Pavlovsk Palace. St. Petersburg, Pavlovsk Palace

Txij li thaum 2005 Pavlovsk - ib tug me me zoo nkauj lub zos nyob rau hauv lub Pushkin koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm St. Petersburg. Nws yog situated nyob rau hauv lub Slavyanka dej, 30 km ntawm lub sab qaum teb capital. Kom txog rau thaum 1796 nws yog lub zos ntawm Pavlovsk, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1777.

Ib me ntsis keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv 1777, av nyob rau hauv lub Slavyanka hav dej los ua cov cuab yeej ntawm Paul Petrovich - cov neeg pej xeem Duke Romanov. Manor lub npe hu ua lub "lub zos ntawm Pavlovsk." Tag nrho architectural khaub ncaws ntau yog tsim thiab zoo tag nrho rau yuav luag 50 xyoo. Lub tiaj ua si yog tsim los ntawm tus sau thiab lub palace los ua tus Scot Charles Cameron, uas tau raug caw los Russia rau ua ntawm Tsarskoye selo. Elegant thiab refined Pavlovsk Palace ua tau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qub ntoo lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus Cameron nws tag thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv sij hawm sib txawv muab kev koom tes A. N. Voronihin, K. I. Rossi, J .. Kvarnegi, V. F. Brenna. Pavlovsk zos yog tsim raws li ib tug imperial lub caij ntuj sov chaw nyob, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1788 Paul Petrovich txiav txim siab los muab nws mus rau nws tus poj niam, tawm hauv nws tus kheej Gatchina Palace.

Ib lub lim piam tom qab Paul lub accession mus rau lub rooj huas tias, nws tus kheej kom rename lub zos mus rau lub nroog ntawm Pavlovsk.

Big Pavlovsk Palace

Rau nws loj cov qauv no yog considerably ua tsis tau zoo rau ntau suburbs ntawm St. Petersburg, thiab tsa ib tug nplua nuj thiab elegant Italian villa nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Palladio. Cov tub ntxhais ntawm lub palace tau ua heev compact peb-storey tsev, nyob rau ntawm ob sab ntawm uas muaj tis nrog nkhaus qhov.

Chiv, tus qauv ntawm lub ntsej muag yog txawv los ntawm ib tug peb pom niaj hnub no. Raws li historians, ib-storey sab qhov tau ntxiv tom qab. Pem hauv ntej façade ntawm lub palace yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog yim Corinthian txhua. Lub tsev yog crowned nrog ib tug dome feem ntau spaced txhua. Cov hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub palace twb coj kes duab vajtse Brenna, uas yog tau ho nthuav thiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub palace sab pavilions thiab lub qhov. Qhov no tshwm sim ua ntej Paul tuaj mus rau lub rooj huas tias.

Lub sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj

Pavlovsk Palace, ib tug yees duab uas koj yuav pom nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, muaj ib tug tseem ceeb sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm nws nruj tsos thiab luxurious sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj. Cov av pem teb ntseg ib chav tsev nyob, chav pw, kawm, chav. Nyob rau hauv pem teb ob yog cov thaj chaw, sau npe ntawm uas yog ntawm ib tug neeg sawv cev ua cim.

Ntawm no yog lub ntiaj teb nrog thiab lub Hall ntawm ua tsov ua rog. Tej lub sij hawm Wars Hall ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub Me Throne Hall. Loj Throne Hall yog nyob rau hauv lub South Hall ntawm lub Pavlovsk Palace. Lug Cheeb Tsam 400 m ^2. Nyob quarters, raws li zoo raws li staterooms - yog ib tug suite, uas yog nyob rau ntawm lub perimeter ntawm lub palace. Qhov thib peb pem teb kiag muab tshaj mus rau chaw ua hauj lwm qhov chaw.

Center vaj tse yog Italian Hall, nyob rau hauv lub dome. Nws lub ntsiab kho kom zoo nkauj yog luxurious chandelier, ua los ntawm cov bronze thiab ruby iav nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo. Cov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub cuab twb tau mus kawm los ntawm Brenna, Cameron, Voronikhin.

chaw ua si hauv cheeb tsam

Yog hais tias koj muaj hmoo tuaj tau St. Petersburg, Pavlovsk Palace yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv koj sightseeing txoj kev npaj. Koj yuav tsum muaj lub qhov muag pom tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug zoo kawg li palace, tab sis lub stunning park uas nyob ib ncig nws. Ib cheeb tsam ntawm 600 acres thiab yog ib tug ntshiab piv txwv ntawm cov lus Askiv style park siv. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm txog lub ntuj kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov xwm untouched los ntawm tus txiv neej.

Chaw ua si zoo nkauj uas muaj ntau architectural lug: Aviary, Pavilion ntawm lub Peb graces, khoom noj siv mis, Turkish rooj tog, Italian staircase. Nyob rau Upper lawj koj yuav txaus siab rau ib tug zoo saib ntawm lub hav dej. Muaj kuj yog lub tuam tsev uas Friendship. Qhov no ua hauj lwm sawv cev rau Cameron antique round tuam tsev, ntawm lub perimeter ntawm uas yog teem kanellirovannye Txhua Doric txhawb lub dome.

Xwm ntawm lub tiaj ua si muaj ib tug loj lub ntxa Parade teb liab pavilion. Thaum lub yav qab teb ciam teb ntawm lub tiaj ua si nrog ib tug me me thiab heev cozy ancient tuam tsev hu ua "Monument rau cov niam txiv." Nws ua tau nyob rau hauv 1786, cov neeg pej xeem Empress Maria Fedorovna. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho kev rau siab mus perpetuate lub cim xeeb ntawm nws tus poj niam, kom tus mausoleum project pathetic epitaph "tus txij nkawm-tus siab zoo."

Pavlovsk nyob rau hauv XIX-XX centuries

Lub ntsiab kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub zos nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua, - yog lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tus Tsarskoye selo railway uas kev cob cog rua nrog St. Petersburg. Terminus ua Pavlovsk. Chaw nres tsheb project Shtakenshnejdera kes duab vajtse los ua qhov chaw ntawm cov suab paj nruas lub neej nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Muaj bands khiav G. Mansfeld, B. Bilsen, Strauss tus Hluas. Concerts ua MM Ippolitov-Ivanov, A. K. Glazunov, thiab ntau lwm yam zoo-paub composers thiab musicians.

Kom txog rau thaum 1917, lub Pavlovsk Palace tseem nyob ntawm Lavxias teb sab emperors. Nyob rau hauv 1918, muaj ib tug tsev cia puav pheej "Pavlovsk Palace." Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo lub nroog tau renamed nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Slutsk revolutionary V. Slutskaya.

Nyob rau hauv 1941 lub Nazis seized Pavlovsk Pavlovsk Palace tau heev puas. Kaum ntawm txhiab ntawm cov ntoo tau raug txiav down, puas pavilions, hlawv lub palace, rhuav tshem cov chaw nres tsheb. Soviet troops dim lub nroog nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1944. Yog tias thaum nws tau txais nws cov keeb kwm lub npe. Yuav luag tam sim ntawd lawv pib mus nqa tawm reconstruction kev ua hauj lwm, uas txuas ntxiv kom txog thaum 1971. Xyoo lub Throne thiab Cavaliers Hall tau qhib rau neeg tuaj saib.

daim duab gallery

Maj mam nws tau raug txum tim rov thiab lub tiaj ua si nws tus kheej. Saib xyuas cov hauj lwm ntawm architects SV Popov-Gunich, F. F. Oleynik, IG Kaptsyug, Yi Sinica, VB Mozhayskaya. Qhov tseem active ib feem nyob rau hauv lub restoration coj tag nrho cov tsev khaws puav pheej cov neeg ua haujlwm, raws li zoo raws li nws cov thawj coj ntawm cov kabmob AI Zelenova thiab khaws cov tsev khaws puav pheej AM Kuchumov.

Sau los ntawm cov Pavlovsk Palace

Lawv tsim yog vim mus ncig teb chaws rau teb chaws Europe los ntawm nws cov tswv. Noj ib tug zoo-paub masters, lawv nrhiav sculptures, paintings, bronzes, iav poob lawm, cim txhob lo lo ntxhuav ntaub. ntiaj teb no-nrov Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov khoom arts and crafts thiab fine arts. Ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub exposition yog muab ib tug sau ntawm ancient kos duab, piv txwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab Western European kab lis kev cai ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo.

Cov tsev khaws puav pheej muaj lub feem ntau tag sau los ntawm lub finest iav sawv cev lub kawg ntawm XVIII thiab pib ntawm XIX caug xyoo. Daim ntawm cov rooj tog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nthuav rau historians - cov ua hauj lwm ntawm lub German thiab Fabkis masters. Txiav txim siab txaus siab yog thiab rooj tog zaum drawings A.Voronihina. Muaj ntau ntawm cov chav ntawm lub palace tau raug muab tshem tawm cim tapestries. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub tsev cia puav pheej muaj ib tug tsawg sau los ntawm ceev xwm txheej, Miniatures, paintings, chandeliers thiab ntoos.

Gatchina: Pavlovsk Palace

Qhov no grand qauv yog nyob rau lub shores ntawm nyiaj Lake. Nws pib tsim nyob rau hauv 1765 los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Empress Catherine II. Nws yog unprecedented nyob rau hauv lawv cov generosity khoom plig Empress nyiam suav Orlov. Rau nws, kes duab lub vajtse Rinaldi los ua ib tug palace, uas zoo li ib tug mus yos hav zoov tsev fuabtais yees thiab underground nqe vaj lug kub. Nws siv ntawd kub ntev li rau yuav luag 16 xyoo.

Cov ntsiab nkag yog ib tug pej thuam ntawm Markiori Morleytera thiab "Justice", "rog", "Peace", "Ceev faj". hauv zos tej yam ntuj tso cov pob zeb - rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab architecture ntawm lub tsev tig ntsia ib tug natural khoom muaj lawm hos. Lub Palace yog ua thiab lub classical style, nyob rau hauv cov hnub, ib tug kiag li tshiab thiab tsis paub hais tias.

Suav Orlov, lover ntawm cov khoom kim heev, colossal spared nyiaj rau cov resettlement ntawm lub palace, thiab tsis ntev muab nws mus rau hauv ib tug zoo kawg li chaw nyob. Tom qab nws tuag, Catherine yuav ib tug khoom plig los ntawm qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Orlov thiab muab nws mus rau nws tus tub Paul Kuv - lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Lavxias teb sab huab tais.

Tus tswv tsev rebuilt lub Pavlovsk Palace rau koj los. Reconstruction los ntawm nto moo kes duab vajtse Brennus. Tom qab nws kawm tiav lub palace complex nyob rau tib lub sij hawm pib mus zoo li ib tug khov kho fortification thiab suburban villa. Hloov sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj zog halls thiab lub qhov txais tos cov chav ua muaj tseeb piv txwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab classicism zoo kawg li XVIII thiab XIX centuries.

Los ntawm 1801 mus 1828 xyoo ntawm Pavlovsky palace tau koom rau cov poj ntsuam ntawm Paul kuv, Empress Maria Feodorovna. Thaum ntau lub sij hawm, ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob uas los ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab President: Nicholas kuv, Alexander II, Alexander III, Nicholas II.

Lub rebirth ntawm lub palace

Nazis thaum lub sij hawm lawv tawm nyob rau hauv 1944, hlawv lub palace, txawm li cas los, ua tsaug rau restorers, tsev cia puav pheej cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev pab Pavlovsk Palace nyob rau hauv Gatchina sai sai rov qab los, tab sis lub tsev khaws puav pheej ua muaj rau pej xeem xwb nyob rau hauv 1985. Ib txhia chav Gatchina palace rov qab los nyob rau hauv peb hnub.