Ploskireva nruab nrab (Bacto-agar F): cov hauj lwm. Medical microbiology

Ploskireva nruab nrab (hereinafter xa mus rau raws li tseem Bacto agar F) yog ib tug as nruab nrab rau cov sau qoob rau tej yam kab mob, feem ntau Shigella thiab tus kab mob Salmonella. Raws li ib qhov chaw rau nws siv tau tus kab mob uas siv: zis, kua tsib, quav.

zaj dabneeg

Nikolay Ivanovich Ploskirev - Soviet microbiologist thiab honored tus kws kho mob. Nws yug los nyob rau hauv 1869 thiab tuag nyob rau hauv 1948, muaj ua hauj lwm feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej nyob rau hauv nws hometown - Tomsk.

Nyob rau hauv 1888, nws, yav tom ntej tus paub txog, tsis muaj ua kom tiav cov qib ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, tuaj koom cov tub rog. nws muaj peev xwm mus ua kom tiav qhov kev cob qhia xwb nyob rau hauv 1892, ces dhau lub xeem cov kev xeem nkag mus rau lub Imperial Tomsk University, nws kawm nyob rau tom tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv 1898 nws tau txais lub npe ntawm tus kws kho mob.

Ploskirev koom nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab-Japanese ua tsov ua rog, thiab tom qab nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Tomsk tsev kho mob. Nyob rau hauv 1910 nws tau raug tsa ua tus ncej ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub Tomsk dermatological thiab venereal tsev kho mob, thiab rau peb caug xyoo lawm nws tas mus li lub taub hau. Cov tib neeg kawm xaij yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm STI lub tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv Tomsk.

Nikolay Ivanovich Ploskirev sau ib tug series ntawm tej hauj lwm mob siab rau mus rau lub sib ntaus tawm tsam venereal cov kab mob.

qauv

Wednesday Ploskireva - cov ntaub ntawv uas rau cov sau qoob rau ntawm plab hnyuv kab mob thiab, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj ob peb hom as-ham. Nws yuav ua nyob rau hauv qhuav daim ntawv no.

Ib tug loj heev kev faib ua feem ntawm nws cov yuag tag nrho yog pancreatic hydrolyzate sprat (10.4 g / l). Me ntsis tsawg lees paub rau hydrocitrate dibasic sodium (8.5 g / l). Tsis tas li ntawd muaj yog ib tug qhuav as broth thiab mis nyuj haus qab zib (8.62 thiab 7.3 g / l).

Qhov thib ob lub npe Ploskireva nruab nrab - J. Bacto-agar nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg nws yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li ntawm agar, 6,94 g / l. Seriovatistokislogo anhydrous sodium cov ntsiab lus sib npaug zos rau 5.1 g / l. Muaj yog lub xub ntiag ntawm anhydrous disodium phosphate - 2.1 g / l, sodium ntsev ntawm cholic acid txog 3,46 g / l thiab dej qab zib tshauv - 2.4 g

Tsawg tshaj li ib gram muaj nyob rau ntawd indicators - nruab nrab liab (0.05) thiab ci ntsa iab ntsuab (0.0002). Lub iodine ntsiab lus - 0,13.

daim ntawv thov

Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub biochemical kev ntawm cov kab mob plays ib tug tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub mob ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau co kab mob. Hom nyob hauv tsev neeg no - pua pua. Lawv yog cov yuav luag zoo tib yam nyob rau hauv morphology thiab kev cai, thiab feem ntau txhim khu kev qha txoj kev uas yuav paub qhov txawv lawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam - yog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm biochemistry.

Txoj kev tshawb no pib nrog lub kuj ntawm pathological cov ntaub ntawv uas mus rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai nruab nrab. Nws pathological differential rau coliform kab mob thiab ib feem ntawm nws, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus dawb agar, muaj xws li lub teeb thiab lactose. Ua muaj peev xwm ntawm lactose - ib tug tseem ceeb kos npe rau ntawm ntau yam ntawm enterobacteria. Yog hais tias qhov no yog sab, lub pH hloov ntawm acidity thiab qhov taw qhia yog tshuab txais, uas puv cov colony.

Lwm lub teb chaws tej zaum yuav siv lwm yam as xov xwm, tab sis lawv cov mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim raws nkaus Ii mus rau peb feem ntau nyob rau hauv Russia - no ib puag ncig Endo thiab Levine Ploskireva Wednesday.

Hauj lwm ntawm txoj kev

Sia mus thoob ntiajteb Ploskireva analog nruab nrab yog ib tug thiaj li hu ua Macconkey Agar. Nyob rau hauv tiav lawm daim ntawv tshab tshuaj muaj ib lub teeb liab-daj xim. Zos tau ua lactose, cov Ploskireva muab liab (cranberry) xim. Yog hais tias cov kab mob yuav tsis ua nws, los yog colony yog tsis muaj kob los yog muaj ib tug tsis muaj zog xim.

Muab hais tias tus yeees ntawm cov qhov nruab nrab muaj xws li tshuaj Ploskireva inhibitors (ci ntsa iab ntsuab, cov kua tsib ntsev, iodine), nws yog yuav luag tag cheeb qhov uas cov kev loj hlob ntawm gram-zoo muaj, raws li nyob rau hauv thawj hnub eshehiry ho qeeb txoj kev loj hlob, raws li zoo li lwm yam li ib txwm concomitant microflora.

thib ob txhais ceg

Ntxiv ntawm kev txaus siab yog cov kev xaiv ntawm lub colony, thiab nws yog seeded rau ib tug thawj cia nruab nrab thiab ntau yam zoo. Cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv uas muaj yog yub yuav tsum muaj ntau yam substrates. Kab mob kab lis kev cai yuav tsum ntes enzymatic kev ua si nrog hwm rau lawv, mus rau tib nruab nrab tso rau hauv cov hlab li hais tias muaj ob qhov chaw:

• ib tug nyob rau hauv uas lub slanting agar;
• nrog ib kem.

Lub paj ntawm kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv lub colony populated bevelled feem tuab stroke thiab nyob rau hauv ib kem - ib tug prick. Rau ntawm no theem, qhov nruab nrab siv Russell, Kligler los yog Olkenitskogo. Raws li differential mob siv thiab Ploskireva Wednesday.

Microbiology thiab pathogenic cov kab mob

Agar Ploskireva yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tebchaws kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm Enterobacteriaceae. Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, nws yog zus thiab kev hloov zos ntawm kab mob uas ua rau bacillary dysentery. Qhov no co kab teej tug mus rau lub genus Schigella.

Zoo li txhua leej txhua tus uas yog ib feem ntawm ib tsev neeg ntawm plab hnyuv kab mob, mob Shigella muaj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm rods, qhov luaj li cas ntawm ob micrometers. Lawv tsis roos tsiav tshuaj thiab noob muaj flagella - nws tso cai rau lawv yuav tsum tau txawv los ntawm tus kab mob Salmonella, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog mobile. Lawv loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv feem ntau yooj yim xov xwm, ntawm ib tug kub me ntsis saum toj no ambient (35-37 ° C) thiab 7,4 pH. Los ntawm qhov xwm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, zos tsis txawv los ntawm tus kab mob Salmonella.

Raws li sib tham saum toj no, kab mob yuav tshuam morphological sib txawv, li cas los xij, sib txawv ho nyob rau hauv biochemical kev ntawm lub neej. Yog li, tsuas yog rau tus mob Shigella Nyukestl, tsis muaj tus tsim ntawm acid roj tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm fermentation ntawm carbohydrates. Nrog rau cov kev zam ntawm Shigella sonnei, lawv yuav tsis ferment lactose, tab sis yog nqis qabzib. Cia li mus rau lawv yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, koj yuav tau nqa lawv li cas lawv ua tau kom txo niraty rau nitrite. Lawv zos tau nqis nrog urea, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai nruab nrab yog tsis muaj liquefaction ntawm gelatin.

Sau thiab npaj ntawm noob

Mus ntes ua hauj lawm ntawm dysentery, yuav tsum microbiological kev ntsuam xyuas raug tej kev kawm, xws li faeces neeg mob. Thaum tau txais daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom, koj yuav tsum tau sai li sai tau ua lub sowing. Yog hais tias qhov no yog tsis tau, qhov yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib tug preservative - phosphate tsis sib tov los yog glycerol. Thaum muaj 4 ° C, lawv yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau ntau tshaj li ib hnub. Sau cov khoom yuav tsum tau nqa tawm los ntawm txhais tau tias ntawm ib tug lub qhov quav iav raj uas yog ntxig rau hauv lub qhov quav.

Rau cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas xaiv purulent hnoos qeev daim tsum tau ntxuav nyob rau hauv ob mus rau peb cov hlab isotonic sodium tshuaj dawb tov.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm pathogenic cov kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Ploskireva ua iav spatula. Koj yuav tsum muab rau ib tug me me ntawm nws agar, ces lub kua muag tawm lub duav rau cov ib puag ncig, thiab cov residual khoom txawm lig los plhws rau hauv lub Sown nto. Yog hais tias lub yub yog ua li cas nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb khob, ces mus rau txhua yam uas lawv yuav tsum cog ib tug tshiab batch.

Yog hais tias muco-purulent daim muaj nyob rau hauv kev noj nyob ib saab tsom xam, nws tsis txhais hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj xub ntiag ntawm pathogens. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug cov ntaub ntawv nws yog tsim nyog los emulsify quav nyob rau hauv 10 ml ntawm sodium tshuaj dawb (concentration 0.85%) thiab ces tseb ib los yog ob tee rau ib tug nruab nrab Ploskireva. Tsis-emulsified lub rooj zaum yuav tsum sown nyob rau hauv selenitovy broth. Nws kuj siv tau, yog hais tias, tsis txhob siv lub quav yog ntuav los yog ntxuav.

microbiological mob

Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm microbiological kev tshawb fawb nqa tawm sowing ntawm pathogenic cov kab mob nyob rau hauv ob lub khob, ces mus saib yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob Shigella. On Wednesday Ploskireva tsim ib tug qoob loo, thiab lub thib ob - nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam los yog Endo Levin.

Vim lub fact tias muaj kab mob los ntawm tus mob Shigella yog resistant rau tshuaj tua kab mob, mus rau lub nruab nrab twb supplemented nrog chloramphenicol. Ces nws tshwm sim tsis pub dhau hnub ncu tus kab mob nyob rau hauv ib tug incubator ntawm 37 ° C.

On thib ob hnub mus tshawb cov zus zos. Cov uas tsis nyob rau hauv cov differential diagnostic nruab nrab zus tsis muaj kob, nws yog tsim nyog los maj tawm Russell tus nruab nrab los yog luv luv "motley uake." Kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yog ua los ntawm lub algorithm ntawm cov thawj cov qoob loo nyob rau hauv lawv. Zos ntawm Shigella on Wednesday Ploskireva loj hlob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob tshab, tsis muaj kob thiab me me txhua. Lawv yog cov ntawm ob hom:

• flattened nrog jagged sawv;
• sib npaug, convex, nrog ib tug raug ntub ci.

Peb los yog plaub zos yuav tsum tau mikroskopirovat thiab nais maum kuaj rau muaj. Yog hais tias tus tom kawg tsis tuaj, lawv relocated rau Wednesday Olkenitskogo cais tawm ib tug dawb huv kab lis kev cai. Nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv zos Shigella los yog hais tias tsis muaj txoj kev loj hlob yog cai nyob rau tag nrho cov, nws yog tsim nyog los Endo agar los yog Ploskireva khoom yub ntawm selenitovogo broth. Yog hais tias tus raug zos yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv coob txaus, muab lub kwv yees agglutination. Ib tug sib tov ntawm sera sonnei thiab Flexner, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub khob.

kev tshawb fawb ntxiv

Nyob rau hnub peb muaj cov kev hloov uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub zos nyob rau hauv lub medium Russell tus. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug kab lis kev cai uas tsis thuam cov lactose thiab piam thaj ferments rau tsim ib tug acid, nws yog sib cais thiab analyzed, siv microscopy, raws li zoo raws li nqa tawm sowing nyob rau hauv lub "motley kab," tab sis lub sij hawm no txhab. Cia li muab cov agglutination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav serological kev qhia kom paub.

Nyob rau hauv hnub kawg, nws yuav tsum xaus lus rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub "motley tus xov tooj" (yog hais tias muaj yog fermentation ntawm carbohydrates), raws li zoo raws li tshab xyuas lub agglutination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Cia thiab kev npaj

Kev npaj ntawm agar Ploskireva tshwm sim raws li nram no:

1. 55 g qhuav tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog do nyob rau hauv ib tug liter ntawm dej distilled.
2. Hau rau ob mus rau peb feeb kom txog thaum lub agar yog tseem tsis tau kiag li melted.
3. Ncuav mus rau hauv Petri tais diav (sterility los tau) txheej ntawm 5-6 hli.
4. Cov phiaj yog tshuav qhib rau ib tug ib nrab teev nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub (18-25 degrees). Tom qab lub sij hawm no qhov nruab nrab yog txaus ua kom tawv thiab qhuav.

Wednesday Ploskireva photosensitive thiab hygroscopic. Lub hmoov yuav tsum tau cia rau hauv lub pob, qhov ntub noo nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 60%. Lub zoo kub rau lub cia ntawm 2 ° C rau 25 ° C. Cia yuav tsum ua raws li nrog rau cov kev cai, txwv tsis pub tau tsis muaj tseeb tshawb pom.