khoom lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Michelangelo thiab lwm yam Renaissance ntxias. Hwjchim ci ntsa iab Buonarroti kuj muaj lub txim ntawm kev txuag countless cov ntaub ntawv, xws li pua pua ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, tsab ntawv thiab cov kwv huam. Txawm li cas los, txawm lub loj loj npaum ntawm sau cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv teeb meem yog feem ntau paub xwb mus rau lub taw tes ntawm view ntawm Michelangelo.

Luv luv biography thiab tej hauj lwm

Neeg pleev kob, sculptor, kws kes duab vajtse thiab kws sau paj lug, yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj ntxias ntawm lub Italian Renaissance yug nyob rau hauv lub npe Mikelandzhelo Di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni Lub peb hlis ntuj 6, 1475 nyob rau hauv Caprese, Ltalis. Nws txiv, Leonardo Di Buonarotti Simoni, luv luv tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug nom nyob rau hauv lub zos me me nyob qhov twg nws thiab nws tus poj niam Francheskoy Neri nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ntawm tsib tug tub, tiam sis lawv rov qab mus rau Florence qhov twg Michelangelo yog tseem yog ib tug me nyuam mos. Vim muaj mob tus me nyuam tub niam sab laug mus rau qhov kev kho mob ntawm ib tsev neeg stonemason, raws li cov zoo sculptor tom qab joked tias cov mis nyuj nurse nws absorbed ib tug rauj thiab txaug.

Tseeb, kev tshawb fawb yog tsawg kawg yog xav nyob rau hauv Michelangelo. painters creativity nyob rau hauv lub nyob sib ze lub tuam tsev thiab rov qab ua dab tsi nws pom muaj, raws li nws thaum ntxov biographers, attracted rau nws ntau npaum li cas. Lub tsev kawm ntawv Michelangelo phooj ywg Francesco Granacci, uas yog rau lub xyoo laus dua nws, ua tswvcuab nws tus phooj ywg cov neeg pleev Domenico Ghirlandaio. Cov txiv pom tau hais tias nws tus tub yog tsis xav nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg cov nyiaj txiag ua lag ua luam thiab pom zoo muab nws mus rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm 13, ib tug apprentice mus rau lub fashionable Florentine neeg pleev kob. Muaj nws ua muaj cuab kav nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm xeeb tub.

lub vaj ntawm lub Medici

Michelangelo siv ib xyoo nyob rau hauv lub studio, thaum nws muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb lub sij hawm. Los ntawm Ghirlandaio tswv yim pom zoo, nws tsiv mus rau lub palace ntawm lub Florentine kav Lorenzo lub kawg li, ib tug haib neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Medici tsev neeg, rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm classical duab puab nyob rau hauv nws lub vaj. Nws yog ib lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev tshav ntuj rau Michelangelo Buonarroti. Biography thiab creativity ntawm cov tub ntxhais ua yeeb twb cim los ntawm paub nrog cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm Florence, ib tug txawj ntse sculptor Bertoldo Di Dzhovanni, mas paj huam, kws tshawb fawb thiab humanists ntawm lub sij hawm. Buonarroti kuj tau txais tshwj xeeb kev tso cai mus xyuas hauv lub cev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub cev, tab sis nws muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem nyob rau hauv nws noj qab haus huv.

Lub ua ke ntawm cov influences yog lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug coj style ntawm Michelangelo: nqaij raug thiab realism, ua ke nrog ib tug yuav luag lyrical kev zoo nkauj. Ob tug fwm bas-relief, "sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub Centaurs" thiab "Madonna ntawm lub Stairs", ua tim khawv rau nws cim txuj ci ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 16.

Early zoo thiab lub hwj

Cov nom tswv nriaj tom qab kev tuag ntawm Lorenzo lub kawg li Michelangelo yuam kom khiav tawm mus Bologna, qhov uas nws hais ntxiv nws kev tshawb fawb. Nws rov qab mus rau Florence nyob rau hauv 1495 thiab pib ua hauj lwm sculptor, txais lub style ntawm lub masterpieces ntawm classical antiquity.

Muaj ntau ntau lub versions ntawm cov intriguing dab neeg hais txog cov duab puab ntawm Michelangelo "Cupid", uas artificially hnub nyoog li hais tias nws zoo li ib tug tsawg antique. Ib tug version neeg pab leg ntaubntawv hais tias tus sau xav nws mus cuag cov nyhuv ntawm patina, thiab raws li lwm tus, nws kos duab lub khiav nkaum ua hauj lwm kom dhau tawm raws li antique.

Cardinal Riario ntawm San Giorgio yuav "Cupid", xaiv cov duab puab nws tus kheej, thiab demanded nws cov nyiaj rov qab thaum nws nrhiav tau tias nws tau raug dag. Nyob rau hauv lub kawg dag lub buyer li impressed los ntawm cov kos duab ntawm Michelangelo, hais tias nws tso cai rau artist kom cov nyiaj. Lub Cardinal txawm caw nws mus rau tim Loos, qhov twg Buonarroti nyob thiab ua hauj lwm kom txog thaum nws tuag.

"Pieta" thiab "David"

Tsis ntev tom qab tsiv mus rau tim Loos nyob rau hauv 1498 nws cov hauj lwm muaj contributed lwm cardinal, Jean de Biler Lagrola, papal Envoy ntawm Fabkis King Charles VIII. Michelangelo "Pieta", uas depicts Mary tuav cov neeg tuag Yexus nyob rau hauv nws cov ceg tawv, tau ua tiav tsawg tshaj li ib lub xyoo thiab twb muab tso nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev nrog lub qhov ntxa uas Cardinal. Dav 1.8 m, thiab yuav luag tib yam qhov siab, tus pej thuam twb tsiv tsib lub sij hawm kom txog rau thaum nws tau nws tam sim no qhov chaw nyob rau hauv St. Peter lub nyob rau hauv lub Vatican.

Txiav los ntawm ib tug tib daim Carrara marble sculptures flowability cov ntaub so ntswg kawm txoj hauj lwm thiab "txav" daim tawv nqaij Pieta (lub ntsiab lus "thov txim" los yog "hlub") plunged nyob rau hauv thawj ntshai lawv viewers. Niaj hnub no, nws yog ib tug heev kawg Revered ua hauj lwm. Michelangelo tsim nws thaum nws tsuas yog 25 xyoo.

Lus dab neeg muaj nws tias tus sau, muaj hnov ib tug kev sib tham txog cov tswv yim rau tus cwj pwm ua hauj lwm mus rau lwm lub sculptor, ua siab loj carved nws kos npe rau daim kab xev rau ntawm lub mis ntawm Mary. Qhov no yog qhov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm nws coated nws lub npe.

By lub sij hawm thaum Michelangelo rov qab mus rau Florence, nws yog ib tug twb tau celebrity. Lub sculptor yog commissioned rau tus pej thuam uas David, uas yog lub yav dhau los ob sculptor unsuccessfully sim ua, thiab muab ib tug tsib-Meter daim marble rau hauv ib tug tseem ceeb daim duab. Lub zog ntawm cov tendons, lam tau lam ua nakedness, tib neeg thiab cov kab zauv siab loj "David" lub cim ntawm Florence.

Art thiab architecture

Raws li los ntawm lwm yam kev txiav txim, xws li ib tug nquag peb tes num ntawm lub qhov ntxa uas Pope Julius II, tab sis ua hauj lwm raug ncua cia thaum Michelangelo raug xa mus los ntawm cov duab puab rau paintings rau decorate lub qab nthab ntawm lub Sistine Chapel.

Peb tes num sparked cov tswv yim ntawm cov artist, thiab cov thawj lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sau ntawv 12 tug tubtxib mus rau hauv muab ntau tshaj 300 daim. Tom qab ntawd no ua hauj lwm twb tshem tawm tag nrho vim hais tias ntawm pwm nyob rau hauv lub plaster, thiab ces rov qab los. Buonarroti raug rho tawm haujlwm tag nrho cov pab, uas nws suav hais tias tsis, thiab tiav lawm pleev xim rau 65-meter qab nthab nws tus kheej, siv kev txom teev dag rau nws rov qab, thiab jealously rawv nws ua hauj lwm kom txog thaum nws kawm tiav kaum hli ntuj 31, 1512

Artistic creation ntawm Michelangelo yuav luv luv piav raws li nram no. Qhov no yog ib qho tshaj-txwv qauv ntawm siab Renaissance kos duab, uas muaj xws li Christian cim, cov yaj saub, thiab humanistic hauv paus ntsiab lus, soaked tswv thaum lub sij hawm nws cov hluas. Tiag tiag li vignettes rau lub qab nthab ntawm lub Sistine Chapel tsim ib tug kaleidoscope nyhuv. Qhov tseem iconic duab yog ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm "Lub Creation ntawm Adas" depicting Vajtswv, kov ib tug ntiv tes rau tus txiv neej. Roman artist Raphael, thaj hloov nws style tom qab pom no ua hauj lwm.

Michelangelo tus biography thiab creativity uas yuav nyob mus ib txhis nyob twj ywm txuam nrog duab puab thiab duab, vim lub cev tom thaum lub sij hawm lub painting ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj twb yuam kom tig nws lub xim rau architecture.

Master txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm rau lub qhov ntxa uas Julius II nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no ob peb decades. Nws kuj tsim lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Medici thiab Laurentsina tsev qiv ntawv, nyob yam txawv tus Basilica ntawm San Lorenzo nyob rau hauv Florence, uas yuav tsum nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm tus Medici tsev qiv ntawv. Tej vaj tse yog xav tau ib raws taw tes rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm architecture. Tab sis Michelangelo lub crowning hwjchim ci ntsa iab nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog cov ua hauj lwm ntawm cov thawj kws kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Peter Basilica nyob rau hauv 1546.

conflictual

Michelangelo tswvcuab soaring "Xeem Txiav Txim" nyob rau hauv lub deb phab ntsa ntawm lub Sistine Chapel nyob rau hauv 1541 tam sim ntawd hnov lub suab ntawm kev tawm tsam - nudes twb tawm ntawm qhov chaw rau xws li ib tug chaw dawb ceev, hu tau ua kom cov coob Italian Renaissance xeeb tub. Cov artist teb hais tias, nkag mus rau hauv cov dluab tshiab ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg: nws chief critic nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov dab ntxwg nyoog thiab nws tus kheej raws li St Palaumais skinned.

Dua li ntawm qhov kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus nplua nuj thiab muaj hwj chim loj tib neeg nyob rau hauv ltalis, uas tau muab ib tug ci ntsa iab lub siab thiab ib tug kev txuj ci Michelangelo lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv yog tag nrho ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Nws yog khav thiab tsausmuag npau uas feem ntau coj mus rau quarrels, nyob rau hauv Vol. H. Thiab nws cov neeg muas zaub. Qhov no tsis tsuas coj nws cov teeb meem, tab sis nws kuj tsim ib lub siab ntawm dissatisfaction - ib tug artist lossi siv zog rau perfection thiab yuav tsis nyuaj.

Tej zaum nws muaj fits ntawm melancholy, tau ncaim ib co kua nplaum nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm nws kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm. Michelangelo sau hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv zoo kawg tu siab heev thiab sau hais tias nws twb tsis muaj cov phooj ywg, thiab lawv yuav tsis tau nws, thiab hais tias nws tsis muaj sij hawm txaus los noj txaus, tab sis cov no inconveniences coj nws kev xyiv fab.

Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, Michelangelo hais lus tso dag txoj kev tshawb no buddy thiab tau txais nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg, uas plhu puas tag nws lub neej. Rau ntau xyoo, nws raug kev loj hlob nkees ntawm nws ua hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm nws cov kwv huam uas nws hais txog cov loj loj lub cev dag zog, nws yuav tsum tau ua mus rau xim ntawm lub qab nthab ntawm lub Sistine Chapel. Nom tswv strife nyob rau hauv nws tus hlub Florence kuj quaj los kuamuag vim nws, tiam sis feem ntau tseem ceeb ntawm nws foe yog ib tug Florentine artist Leonardo da Vinci, uas yog 20 xyoo nws senior.

Literary tej hauj lwm thiab tus kheej lub neej

Michelangelo, uas nws ua hauj lwm twb qhia nyob rau hauv nws cov duab puab, painting thiab architecture, koom nyob rau hauv cov paj huam nyob rau hauv nws mature xyoo.

Tsis txhob sib yuav, Buonarroti twb mob siab rau pious thiab noble poj ntsuam npe Vittoria Colonna - xa ntau tshaj 300 ntawm nws cov kwv huam thiab sonnets. Lawv kev phooj ywg tau muab kev pab txhawb nqa zoo kawg li rau tus tuag ntawm Michelangelo Txhua nyob rau hauv 1547 Nyob rau hauv 1532-m tswv los ua phooj ywg nrog ib tug hluas nobleman Tommaso de'Kavaleri. Historians tseem hais lus cam txog seb lawv kev sib raug zoo yog homosexual los yog nws xav fatherly txoj kev xav.

Txoj kev tuag thiab legacy

Tom qab ib tug luv luv mob, Lub ob hlis ntuj 18, 1564 - cia li ib tug ob peb lub lis piam ua ntej nws 89th lub hnub yug - Michelangelo tuag nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub nroog Loos. Tub lub cev txav mus rau Florence, qhov twg nws Revered ua tus "txiv thiab tswv ntawm txhua yam txuj ci," thiab nws raug faus nyob rau hauv lub Basilica di raug Croce - qhov uas nws txib ib tug sculptor.

Tsis zoo li ntau ntxias, ua hauj lwm ntawm Michelangelo tau coj nws lub koob meej thiab muaj nyiaj thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej. Nws kuj yog muaj hmoo txaus saib cov ntawv ntawm ob cov ntawv sau txog ntawm nws authorship Dzhordzho Vazari thiab Ascanio Condivi. High tau Buonarroti kev txawj muaj ib tug ntev li keeb kwm, thiab nws lub npe los ua synonymous nrog lub Italian Renaissance.

Michelangelo nta ntawm creativity

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau tus poj koob meej ntawm cov artist, lawv pom tau qhov sib feem nyob rau tom qab daim duab yog kuj tas. Qhov no yuav tsis tau piav los ntawm lub kam mus luam tau tej hauj lwm ntawm Michelangelo tsuas vim hais tias ntawm nws koob meej raws li nws sib npaug zos txuj ci Raphael xyaum ntau zaus. Nws yog tau hais tias ib tug tej yam, yuav luag cosmic scale qhia hom Buonarroti, kom muaj kev txwv. Piv txwv ntawm yuav luag tiav daim ntawv cia li ob peb tug. Qhov tseem feemxyuam yog tus artist Daniele da Volterra. Tseem, nyob rau hauv tej chaw ntawm creativity nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm Michelangelo pom sequel. Nyob rau hauv lub XVII caug xyoo. nws suav hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub anatomical duab, tab sis nws yog tsawg qhuas rau lub wider ntsiab ntawm nws ua hauj lwm. Mannerists siv nws spatial compression thiab sib ntswg poses nws sculptures "Yeej". Master ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Ogyust Roden thov nyhuv tsis tiav marble blocks. Ib txhia masters ntawm lub XVII caug xyoo. Baroque luam, tab sis mus rau cais cov literal kev zoo sib thooj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Gian Lorenzo Bernini thiab Peter Paul Rubens yog zoo tshaj plaws qhia yuav ua li cas siv lub chaw ua hauj lwm Mikelandzhelo Buonarroti yav tom ntej tiam ntawm sculptors thiab ntxias.