Revolutionary Grigory Petrovsky: biography, achievements, khoom plig thiab muaj kev lom zem lus tseeb

Grigory Petrovsky yog ib tug txawj ntse saib xyuas, ib tug supporter ntawm socialist tswv yim. Nws tus cwj pwm yuav tsis yog yuav hu ua vam meej, nws yuav theej tragic. Nws muaj peev xwm kis tau qhov cov kev mus, cov tsev loj cuj, tsuj, tab sis yuav tsis tiv xyuas totalitarian regime.

Qhov kawg ntawm nws lub neej nws muaj peev xwm mus hnov hauv daim ntawv qhia Nikity Hruscheva, mus saib cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv tsoom fwv txoj cai.

Raws nraim cuaj caum xyoo nws lub npe yog ib feem ntawm ib tug "complex lub npe" ntawm lub nroog, uas tau ntev lawm ib tug cim ntawm lub Soviet era.

thaum ntxov xyoo

Born Grigory Petrovsky nyob 01.23.1878 xyoo. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub zos Pechenegi Kharkov xeev nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus washerwoman thiab ib tug txiag. Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg tau zus nrog peb cov me nyuam. Nws txiv tuag thaum ntxov, tawm hauv Gregory mus rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm peb. Thaum tus tub yog kaum plaub xyoo, cov tsev neeg tau tsiv mus rau kev cia siab ntawm ib tug zoo dua lub neej nyob rau hauv Ekaterinoslav (tam sim no Dnepr).

Lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau seminary me nyuam tub kawm ib tug me ntsis ntau tshaj li ob lub xyoos. Nws tau raug tshem tawm vim hais tias ntawm tsis muaj peev xwm them nqi kawm ntawv. Cov tsev neeg yeej tsis muaj tsib rubles rau ib tug nqi. Yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm muaj nqis ib tug nyuj. Thaum tau kaum ib xyoos laus, nws pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev nyob rau railway. Rau kaum tsib xyoos nws coj ib tug Bryansk Steel Works.

Revolutionary kev ua ub no kom txog rau thaum 1917

Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Ekaterinoslav, Peter tuaj koom lub "Union ntawm nriaj." Txij li thaum 1898 nws los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub RSDLP. Xya xyoo tom qab, nws tau raug tsa Secretary ntawm lub Board ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm lub Dnieper River.

Thaum lub sij hawm nws revolutionary kev ua ub no Grigory Petrovsky triple stints nyob rau hauv xaus:

• nyob rau hauv 1900;
• nyob rau hauv 1903;
• nyob rau hauv xyoo 1914 nws twb puas tau raug ntes thiab raug txim, deprived ntawm tag nrho cov cai thiab xa mus rau lub neej kev sib hais haum.

Rau ib tug thaum nws yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv exile.

Los ntawm 1912 mus 1914, Peter yog nyob rau hauv lub Duma. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, nws tuaj nrog peb caug-ob lo lus. Ntawm nws cov yeeb yam nws tsa lub npe ntawm cov creation ntawm Ukrainian tsev kawm ntawv, Ukrainian hom lus nyob rau hauv lub assumption ntawm administrative tsev, tseem mus nqa tawm cov kev ua ub Ukrainian keeb kwm kev cai thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv.

Link revolutionary thawj coj coj thawj nyob rau hauv lub Turukhansk cheeb tsam, thiab txij li thaum 1916 - nyob rau hauv Yakutia. Tom qab lub 1917 kiv puag ncig, nws twb tso tawm.

Kev ua ub no tom qab lub Ob Hlis Ntuj kiv puag ncig

Tso, Grigory Petrovsky ua Commissioner of Yakutia, thiab ib tug ob peb lub hlis tom qab twb raug xa mus rau lub tog nyob rau Donbass.

Txaus qhia nyob:

• ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub RSDLP (b) nyob rau hauv Ekaterinoslav;
• ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Pre-Parliament;
• Neeg lub Commissar ntawm Internal Affairs ntawm lub RSFSR;
• Ib tug ntawm cov founders VCHK;
• tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Brest thaj yeeb haum xeeb;
• kos npe rau hais txog ntawm cov liab tias tsam lawv;
• CEC thawj nyob rau hauv Ukrainian;
• sawv cev ntawm lub USSR kos npe rau Treaty tsim kom muaj thoob plaws hauv lub Union;
• Nws tuav lwm yam tseem ceeb txaus nyob rau hauv lub Comintern.

Peter yog ib tug ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv apparatus, uas teem nyob ib ncig ntawm Moscow. Nws tsis lees txais tau ntawm kev tsim ib zaug xwb Ukrainian Soviet lub xeev. Nyob rau xyoo 1922, nws txhawb Stalin lub project rau lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub RSFSR incorporating cov koom pheej rau autonomy. Nws ho tsis txhawb rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm Skrypnyk, Rakovsky, Shumsky, uas nrhiav los ua ib tug tsoom fwv teb chaws lub xeev nrog ib tug confederation kev tsis ncaj ncees.

Nyob rau hauv 1932, Petrovsky twb raug xa mus rau lub cheeb tsam Donetsk yuav lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov kev siv ntawm lub grain ceev. Uas yog vim li cas nws lub npe tshwm nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus nug ntawm kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub genocide ntawm lub Ukrainian neeg. Xav txog seb nws yog ib tug ntawm cov culprits nyob rau hauv kev tuag ntawm lab ntawm Ukrainians?

Petrovsky Grigory Ivanovich thiab kev tshaib plab

Yog them rau cov kev grain ntxawm nyob rau hauv 1932, Peter pom tiag tiag qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Ukraine. Nws sau tau ib tsab ntawv mus rau Molotov thiab Stalin, nyob rau hauv uas nws hais tias hais txog kev tshaib kev nqhis thiab nug rau cov kev pab mus rau lub Ukrainian lub zos. Nws tsis xav kom txoj kev tuag ntawm cov neeg, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li sau ib tsab ntawv tsis npaum li cas.

Niaj hnub nimno historians yuav ntseeg tau hais tias Grigory Petrovsky (Holodomor 1932-1933) tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub genocide ntawm Ukrainians. Nws, nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, thov kom muab ib qho kev txiav txim rho grain ceev nyob rau hauv Ukraine.

Dua li no tus cwj pwm, nws tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm nws ncej. Grigory Petrovsky (Holodomor yog qhov phem tshaj lub sij hawm rau nws, raws li rau tag nrho cov Ukrainian neeg) dim lub tsuj ntawm lub thirties ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. On qhov tsis tooj, nws raug tsa ua ntau yam posts nyob rau hauv lub Supreme Council ntawm lub USSR. Qhov no lasted kom txog thaum 1938.

Xyoo nyob rau hauv saib xyuas exile

Grigory Petrovsky, uas nws biography yog txuam nrog rau cov creation ntawm lub Soviet Union, twb tso los ntawm tag nrho cov posts vim hais tias ntawm connivance nrog hwm rau "cov yeeb ncuab ntawm cov neeg." Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm nws tseem tawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Stalin tau ntev xav kom tshem tau cov Petrovsky, uas yog rau nws heev spineless, tab sis tsis tau twv vim yog cov cai ntawm lub sab hnub tuaj Ukrainian SSR thawj coj. Nws tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev coj noj coj txoj haujlwm xwb nyob rau hauv 1938 nyob rau hauv lub pretext ntawm kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv Moscow. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub capital, nws yog tsis tau tsis pub dhau ob lub xyoos vim ntawm daim card kev txiav txim ntawm Stalin. Nws tsev neeg tau yuam kom fend rau "cov mov thiab cov dej".

Nws pab nws comrade deputy ua hauj lwm Fyodor Samoilov. Nyob rau hauv 1940 nws npaj lub Petrovsky nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub kiv puag ncig. Ib tug qub associate ntawm Stalin pib ua hauj lwm raws li pab neeg saib xyuas. Nws muaj kev tswj kom tau txoj hauj lwm, vim hais tias nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav raws nws mus rau lub Central Committee.

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Grigory Petrovsky Stalin biography yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub liab ntshai, nws rov qab mus rau pej xeem lub neej. Nws tau nrog nws puas yuav audiences, ua tub xovxwm. Nws tau los ua tus qhua ntawm Honor ntawm tus naas ej Twentieth tog Congress, uas tus debunked "Stalin tus neeg cult."

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub kiv puag ncig mus txog rau thaum nws tuag, uas coj qhov chaw 09.01.1958 xyoo. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Moscow, qhov twg nws seem faus nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin phab ntsa. Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau lub politician cov me nyuam, uas nyob rau hauv 1938 yog saib xyuas exile?

Tsev neeg, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv

Nws thawj thawj tus poj niam, Dominikoy Fedorovnoy Petrovskiy Grigoriy Ivanovich tau ntsib, thaum tseem ua hauj lwm tom lub Hoobkas nyob rau hauv Ekaterinoslav. Nws pab nws los ntawm luam leaflets rau Tej zaum hnub. Lawv txhais hais tias cov neeg muaj mus ua hauj lwm yim teev thiab pw tsaug zog yim teev mus so yim teev. Lawv nyob mus txog rau txoj kev tuag ntawm nws tus poj niam, uas tau tas sim thaum pib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II.

Cov me nyuam Petrovsky:

• Leonid - yog ib tug Soviet tub rog commander txog rau thaum nws tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv rau lub tswv yim ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv 1941.
• Peter - yog ib tug statesman, ib tug ntawm cov neeg uas nyob rau saum lub caij ntuj no Palace nyob rau hauv 1938, nws tau raug ntes thiab tua nyob rau hauv 1941 los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub NKVD.
• Antonina - twb sib yuav rau tus tub ntawm tus naas ej Ukrainian txawj sau ntawv Yuri Kotsyubinskoe, ces rau cov neeg sab nrauv neeg ua hauj lwm Solomonom Zagerom. Tus txiv neej twb repressed nyob rau hauv 1937, tib lub xyoo nws tus tub Kotsyubyns'kogo tua.

Peter pheej sau ntawv mus rau senior kev tswj nrog ib tug saib kom txuag lawv cov me nyuam thiab lawv tsev neeg. Tab sis nws pleas poob rau lag ntseg pob ntseg. Tub rehabilitated tsuas yog tom qab Stalin tuag. By lub sij hawm no lawv tau ntev so nyob rau hauv lub hauv av thiab tsis xav tau kev ncaj ncees.

nroog Dnepropetrovsk

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, Grigoriy Ivanovich Petrovsky, uas nws biography yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub USSR, tau txais rau Orders:

• Lenin (ob zaug);
• Liab Banner ;
• Liab Banner of Labor (peb lub sij hawm).

Nws lub neej yog zoo txuas nrog lub nroog ntawm Ekaterinoslav, qhov uas nws nyob nrog ib tug hluas uas muaj hnub nyoog. Nws nom tswv hauj lwm pib no. Txij li thaum tuaj rau lub hwj chim, Peter tuaj rau nws txhua txhua xyoo. Thaum nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv 1938, nws muaj peev xwm mus xyuas lub nroog nyob rau hauv Dnieper xwb nyob rau hauv xyoo 1957.

Nws raug caw mus rau lub seventieth hnub tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag, uas ris lub npe ntawm Petrovsky. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, "Tag nrho cov-Ukrainian headman" yog xya caum-cuaj xyoos. Nws hais ib tug hais lus rau ntawm lub Palace ntawm Ilyich, mus xyuas cov nroj tsuag thiab tham nrog cov neeg ua hauj lwm.

Txij li thaum 1926, lub nroog ntawm nws cov hluas hu ua Dnipropetrovsk. Nws tus kheej ib tug statesman yog tsis zoo siab txog qhov no yawm. Ib tug interesting tseeb yog tias feem ntau ntawm cov niaj hnub nroog dwellers ntseeg hais tias lub npe yog txuam tsis nrog lub Peter thiab nrog Peter lub Great.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub nroog nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm txoj cai muaj tau npe hu ua, thiab lwm yam zos, raws li zoo raws li txoj kev, factories, railway noj, chaw ua si.

tus cwj pwm ntawm contemporaries

Grigory Petrovsky (revolutionary) yog qhov kawg tus neeg sawv cev objectionable. Nws monument nyob rau hauv Dnipropetrovsk (Dnipro), nws tau muab ib pab pawg neeg ntawm activists 29.01.2016 xyoo. Lub nroog nws tus kheej twb renamed 05/19/2016 ntawm Dnipro. Sau rename nws tus kheej tsis tau tsis tau, vim hais tias nws lub npe yog enshrined los ntawm cov kevcai tswj kev Ukraine.

Qhov no yog qhov biography ntawm ib tug neeg uas tsis yog siab tau kom haum mus rau hauv tsoom fwv, nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm uas nws tau ncaj qha kev koom tes. Txoj cai dim lub "purge" ntawm lub thirties, tab sis qhov no nws yuav tsum tau them ib tug hnyav nqi - ciaj sia rau cov neeg tuag ntawm nws tus poj niam thiab cov tub, rau lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm cov nom tswv Olympus, ntau xyoo nyob rau hauv lub semi-oblivion.