Qhov twg Azerbaijan? Republic of Azerbaijan: lub peev, pejxeem, txiaj thiab cov attractions

Azerbaijan yog ib lub koom haum nrog cov thawj tswj hwm ntawm tsoom fwv. Lub xeev no suav hais tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv South Caucasus. Wb xav ntxiv nta uas txawv qhov Republic of Azerbaijan.

Cov lus qhia dav dav

Lub peev ntawm lub xeev yog Baku. Lub teb chaws yog xam tag nrho. Lub xeev nyob hauv East East. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm Azerbaijan yog inhabited los ntawm ntau tshaj 9 lab cov neeg. (Rau 2013). Lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws - 86 txhiab square meters. Km. Lub xeev lus ntawm xeev yog Azerbaijan. Lub teb chaws yog ntau qhov kev sib txuam thiab ntau haiv neeg. Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem professes Islam, lub me feem - Christianity thiab Judaism. Los ntawm 1 Cuaj hlis 2013 txhua tus pej xeem hauv Azerbaijan muaj daim ntawv hla tebchaws biometric. Nws yog siv rau kev mus ncig hauv lub tebchaws thiab mus txawv tebchaws. Lub tsev nyiaj yog Azerbaijani manat (1 AZN yog li 42 Lavxias rub).

Hnub caiv nyob rau hauv Azerbaijan

Teb hauv lub teb chaws no:

1. Xyoo Tshiab (Lub Ib Hlis 1).
2. International Women's Day (Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj Tim 8).
3. Novruz Bayramy (21.03).

Nyob rau hauv cov hnub so ntawm Azerbaijan tseem muaj hnub:

1. Hnub Yeej (Tsib Hlis 9).
2. Tebchaws (28.05).
3. Armed rog (Lub Rau Hli 26).
4. Kev ywj pheej (Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj 18).
5. Lub teb chaws chij (Kaum Ib Hlis 9).
6. Constitution (Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 12).
7. Kev Sib Thoob Tebchaws (Kaum Ib Hlis 17).
8. Kev sib haum ntawm Azerbaijan cov thoob plaws ntiaj teb (Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj 31).

Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj 31 yog Hnub Caum.

Tus Thawj Tswj Hwm

Nws ua raws li lub taub hau ntawm lub xeev. Tus thawj coj yog xaiv tsa los ntawm kev xaiv tsa. Ntev nyob ntawm tus ncej yog 5 xyoos. Lub hwj chim ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm muaj xws li lub sij hawm ntawm tsoom fwv nom tswv. Yog hais tias nyob hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm kev ua tub rog cov kev xaiv tsa tsis tau ua kom tiav, lub sij hawm ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm tseem txog thaum lawv tiav. Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov no raug coj los ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Rooj Sib Tham hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm lub xeev lub cev, uas nws kev txawj ntse yog los xyuas kom muaj kev pov npav.

Nta ntawm txoj cai ntawm Azerbaijan

Lub koom haum tshaj plaws yog National Unicameral Assembly - lub National Mejlis. Cov cai ntawm Azerbaijan tau txais los ntawm 125 tus neeg sawv cev. Ib lub koom haum xaiv tsa yog xaiv los ntawm txhua tus neeg xaiv ntsej muag. Lub sij hawm ntawm chaw ua haujlwm yog 5 xyoos. Thawj qhov kev xaiv tsa tau muaj nyob rau xyoo 1955. Muaj ntau tshaj 30 tog neeg thiab kev sib txawv hauv lub tebchaws. Cov tseem ceeb yog:

1. "Tshiab Azerbaijan".
2. "Musavat".
3. Democrat Party.
4. "Cov neeg pem hauv ntej."
5. Lub Nplaj Xis Qub.
6. Tus Social-Democratic txav.

Lub teb chaws economic complex

Cov koom pheej ntawm Azerbaijan yog ib lub teb chaws industrial-agrarian. Lub xeev yog kev lag luam zoo. Lub teb chaws txoj kev ua liaj ua teb yog ntau yam. Qhov chaw tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws cov nyiaj txiag muaj nyob ntawm roj thiab roj tsim, tshuaj lom neeg, tsuas, siv tshuab, thiab cov xim hlau tsis sib haum. Cov zaub mov lag luam zoo tsim: tshuaj yej, haus luam yeeb, kaus poom, winemaking. Ntau qhov ntawm cov khoom siv tau muab teev rau hauv qhov kev lag luam lub teeb (paj rwb, paj rwb, ntaub plaub, lo lo ntxhuav, ntaub pua plag). Azerbaijan kev khwv nyiaj txiag yog pom tias yuav tsum ua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub CIS lub teb chaws. Nyob rau lub sij hawm txij xyoo 2003 mus rau 2008, Lub teb chaws tus GDP nce 2.6 npaug, thiab kev txom nyem theem qis dua li 45 mus rau 11%. Hauv xyoo 2006, lub GDP nce siab tshaj 36.6%. Kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm Azerbaijan tseem tuaj yeem mus txuas ntxiv txij li xyoo 1996. Tau 10 xyoo dhau los, nws tau ntxiv qhov nruab nrab ntawm 13.6% txhua xyoo.

Geographical qhov chaw

Lub koom haum ntawm Azerbaijan yog ntxuav los ntawm hiav txwv Caspian. Nyob rau thaj av, lub teb chaws cov neeg nyob sab nraud nrog Russia, Armenia, Georgia, Iran. Lub Nakhichevan AR - exclave ntawm Azerbaijan - ciam teb rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj nrog Armenia, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab hnub poob - nrog Iran, nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob - nrog Qaib Cov Txwv.

Kev Pabcuam

Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov av ntawm lub xeev yog nyob ntawm roob. Sab qaum teb ntawm lawv yog nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm Greater, Western thiab South-Western - Lesser Caucasus. Nyob rau hauv highlands muaj glaciers. Ntawm no yog turbulent dej ntawm Azerbaijan khiav. Hauv nruab nrab qhov kev sib tw muaj tob tob. Cov ridges ntawm Greater Caucasus los ntawm sab hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj yog thawj maj mam, ces sharply txo. Lawv raug hloov los ntawm cov uas tsis tshua muaj kev caij tsheb. Nyob rau hauv Lesser Caucasus, cov roob tsis txawv hauv high altitude. Lawv suav nrog ntau ridges thiab Garabagh toj siab nrog lub plhis hluav taws. Sab hnub tuaj yog nyob rau ntawm roob Lenkoran. Lawv muaj 3 lub caij sib luag. Qhov siab tshaj yog Talysh Ridge. Nws lub ntsiab ncov, Kemryukey, nce mus txog 2477 m.

Nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov roob ntawm Lesser thiab Greater Caucasus yog Kura-Araks lowland. Nws sab qaum teb thiab sab qaum teb-sab qaum teb yog sawv cev ntawm lub hauv toj siab, cov kwj ha thiab cov caij tsheb tsawg. Sab hnub tuaj thiab hauv qhov chaw pw alluvial nras. Nyob ze ntawm lub hiav txwv dej hiav txwv yog qhov qis kawg ntawm Kura. Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia txog sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Greater Caucasus lies hauv Kusar Plain. Hiav txwv Caspian suav nrog Kaba thiab Tsov rog Abheron. Lub ntsiab dej ntawm lub tebchaws yog r. Kura. Nws hla lub tebchaws los ntawm qaum teb sab hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj, ntws mus rau hauv Hiav Txwv Cas. Lub hauv paus loj yog Arax. Feem ntau ntawm lub teb chaws tus dej ntws mus rau lub Basa River phiab. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj txog ib txhiab ntws nyob rau hauv ib ncig, txawm li cas los tsuas yog 21 muaj ib tug ntev ntawm ntau tshaj ib puas kilometers.

Keeb kwm

Lub Koom Haum ntawm Azerbaijan yog tsim thaum lub caij nyoog ntawm lub USSR xyoo 1991. Raws li thawj tus thawj tswj hwm, Ayaz Mutalibov hais. Lub yim hli ntuj xyoo 1991, lub Supreme Council ntawm lub tebchaws tau txais ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm. Nyob rau hauv raws li nws, lub koom pheej ntawm Azerbaijan regained nws kev ywj pheej. Hauv kev ua raws li cov lus tshaj tawm, kev cai lij choj raug pom zoo. Nws txhais lub hauv paus ntawm kev lag luam, kev tswj hwm thiab lub xeev ntawm Azerbaijan. Nyob rau lub rau hli ntuj xyoo 1992, Abulfaz Elchibey hloov Ayaz Mutalibov. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Azerbaijan nws lub taub hau ntawm Nrov pem hauv ntej. Yagub Mammadov thiab Isa Gambar tseem ua haujlwm ua ib ntus ntawm lub tebchaws. Ob qho tib si yog cov thawj coj ntawm tsoom fwv hauv Azerbaijan.

Lub taub hau tshiab ntawm lub teb chaws

Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm cov tub rog confrontation, ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim vim yog tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm Nrov Pem Hauv Ntej. Tag nrho cov no ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm lub hwj chim. Lub Rau Hli 4, 1993, Suret Huseynov's ntxeev siab pib hauv Ganja. Heydar Aliyev tau raug caw tuaj koom rau Baku kom tsis txhob muaj kev tsov rog ntawm kev tsov kev rog. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nws nyob hauv Nakhichevan. Heydar Aliyev tau txais lub hwj chim ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub koom pheej. Thaum lub sijhawm, ib pawg ntawm Talish cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Colonel Gummatov hais tias nom tswv nyob hauv Lankaran. Heydar Aliyev tsis paub nws, thiab thaum lub Yim Hli 23 qhov kev tawm tsam no tau raug kev tsim txom.

Cov kev tsis txaus siab

Thaum tig ntawm 1991-1992. Muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv hloov chaw. Nyob rau hauv kev, Artsvashen exclave mus nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Azerbaijan. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, muaj non-sovereign thaj tsam hauv nws, uas pib txhawj txog Armenia. Nyob rau hauv kev, xws li cov cheeb tsam ntawm Azerbaijan raws Upper Asukara, Bahurdaly thiab Karki hla nws.

Kev Pom Zoo Ceasefire

Nws tau kos npe los ntawm kev sib kho ntawm cov teb chaws CIS thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1994. Thaum tsov rog, Armenians tau raug rho tawm ntawm Azerbaijan los ntawm ob peb cheeb tsam. Yav tas los, qhov kawg nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no feem ntau. Feem ntau, NKR cov tub rog thiab Armenian rog uas txhawb nws rov qab tswj cov cheeb tsam sab nraud nyob sab nraum thaj tsam ntawm Nagorno-Karabakh tshaj tawm xyoo 1991, qhov uas cov neeg Azerbaijan yav tas los tau muaj. Cov kev ua hauv xyoo 1993 tau pom zoo los ntawm UN Security Council ua haujlwm. Tom qab ib ntus, cov NKR tub ceev xwm, uas tau tswj tuav tswj cov cheeb tsam no, nrog rau lawv cov thawj coj thiab cov neeg hauv cheeb tsam.

"Daim ntawv cog lus ntawm lub xyoo"

Nws tau xaus rau xyoo 1994, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 20, nyob rau hauv lub Gulustan palace. Daim ntawv cog lus no tau dhau los ua ib daim ntawv cog lus ntau tshaj plaws. Daim ntawv cog lus pom ib qho sib koom ntawm cov khoom muab tau los ntawm cov dej tob tob Chirag, Azeri thiab Gunashli. Daim ntawv cog lus no yog ib qho ntawm ntau tshaj thiab qhov ntim ntawm cov dej hiav txwv, thiab cov kev nqis peev uas tau npaj tseg. Daim ntawv cog lus tau 400 nplooj ntawv thiab raug tua nyob rau hauv 4 hom lus. Daim ntawv cog lus koom tes nrog 13 tuam txhab los ntawm 8 lub teb chaws. Ua ntej cov lus teb tau pom tias cov roj kwv yees tau pib tshaj 511 lab tons tom qab ntawd, tab sis tom qab, kev ntsuam xyuas qhov ntsuas tau tiav, thiab raws li cov lus qhia, 730 lab tons ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev nqis peev raug nce mus rau 11.5 billion dollars Raws li daim ntawv cog lus, 80% ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj net tau faib rau Azerbaijan, thiab 20% rau cov tub ua lag luam. Txij li thaum qhov kev pom zoo ntawm qhov kev pom zoo, muaj kev hloov loj hauv lub teb chaws cov nyiaj txiag ntawm lub teb chaws, tau ua hauj lwm loj heev. Hauv xyoo 1995, txoj kev tsim roj ua haujlwm thawj zaug, raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb, tau ua tiav qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Chigrak-1. Rau qhov drilling ntawm qhov dej nrog ntau dua inclination, lub Upper module yog modernized thiab rov kho dua. Drilling rig ntawm ib tug tshiab hom tso cai drilling horizontally mus rau txheej ntawm dej. Los ntawm cov kwj deg uas obliquely drilled, ib qho loj ntim ntawm cov roj pib ntws. Txij li thaum xyoo 1997, ntau lub teb chaws ntawm Chirag pib.

Niaj hnub no

Niaj hnub no Azerbaijan yog ib lub teb chaws tsim tsim nyob hauv txoj kev npaj nyiaj txiag. Nyob rau hauv 2003 Heydar Aliyev tuag. Nws tau hloov los ntawm nws tus tub Ilham. Nyob rau hauv 2010, 2 lub zos ntawm Magaramkent koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Dagestan nrog 600 Lezgins, pej xeem ntawm Russia Federation, tsiv mus rau Khachmaz cheeb tsam ntawm Azerbaijan. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus dej ntws tau faib. Samur. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2013, 3 qhov chaw ntawm cov chaw nyob hauv Dokuzparinskiy ntawm Dagestan tau mus rau Azerbaijan.

Attractions

Nyob rau hauv 70 km mus rau sab qab teb ntawm Baku qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub CIS lub teb chaws ntawm pob zeb carvings ntawm Kobystan pom. Tseem muaj ntau tshaj li 4 txhiab qhov chaw tshwj xeeb, fortres, tsua thiab cemeteries. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj hnub nyoog ntawm ntau tshaj 10 txhiab xyoo. Monuments tam sim no nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tshwm sim yog ib qho keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai cia. 30 km rau sab qaum teb ntawm Sab Qab Teb ntawm Baku nyob hauv lub zos Surakhani. Nyob rau hauv nws muaj ib lub tuam tsev complex "Ateshgyah". Kev tsim kho ntawm lub hnub qub nruab nrab rov qab los rau xyoo pua thib 2. BC. E. Tag nrho cov Absheron ceg av qab teb tam sim no fortress. Lawv ua tau los ntawm shirvan shahs. Castles nyob rau hauv Mardakan, lub ruins ruins ntawm Bail tsev fuabtais, Tuba-Shahi mosque, fortifications ntau nyob rau hauv Buzovna, Shuvelyan, Kishla, Sabunchi, Amirjanjani, Mashtagi, Kala, rau. Pirallahy, thiab lwm yam Nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab qaum teb ntawm Azerbaijan yog nyob rau hauv Shabran. Nws yog ib feem ntawm Derbent tiv thaiv system nyob rau hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog. Nyob rau tib qho kev taw qhia yog lub peev ntawm Cuban qub Khanate ntawm teb chaws Cuba.

Shemakha yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau nthuav thiab ancient lub zos ntawm Azerbaijan. Nws nyob ntawm 130 km mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub teb chaws lub peev. Lub nroog Sheki yog 380 km ntawm lub ciam teb nrog Georgia. Cov pov thawj archaeological qhia tau hais tias nws yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej puag nyob hauv Caucasus. Muaj ntau cov keeb kwm thiab cov kab lis kev cai uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntug dej ntawm Sheki. Lawv yog xws li, Kumbazi lub koob yees duab hauv Kutkashen, Sumug fortress, Gelsen-Geresen, Kish, lub nruab nrab-Zeyzit ntauwd thiab tuam tsev, lub Ilisu mosque, lub mausoleum hauv Babaratma, thiab lwm yam. Lub cheeb tsam nws tus kheej zoo nkauj heev. Nws yog qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov nqaim thiab nqus hav nrog lub qhov dej loj, cov dej ntws, cov dej ntshiab ntshiab, cov pob zeb hauv av. Tag nrho cov no zoo nkauj yog surrounded ntawm alpine meadows thiab ntom hav zoov. Lub nroog ntawm Lankaran yog yav tas los lub peev ntawm Talish Khanate. Nws yog nyob rau sab qab teb-sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws, ntawm ciam teb nrog Iran.

Sab qaum teb ntawm 100 km yog ib lub tebchaws zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm Hanége. Nws tseem muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm lub fortress, lub mosque, lub vial vault ntawm Pir Hussein thiab lwm yam kev. Nyob ze ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm dej. Chickens nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv yog lub qub nroog ntawm Neftechala. Nws tau cog lus tseg ntawm Goltuk, lub ruins ntawm fortifications, lub thaj neeb ntawm Piratavan, Khilly mosque. Rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm lub nroog archaeologists mus txuas ntxiv nrhiav tshiab keeb kwm monuments. Hauv particular, lub Orenkala nroog tau qhib, cov barrows ntawm Garatepe, Gyzyltepe, Goshatepe, Muhurtepe thiab lwm tus. Nrog tus ciam teb nrog Nagorno Karabakh txheej txheem fortified yees, tombs, castles, medieval monasteries.

Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Kaspian muaj ntau cov reserves, nuv ntses thiab chaw kas moos. Cov cheeb tsam ze ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej. Cov qaib raug suav hais tias yog cov tsoos tsom mus rau qhov chaw ua si. Raws li ciam teb nrog Iran dag lub ridges ntawm Talis Mountains. Cov cheeb tsam no yog qhov feem ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv lub subtropical thaj tsam yog tam sim no tov thiab deciduous hav zoov. Ntawm no yog nyob ntawm ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm Hyrcan flora. Qhov no cheeb tsam yog hu ua ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws resorts nyob rau hauv Azerbaijan. Lwm ntawm lub nroog tshaj plaws yog Kabala. Nws yog suav hais tias yog kev ntseeg thiab kev coj ntawm lub Caucasian Albania. Nyob rau hauv Arab qhov chaw nws yog hu ua Khazar. Mus txog rau tam sim no, lub mosque, lub mausoleums ntawm Mansur thiab Badreddin, lub castles ntawm Sary-Tepe thiab Aginne-Tepe tau muab khaws cia ntawm no. Lub nroog ntawm Nakhichevan kuj yog ancient. Sab qab teb ntawm lub nroog Ordubad. Nws tau raug paub txij thaum lub xyoo pua 12th. Ntawm no yog cov mosques ntawm Dilber thiab Juma, khan cov courtyards, madrassas, thiab ntau cov tsev loj heev uas tau koom hauv xeev keeb kwm architectural reserve.