Phev Budenny: Phau ntawv sau txog cov commander thiab nthuav tseeb

Phev Mihaylovich Budenny - ib qho ntawm feem nto moo cim ntawm Soviet keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, nws twb admired, qhuas nws, thiab khoom plig uas nws tau txais NW nyuam qhuav haum rau lub hauv siab. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub USSR nws twb liam ntawm txhua tus txawj tuag tej kev txhaum, cam nws coj noj coj ua txuj ci, mus nrhiav kev tawm lub flaws nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej lub neej. Qhov tseeb, raws li ib txwm, yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Marshall yog tsis yog ib tug reference cim, tab sis nws tej txuj ci thiab achievements yog undeniable. Uas khwv tau koob meej thiab kev hwm cov phev Budenny? Biography, interesting tseeb yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm rau koj nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Voronezh nyob rau Don

Nqa tej phuam cavalryman tshwm Cossack Budyonny tag nrho vim hais tias nws tau yug los (25 (13) Plaub Hlis Ntuj 1883) nyob rau hauv Don, nyob rau hauv ib tug tej thaj chaw deb thaj chaw Kozyurin, nyob ze ntawm lub zos ntawm Platov. Tab sis nws niam nws txiv twb outsiders, ib tug neeg uas Voronezh xeev, thiab lub Cossack twb tsis muaj txoj cai (ntawm Don nonresident hu ua xws).

Cov tsev neeg yog neeg txom nyem thiab muaj ntau yam cov me nyuam (8 cov me nyuam), tab sis tus phooj ywg thiab hwm. Xime-oos (tus tub thib ob) muaj 8 xyoo kom tau ib tug ua hauj lwm rau lub lag luam Yatskin. Nws ua hauj lwm nrog nws kom txog thaum 1903 (thawj ua hauj lwm, ces ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub forge, thiab tom qab ntawd los ua ib tug tus kws siv tshuab), thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm uas muaj kev tswj kom kawm rau kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm tus ntaus khoom.

Tsis yog ib tug Cossack, kua phev txiv neej Budenny, ib tug luv luv biography yog ntawm kev txaus siab rau tag nrho cov lovers ntawm keeb kwm, muaj mastered rau lub Cossack tub rog txawj ntse thiab nws muaj peev xwm mus txiav vine (ua qauv qhia ce rau cavalry) tswj kom surprise txawm tus tsov rog Minister Kuropatkin.

Ob tug kev tsov kev rog thiab St. George lub ribbon

Nyob rau hauv 1903 Semena Budennogo (los ntawm ces twb sib yuav) tau nais tau sau tseg. Service nws pib nyob rau hauv lub Far East, yog ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv tsov rog nrog Nyiv ntawm 1904-1905.

Tom qab cov tub rog kev pab cuam Budyonny yog nyob rau hauv cov tub rog thiab nyob rau hauv 1907 twb raug xa mus khiav dej num tsev kawm ntawv kev kawm rau qhov qis dua ibyam (raws li qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov tub rog ntawm lub tso kom muaj kab muaj kev). Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej, nws yog ib tug twb tau uas tsis yog-commissioned officer uas tiv thaiv nrog lub Germans thiab cov Turks.

Budyonny tiv thaiv kom zoo uas nws tau los ua tus tswv ntawm "tag nrho hneev nti" - lub George Cross thiab tag nrho cov powers ntawm lub St. George puav pheej, dhau lawm, ntawm tag nrho cov degrees. Crosses nws, nruj me ntsis hais lus, muaj tsib. Tus thawj plaub-degree mus tom qab Budyonny muab ib yam nkaus thiab tawv sergeant. Qhov ntawd yog nws tus kheej txhaum - qias neeg thiab foom phem rau cov sergeant ntaus nws ua ntej. Tab sis nws yog ib tug senior tub ceev xwm, thiab ib qho puav pheej los ntawm Budennogo tam sim ntawd.

Tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub tsarist Budyonny los ua tus tswj ntawm lub regimental pawg neeg. Nws muaj ib lub caij nyoog yuav coj ib feem nyob rau hauv cov hluav ntawm lub Kornilov revolt.

Muaj ntau ntawm peb muaj Budennogo

Biography Budennogo Semena Mihaylovicha hais tias tom qab lub kaum hli ntuj, nws rov qab los tsev, tus Don, thiab nws tau tsim ib tug revolutionary cavalry. Yog li pib lub legendary Thawj cavalry ...

Ua ntej, nws tog tuaj koom lub tso kom muaj kab muaj kev P. Dumenko. Ces tus tso kom muaj kab muaj kev muab Brigade, tom qab ntawd - Division, txawv nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub battles ntawm Tsaritsyn.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1919 nws tau txiav txim siab los ua ib tug loj nyob rau hauv lub Red Army cavalry units - hauv rooj plaub thawj. Thaum nws lub taub hau sawv Budyonny. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub tib lub xyoo, lub cev tau raug hloov mus rau hauv tus thawj li hlau railings Army. Nws tau los ua tus nto moo tshaj plaws liab cov tub rog units. Lub civil tsov rog twb tsis tau tas, tab sis hais txog lub "Budenny" twb pib qhia legends. Cov tub rog thiab nws cov commander twb nrov heev nyob rau hauv lub Soviet kos duab rau ntawm composing lawv qhia cov dab neeg rau cov me nyuam, hais nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm lub Soviet zaj nkauj; "Budenny" ua heroes ntawm sau ntawv xws li Babel, Tolstoy, Sholokhov. Nws yog nyob rau hauv no cov tub rog mus rau pab raws li ib tug "Elusive Avengers" - tus hluas heroes ntawm lub cult ntawm lub revolutionary taug txuj kev nyuaj zaj duab xis. Budenovka ntug (daim ntaub kaus mom hlau uas tau siv raws li ib tug cavalry zoo li tus headdress) los ua ib lub cim ntawm lub Soviet Union (txawm hais tias muaj yog ib tug version uas invented nws yog tseem nyob rau hauv tsarist sij hawm): "Yuav ua li cas pib motherland .. Nrog cov laus txiv Budenovka uas qhov chaw? nyob rau hauv lub txee dai khaub ncaws, peb pom ... ".

Thawj cavalry tawm tsam Denikin, Mammoth, phua ntiag, Wrangel koom nyob rau hauv lub Polish-Soviet ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1920-1921. Feem ntau ntawm nws cov hauj lwm tau zoo, uas qhia tias lub undoubted txuj ci ntawm lub commander. Lawm, muaj kuj rhiab txhab; nyob rau hauv particular, tsov rog nrog rau hauv teb chaws Poland twb unsuccessfully.

Nws commander tuaj koom lub party nyob rau hauv 1919.

Marshall-breeders

Thawj cavalry Budyonny txib kom txog rau thaum 1923. Nws ces ua Deputy Commander (cavalry), ib xyoos tom qab los ua ib tug neeg soj ntsuam ntawm cavalry pab tub rog, thiab tseem nyob rau hauv no ncej kom txog rau thaum 1937.

Ib txhij Budyonny tsa lub peev xwm - nyob rau hauv 1932 nws kawm tiav los ntawm qhov kev pab Military Academy. Frunze. Nyob rau hauv 1935, nws twb muab tsub lub title ntawm Marshal (ib tug ntawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus tsib).

Los ntawm 1937 mus txog rau thaum pib ntawm lub Great Patriotic Budyonny yog tus commander ntawm lub Moscow tub rog District, yog ib tug Supreme tub rog Council, yog deputy thiab tom qab ntawd thawj deputy neeg Commissar ntawm kws muaj txuj ci.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, Semyon Mikhailovich ua npaum li cas rau domestic yug me nyuam rau. Nws txawm liam ntawm nws, arguing tias txoj kev hlub rau nees ua rau nws ib tug yeeb ncuab uas niaj hnub tub rog cov khoom. Tseeb, Marshall tsis nyiam tso tsheb hlau luam. Txawm li cas los, los ntawm nws lub teeb tes cavalry units tau muaj pov thawj yuav nyob rau hauv tsov rog nrog rau lub Nazis txig. Yog, thiab cov Budyonny tub rog innovate bravely tau nyiaj dhau los, thiab txawm cog lus nyob rau hauv 1931 kaus poob los dhia (qhov no yog 48 xyoo!).

Marshal kuj liam ntawm kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsuj tiv thaiv tus neeg zoo tshaj Soviet thawj coj tub rog. Yog, nws hais tawm sharply tiv thaiv Tomsky, Rykov, Uborevicha Tukhachevsky. Nws tsis tau sawv ntsug rau nws tus kheej thiab nws ob tus poj niam, uas twb puas tau raug ntes nyob rau hauv 1937. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau cov kev tswj ntawm nws tus nees teb, nws sawv nyob rau hauv tus muaj zog tshaj cov nqe lus, thiab tus poj niam mus rau lub Lubyanka, yuav yeej tsis tau mus txog. Thiab raws li cov lus dab neeg, thiab tus kheej kuv muaj pov thawj hais tias rau txim rau tsis yog li ntawd yooj yim txiav txim tus txiv neej. Liam, nws pom ib tug hmo ntuj nyob ze lub tsev ntawm tus NKVD tshuab Budyonny hem lawv nrog ib tug tshuab rab phom, thiab ces lwm, thiab tsis yws rau lawv Stalin, hu "counter-revolutionaries". Stalin liam ces hais mus rau tawm hauv Marshal ib leeg, paub hais tias nws yuav tsis sib ntaus sib tua rau lub hwj chim.

Ob leeg tsim muaj, teb chaws zoo kawg ...

Thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic Semyon Mikhailovich tsis ua si xws li ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm, ob leeg nyob rau hauv lub pej xeem, nws lub sij hawm tau ploj mus. Tab sis nws yog ib feem ntawm lub twv, yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm tus tiv thaiv ntawm Moscow, txib rau pem hauv ntej nyob rau hauv lub Caucasus. Nws yog tus initiator zuj zus lub xov tooj ntawm cavalry formations nyob rau hauv lub tub rog (ib co ntseeg hais tias nws yog lub tswv yim ntawm Zhukov), thiab lub hom phiaj them tawm.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub Budenny, uas nws biography yog tag nrho ntawm nthuav cov lus tseeb, kom lub bombing ntawm lub pas dej tauv lub Dnieper. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam hu kev txiav txim no ib tug criminal vim hais tias nws de coj mus rau kev tuag ntawm muaj ntau yam ntawm cov retreating Red Army, raws li zoo raws li civilians. Tab sis feem ntau historians cam hais tias lub xov tooj ntawm cov neeg raug (ntawm cov hoob kawm lawv twb) zoo heev exaggerated, thiab qhov kev txiav txim tau ua kom raug. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua rau Ukraine Budyonny pheej pom tias ib tug tawm raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm khaws cia rau hauv lub neeg.

ib thaj yeeb lub neej

Tom qab tsov rog, lub commander Budyonny, uas nws biography yog nplua nuj thiab nthuav, yog ib tug neeg soj ntsuam ntawm cavalry, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm cov pab pawg neeg ntawm inspectors General ntawm lub Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci, raws li zoo raws li (los ntawm 1947 mus 1953) - Deputy Minister of Agriculture (yug me nyuam rau, tsis muaj leej twg tso tseg!). Nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub teb chaws tus coj noj coj (cov Central Executive Committee, lub Presidium ntawm lub Supreme Council).

Marshal nyob ib lub neej ntev (nws tuag nyob rau hauv 91 th xyoo ntawm lub neej, thiab tsis muaj ib tug ntev kev muaj mob, ib tug mob stroke), thiab yus los zoo zog, lub zog, noj qab nyob zoo. Raws li twb tau hais, nyob rau hauv 48 xyoo, nws dhia nrog ib tug kaus poob los, thiab cov me nyuam (peb!) Nws yug los, thaum nws dhau lawm yog zoo tshaj 50. Budenny nws tus kheej, nws biography yog qhov raug ntawm peb saib xyuas, sib cav hais tias, nyob rau hauv 50 lub xyoos yuav mus nrog tus thib ob pem teb ntawm lub tsev mus rau hauv lub vaj nyob rau hauv nws caj npab. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 84 nws ntaus nws zoo siab pom ntawm neeg sau xov xwm los ntawm Voronezh, uas nws tau ntsib nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub liberation ntawm lub nroog thaum lub sij hawm lub Civil War.

Marshall tuag Lub kaum hli ntuj 26, 1973, faus nyob rau hauv liab Square. Tab sis zoo li zoo tag nrho cov txiv neej, nws twb tau destined rau ib tug lub neej tom qab kev tuag, thiab tseem qhia legends txog nws.

tsev neeg teeb meem

Biography Semena Budennogo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog cov poj niam muaj tsis yog tus zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev. Ib txhia tsev neeg muaj teeb meem txuas rau txojkev tiv thaiv cov poj niam. Ntawm no yog ib tug ntau ntawm "dub" detective. Nws yog hais tias Semyon Mikhailovich tua nws thawj tus poj niam thiab muab mus rau lub NKVD thib ob.

Vam thiab cia siab, cov thawj tus poj niam ntawm Budyonny, nyob rau hauv them nyiaj ntawm cov kev kho mob chav tsev ntawm tus thawj li hlau railings. Lub quarrels ntawm lub ob peb muaj - tus poj niam tsis txawv fidelity, thiab Budyonny tshwm sim "mus rau sab laug". Nyob rau hauv 1924, Cia Siab raug tua los ntawm ib rab yaj phom txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv uas muab sawv mus rau lub taug xaiv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb qhov teeb meem tim khawv twb - muaj ib tug kev huam yuaj.

Olga Stefanovna thib ob tus poj niam yau tshaj nws tus txiv 20 xyoo. Opera singer, nws coj ib tug heev cov tsiaj qus lub neej, "muaj ib tug yi" nrog rau cov tenor, feem ntau yog xyuas los ntawm txawv teb chaws embassy thiab tsis kam muaj me nyuam (rau cov duab!). Rau "strays" nyob rau hauv nws cov Embassy thiab puas tau raug ntes. Budyonny yeej sawv rau nws, tab sis muaj ib tug version hais tias nws ntseeg hais tias nws tau tuag lawm. Xijpeem, nws yog sib yuav rau lub sij hawm, thiab Maria lees paub Olga nkauj muam nraug nus. Olga Stefanovna tso nyob rau hauv 1956, thiab cov ex-txiv pab nws tsiv mus nyob rau Moscow thiab txhawb nyiaj txiag.

buddy tus yawg

Qhov thib peb kev sib yuav yog kev vam meej, nws muaj ob tug tub thiab ib tug ntxhais. Thiab nws tus poj niam thiab cov me nyuam Marshal hlub thiab puas.

Budennogo tus ntxhais, Nina, yog tus poj niam ntawm tus naas ej actor Mikhail Derzhavin, thiab nws tau txais raws zoo nrog leej txiv thiab muab sau nws hlub rau nws cov xeeb ntxwv. Nws hais rau nws cov tub xeeb ntxwv mus saib lub portrait ntawm Stalin, hais tias ib tug txawv teb chaws neeg sau xov xwm: "Qhov no yog ib tug phooj ywg ntawm kuv txiv yawg."

uas nws kim heev iconostasis

Nws ua lus tso dag thiab hlub tshaj Budennogo rau khoom plig. Yog, peb cov hnub qub ntawm lub Hero ntawm lub Soviet Union nws tau txais tom qab qhov kawg ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog. Nws kuj muaj xya Orders ntawm Lenin thiab 6 - Liab Banner. Tab sis rau tag nrho cov hneev nti ntawm St. George, kom meej meej qhia tau hais tias nws tsis yog xwb nyob rau hauv ib tug siab txoj hauj lwm ...

Lub armored tsheb ciav hlau, nkoj, cheeb tsam ...

Lub npe Budennogo immortalized tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv "Budyonovka", muaj kuj yog ib tug tsiaj uas racehorses - Budyonnovsk. Kuv nqa no lub npe thiab ib armored tsheb ciav hlau, uas tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, thiab ib tug loj cov neeg nrog caij nkoj, thiab koog tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Donetsk.

Lub cheeb tsam no yog hu ua li ob zaug - mus txog rau 1958 thiab ces tus 1980. Kom txog rau thaum tam sim no, lub nroog muaj cov neeg uas nyob "ob zaug nyob rau hauv Budyonnovsk cheeb tsam." Thiab lub npe lawv yuav tsis hloov!

Thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav mas cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm los ntsuas cov niaj hnub ntsuas. Lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv lub sij hawm.