MT-12 "Rapier". 100 hli anti-phom MT-12

Artillery phom, raws li txwv mus rau, piv txwv li, lub aircraft yog tsis tshua muaj muab npe, cov ntsiab lus nrog rau ib qho alphanumeric index. Cov kev zam yog ib tug ob peb kuaj, ntawm lawv - anti-tank phom MT-12. "Ntawv Nyiaj" - li ntawd, nws twb ua siab mos qhia xa mus rau cov tub rog. Nws yeej yog ib tug me ntsis zoo li nws tho txias hlau. Ntev chim, elegant tiv thaiv ntaub thaiv npog npog, lawv Gard (me me tab sis npaum), cov neeg ntawm lub "kov" - tag nrho cov qualities yuav yuav tsum tau heev mus rau lawv los duelists yav dhau los centuries. Hnub no lub artillerymen npaj rau ib tug sib ntaus ntawm ib yam txawv. Rab phom, txawm lawv lub hnub nyoog, payment rau xyoo lawm, yog tseem nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab. Nws tsis yog tawm ntawm hnub.

Class anti-tank phom

Kom txog thaum lub thirties ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo tshwj xeeb phom mus tua nrog armored tsheb tsis tau tsim. Qhov no tsis ua rau kev txiav txim zoo: lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm thawj ob lub xyoo lawm ntawm lub XX xyoo pua twb tsis txawj thiab hnyav colossus, los yog maj mam armored polutraktorami-semi-auto. Lawv feem ntau muaj peev xwm yuav muab tso tawm ntawm kev txiav txim tsis muaj teeb meem los ntawm cov pa txhais tau tias nyob ze ib tug tua hluav taws sib ntaus. Tsov rog nyob rau hauv Spain (1936) los ua tus ib ntus txawv teb chaws, tom qab uas lub theoreticians thiab cov kws ntawm tactical science tau pib kom paub qhov tseem ceeb ntawm armored formations nyob rau hauv kev kawm armed tsis sib haum. Raws li ib txwm, muaj lub tswv yim yuav ua li cas rau neutralize cov kev hem thawj tiv thaiv los ntawm maneuver ntawm armored rog. Kev pab them nqi los ntawm lub flanks, ua rau ib qho chaw yuav tshwm sim nyob rau unpredictable qhia av theaters ua tsov ua rog, thiab yog li ntawd, yuav tsum rau ib tug tshiab hauv chav kawm ntawv muaj riam phom muaj ib tug tshaj plaws ntawm cov kev mus ncig thiab compactness. Lub npe nrov frontline "sorokopyatki" copes nrog tag nrho cov hom ntawm German tso tsheb hlau luam tsov rog. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua, tus yeeb ncuab armor technology loj hlob. Yuav kom nws punch, 45 hli yog tsis txaus, peb yuav tsum tau ua ntej tus neeg zoo li ntawm caliber 75, thiab cov nyuab, thiab 85 millimeters. Los ntawm kawg ntawm tus 60s, qhov no daim duab nce mus 100 hli. Anti-tank phom "Rapier" twb npaj nrog lub West German "tsov txaij" thiab cov American M-60.

Sib txeeb cov phom thiab ATGM

Los ntawm kawg ntawm tus thib xyoo caum ntawm lub Army ntawm lub industrialized lub teb chaws muaj nyob rau ntawm lawv pov tseg ib tug tshiab antitank riam phom - ATGM. Nyob rau hauv essence tswj cuaj luaj yog ib tug foob pob ua ntxaij nrog ntawm lwm yam uas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov teb tis. Cov kev taw qhia yog nqa tawm yog tshaj rau saum huab cua los yog (kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam) rau ib tug ntev nyias cable yog unwound los ntawm cov lus thiab dragging qab. Nws nkawd hais tias tam sim no lub artillery ib zaug dua dhau rau txoj hauj lwm ua ntej inexorably tab tom yuav scientific thiab cov kev kawm. Txawm li cas los, cov tub rog pob nyiaj siv kuj tsis bottomless, thiab ATGM - ib tug tshaj plaws tsis pheej yig. Ces cov tub rog kws txawj muab rov qab mus rau lub qub "zoo" phom thiab, rau nws tu, pom ib tug khees contradiction. Qhov yuav tsum tau raug tau ensured rifled chim, tab sis, alas, lawv tau muaj kev txwv nyob rau hauv caliber. Thiab mam li nco dheev, qhov teeb meem no yog solved raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov creators ntawm lub revolutionary mus kom ze phom MT-12 "Rapier".

Projectile nrog stabilizers

Lub tswv yim yog muab lub projectile nyob rau hauv lub davhlau stability xwb "missile" txhais tau tias. Nyob rau hauv nws tsim twb incorporated stabilizers expandable tom qab uas nws tawm lub muzzle ntawm lub thoob. Yog li, uas tsis yog-yam plhaub yuav muab hit raug yog tsis zuj zus tshaj uas tso tawm los ntawm cov kev txiav channel. Qhov zoo ntawm tus tshiab mos txwv yog tsis sab sab: pab lub dag lub zog ntawm cumulative hloov tau. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Yurga Tshuab Tsev tsob nroj tsis tawm tsam txoj kev sib txawv ntawm yeej armored tsheb. Antitank phom "Rapier" thiab yuav tua cuaj luaj raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm lub thoob, no yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov khoom, uas yog heev yooj yim rau nruab rau hauv lub teb.

Mobility thiab maneuver

Teeb meem ntawm cov anti-ceev me nyuam ntawm artillery nyob rau hauv nqe lus no, uas yog nyob rau hauv cov kev hem thawj ntawm ib tug txhob, lub designers tau sim daws tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, kom txog thaum lub installation nyob rau hauv lub carriage ntawm lub maus taus engine.

100 hli anti-phom T-12, KB tsim Bucyrus coj L. V. Korneeva thiab V. Ya. Afanaseva, mounted rau ib tug trolley nrog log uniaxial los ntawm Zil-150 muaj flitches Torsion ncua kev kawm ntawv nce stroke ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ncua kev kawm ntawv. Yooj yim zog siv nqi tsis hydraulics ntsuas MT-12 "Rapier" nyob rau hauv lub thauj txoj hauj lwm pov thawj resistant rau kev co thiab poob siab.

Rau phom txuas tsheb laij teb MT-R los yog MT-LB armored, hauv uas yog nyob kuj zoo muab xam rau ntawm tsawg kawg yog plaub (nyiaj pab ntau tshaj - rau) cov neeg. Towing yuav ua tau rau tus ceev ntawm 60 km / h 500 km cia. Nyob rau lub peb hlis ntuj hom phiaj mechanisms, nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob sib kis, npog lawv tus kheej tarpaulin cover.

Thaum lub firing txoj hauj lwm

Ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab uas yuav tsum tau rau lub anti-tank riam phom - maneuverability - tau ntsib. Nyhav phom yog hais txog peb tons, zoo li cov qauv qoj rau airmobile tus me nyuam. Silhouette muab squat, uas ua rau pom tau qhov sib nrhiav kom tau hluav taws taw tes los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.

Lub cev MT-12 "Ntawv Nyiaj" (ntev, 61 gauge) nyob rau hauv nrog cov breech nplhaib thiab lub muzzle nres comprises ib block. Lub simplicity ntawm tsim guarantees ib tug ceev hloov lwm lub tsev mus rau lub firing txoj hauj lwm tom qab uncoupling los ntawm lub tsheb laij teb, nws yog txaus rau yug ib tug ncej, txo lub hauv qab slat armored shields thiab nruab xub ntiag. Lub projectiles yog pub los ntawm txhais tes, lawv yog hnyav (txog 80 kg). Ua ntej qhib tua hluav taws shutter yog qhib los ntawm txhais tes, thiab ces, tom qab qhov kev tso tawm ntawm tus thawj lub tes tsho, lub lag luam no yog tag nrho caw kaw lus.

Lub qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob yog ua li cas yog los ntawm kev nias lub kov, los yog los ntawm txoj kev ntawm ib tug hlua tsau rau nws.

sights

Muaj yog ib tug tag nrho-lub sij hawm panoramic pom kho qhov muag OP4M-40U. Rau firing lub hnub siv anti-glare lim. Raws li kev pab txhais tau tias yuav siv tau APN-6-40 hmo ntuj pom kev, thiab thaum tua nyob rau hauv tsis tshua muaj neeg phiv huab cua tej yam kev mob (huab, los daus hlob, los nag) thiab nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm txoj kab ncaj nraim ntawm lub xub ntiag mus rau ib tug tshwj xeeb bracket ntsia radar ntaus ntawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tau hloov ntawm qhov hluav taws kub nyob rau hauv thaum lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv raws li los ntawm lwm qhov chaw. Anti-tank phom "Rapier" yuav tua thiab cuaj luaj (tom qab txhim kho nws rau ib tug tshwj xeeb kev taw qhia cov khoom rau cov laser beam).

mos txwv

Nyob ntawm seb qhov xwm ntawm tus lub hom phaj, ammo siv peb hom. Yuav kom kev sib ntaus los tso tsheb hlau luam siv tho kuaj. Yog hais tias lub hom phiaj muaj ib tug ntau dua theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nws yuav ua rau kev txiav txim zoo rau hluav taws zoo li tus-charge fragmentation warhead, tsiag ntawv los ntawm loj tshaj armor-tho. High-heev projectiles tsim los nrog manpower thiab cov hluav ntawm engineering firing cov ntsiab lus. Rau artillery mos txwv zoo hluav taws taw tes-dawb paug ntau yam ntawm 1.880 meters. Maximum missile davhlau ntau - ntau tshaj 8 km.

Coj missiles, uas muaj peev xwm kuj hluav taws anti-tank phom MT-12 "Rapier", aiming mus ntaus lub hom phaj nyob rau hauv lub plaub kilometers deb.

Daim ntawv thov thiab disadvantages

Tsis muaj leej twg tus qauv caj npab tsis yog tsis muaj drawbacks. Cov phom muaj ib tug high degree ntawm versatility. Qhov no muaj txhawb rau ib tug los pib tshaj tawm los ntawm lub projectile (ntau tshaj ib tug kilometer ib ob), cov loj ntawm lub munition, cov tau kaum sab xis ntawm nce ntawm 20 degrees, tus nqi (txhaj tshuaj txhua txhua 10 vib nas this), thiab ntau lwm yam zoo. Tam sim no, ib tug teb lub xeev yog armed nrog phom MT-12 "Rapier". Photo cov cuab yeej yam ntxwv silhouette nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tej teeb meem aav kom deb li deb los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab ciam teb, thiab zoo heev. Txawm li cas los, ib co tswv twb muaj kev tswj kom tsis txhob siv nws. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog lub cev coj thiab tsis muaj tus tau tag nrho rov qab, thiab ib tug tsim qhov khuam yog zoo heev nyob rau hauv ntau lub respects, ib tug muzzle nres. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias thaum nws raug tua yeej tseem zoo compensates rau tej yam, tab sis nws unmasks txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib tug kaj flash ntawm kub hmoov gases, escaping los ntawm lub qhov nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub thoob. Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog ua los ntawm ntau tshaj li ob thiab ib tug ib nrab txhiab phom MT-12 "Rapier", feem ntau ntawm uas yog conserved.