Minerals Sakhalin: roj, roj thiab uas tsis yog-ferrous co thiab tsis tshua muaj. Sakhalin nyem

Far rau sab hnub tuaj, 7 txhiab kilometers ntawm Moscow, yog ib tug loj cov kob ntawm Sakhalin. Yuav ua li cas peb paub txog nws? Tom qab nyeem ntawv rau peb cov tsab xov xwm no, koj yuav kawm ntau yam tshiab thiab nthuav yam uas hais txog cov xwm, nyem thiab mineral kev pab ntawm Sakhalin.

Ntsib Sakhalin!

Cov Japanese hu nws Karafuto. Rau peb nws yog lub npe hu nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Sakhalin. Qhov twg yog qhov kob? Thiab yog dab tsi yog nws qhov ntev?

Sakhalin Island yog nyob ntawm tus ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov teb chaws Asia. Nws yog qhov loj tshaj plaws kob nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nws yog ib feem ntawm lub Sakhalin cheeb tsam, uas kuj muaj xws li lub saw ntawm sparsely populated Kurile Islands tuaj.

Sakhalin yog ntxuav los ntawm ob seas - Nyiv thiab Okhotsk. Los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab mainland nws yog sib cais los ntawm lub Tatar Strait, thiab nyob rau hauv Japanese kob ntawm Hokkaido - La Perouse Strait. Sakhalin ncav us txog nyob rau hauv 950 km nyob rau hauv lub meridional kev taw qhia. Qhov siab tshaj plaws dav ntawm cov kob - 160 km.

Mas keeb kwm ntawm lub npe ntawm cov kob. Qhov no Manchu lo lus yav tas los xaiv lub Amur dej, "Sahalyan-ull", uas txhais tau tias "dej ntawm dub pob zeb." Vim ib qho yuam kev cartographers no lub npe muaj tau xws cov kob ntawm Sakhalin. Qhov yuam kev tsis kho, thiab tswm cia. Nyob rau hauv tom ntej khoom ntawm Lavxias teb sab maps lo lus "Sakhalin" twb tau muab siv raws li lub npe ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws kob.

Yog li ntawd, peb twb figured tawm qhov twg lub Sakhalin thiab yog vim li cas nws yog li ntawd hu ua. Nws yog tam sim no ib tug tshawb kom ntxaws txog nws nyem.

General cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov topography ntawm cov kob

Sakhalin nyem yog tsis tshua muaj ntau yam. Nws yog nthuav thiab lub roob, thiab tsis tshua muaj roob thiab cuam kawb nras thiab nqaum lowlands. Central (widest) yog ib feem ntawm cov kob yog bordered rau sab hnub poob thiab sab hnub tuaj, ntsig txog, ntawm sab hnub poob Sakhalin thiab East Sakhalin Toj siab. Cov roob ranges yog medium-nyob rau hauv qhov siab.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws taw tes ntawm lub Sakhalin - Mount Lopatin. Nyob rau nws boreal hav zoov slopes nce, thiab rau sab saum toj yog them cowberry teb thiab lub pob zeb. qhov siab ntawm lub roob - tsuas yog 1609 meters.

Lub coastline ntawm cov kob yog Indented me ntsis. Ntawm no yog plaub ntawm lub ceg av qab teb thiab nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ob tug loj bays - Aniva thiab ua siab ntev.

Koom Haum Niam Sakhalin: regional nta

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub geomorphology ntawm cov kob chaw uas zoo heev yog muab faib ua ob peb cheeb tsam. Kwv yees li ib-feem-peb ntawm nws tag nrho cheeb tsam npog North Sakhalin dawb. Nws yog ib tug loj heev cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm cov kob nrog ib tug zoo-tsim dej network thiab tus neeg uas tsis muaj peaks (mus txog 600 meters). Rau lub chaw ntug hiav qhov chaw ntawm lub nras yog yus muaj los ntawm cov xuab zeb tuav, dunes, thiab loj heev marine pas dej. Los ntawm txoj kev, ntawm no (raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub txee ntawm lub hiav txwv ntawm Okhotsk) yog cov coob deposits ntawm cov roj - lub ntsiab mineral ntawm Sakhalin.

Nyob rau hauv cov huab sab qaum teb ntawm cov kob yog distinguished los ntawm nws mountainous roob hav Schmidt ceg av qab teb. Nws shores yog heev ntxhab, mob rocky thiab ntxhab.

Nyob rau hauv lub central thiab yav qab teb thaj tsam ntawm cov kob yog yeej los ntawm mountainous roob hav. Nrog rau sab hnub poob ntug dej hiav txwv stretches ntawm cov West Sakhalin Toj siab, thiab raws tus sab hnub tuaj - East Sakhalin (uas ntawm no yog Mount Lopatin). Ntawm no ob roob systems yog cuam kawb thiab tej zaum Swampy tym-Poranayskaya lowland. Nws yog them nrog ib tug tuab mantle ntawm sedimentary pob zeb - sandstone thiab pebbles.

Nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm cov kob stands Susunai Ridge, uas stretches yuav luag 60 kis lus mev. Thaum nws ko taw nta lub nroog ntawm Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - tus thawj tswj chaw ntawm lub Sakhalin cheeb tsam. Qhov siab tshaj plaws taw tes ntawm lub roob caj Susunai Pushkinskaya (1047 m.) Yog ib tug nrov lub hom phiaj rau tourists, peshehodnikov.

Lub ntsiab zaub mov ntawm Sakhalin

Tus nplua nuj xwm ntawm lub cheeb tsam? Lub ntsiab natural resources ntawm Sakhalin yog ntaus nqi hav zoov, dej thiab, ntawm chav kawm, cov zaub mov thiab cov ntaub ntawv raw. Cov kev ceev ntawm tus dej network ntawm cov kob yog ntau tshaj li qhov nruab nrab rau Russia. Ntug yog tsis tshua muaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv hav zoov (hav zoov cover index - ntau tshaj li 60%). Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm Sakhalin loj hlob larch forests, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb - leaved (maple, Mongolian ntoo qhib, Manchurian tshauv thiab lwm yam ntoo).

Kaum loj mineral kev pab ntawm Sakhalin yog raws li nram no:

• roj;
• natural gas;
• chrome ore;
• germanium;
• mercury;
• kub;
• thee;
• peat;
• talc;
• zeolites.

Fuels Sakhalin roj, roj, peat

Sakhalin - ib qho ntawm Russia tus hlob roj thiab cov nkev ua chaw. "Black kub" nyob rau cov kob tau pom los ntawm geologists nyob rau hauv 1880. Thoob plaws hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua lub zos roj thiab cov nkev reserves tau lawm ho depleted, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub 1980s ib tug loj tshiab teb nyob sab. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov reserves Okhotsk txee kws txawj soj ntsuam kwv yees li 4 billion tonnes ntawm cov roj.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws roj teb ntawm Sakhalin nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ib feem ntawm cov kob (Ehabinskoe, Paromayskoe, Katangliyskoe thiab lwm tus). Sakhalin tus nqi ntawm "dub kub" lawm xwb kom txhua txhua xyoo. Yog li, los ntawm 2019 nws yog npaj los ua kom cov roj ntau lawm rau cov kob ntawm 3.6% thiab cov nkev - los ntawm 20%.

Nyob rau Sakhalin, nws tseem yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tooj liab, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm kev zoo siab thiab uas tsis muaj leej faj cov ntsiab lus. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv metallurgy, zus tau tej cov roj, raws li zoo raws li cov roj rau ships. Nws yuav ua rau cov kob thiab peat. Deposits ntawm no mineral pab faib nyob rau hauv lub North Sakhalin dawb thiab tym-Poranayskoy lowlands.

Tsis-ferrous, tsis tshua muaj thiab zoo zoo nkauj tshooj Sakhalin

Nyob rau hauv lub bowels ntawm cov kob pw loj reserves ntawm ntau yam nws yog xim hlau ores. Cov lawv - kub, germanium, mercury, chromium, hlau, manganese, tungsten, zinc, strontium, rhenium thiab lwm tus neeg. Cov tsis tshua muaj co Sakhalin loj tshaj nyiaj txiag txaus siab rau lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab los ntawm tus xov tooj uas tsis yog-ferrous co - kub.

Rau cov kob muaj deposits ntawm ob ore thiab Placer kub. Yeej yav tag los. Kaum Placer kub pov tseg nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj Sakhalin Toj siab. Lawv tag nrho cov reserves yog kwv yees li ntawm geologists ntawm 59 tons.

Nyob rau Tonino-Anivskom ceg av qab teb tsim Novikovskaya teb GE-nplua nuj khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm thee thiab mudstone. General germanium reserves nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog kwv yees li ntawm 640 tonnes.

Ntau ntev los no, nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm Sakhalin (nyob rau Schmidt ceg av qab teb) tau raug pom tias yog chromite deposits. General paub tseeb tseeb reserves ntawm cov nqi ores tau kwv yees nyob rau ntawm tsib lab tonnes.