Rinaldi Antonio - Koj Italian nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua Russia

Rinaldi Antonio - Italian kes duab vajtse uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XVIII caug xyoo. Nws authorship belongs rau lub muaj ntau lub tsev nyob rau hauv Gatchina, Oranienbaum, Tsarskoye selo thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv lub Petersburg. Nrog nws lub npe yog txuam nrog rau cov kev hloov los ntawm baroque rau classicism nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab architecture.

Rinaldi Antonio: ib tug luv luv biography

Hais txog ib tug hluas kws kes duab vajtse yog paub heev me ntsis. Doubtful txawm ib xyoos yug thiab chaw yug. Feem ntau cov yuav, nws yog Naples. Nws yog xam hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm ltalis, thiab siv nws thaum yau Rinaldi Antonio. Nws biography yog tag nrho ntawm cov dawb me ntsis, tab sis tej zaum nws tau koom mus rau ib tug noble tsev neeg. Cov kev xav yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub assumption uas yav tom ntej kes duab vajtse kawm nrog masters L. Vanvitelli (uas, incidentally, yog tsis ntau loj tshaj qhov nws), thiab nws coj mus nws rhiav cov tub hluas los ntawm Naples zej zog nrog zoo haiv. Saib yog ib tug ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws Italian architects ntawm lub caij Baroque era. Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm tus kws qhia cov tub ntxhais tswv ua nws thawj ua hauj lwm.

Rinaldi tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv 1951. Ua ntej ntawd, nws cov kwv tij mus hais thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab cov German architecture tau muaj ib tug loj feem nyob rau yav tom ntej ntawm kev tsim kho. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nyob rau ntawm lub lub sij hawm ntawm classicism nws tau yuav luag hloov lub Baroque. Chaw enjoyed los ntawm xws li architects li Sokolov, Rastrelli, Cameron. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus, Rinaldi yuav tsum tau siv 7 xyoo nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm Count Razumovsky Hetman ntawm Ruthenia. Nws twb npaj hais tias nws yuav siv sij hawm rau lub neej yav tom ntej txoj kev txhim kho ntawm tus thawj tswj chaw ntawm lub cheeb tsam - lub nroog ntawm Baturin. Lub grandiose project twb tsis tau ua kom tiav. Rau Hetman kes duab vajtse ua tsuas yog ib palace, thiab ces nyob rau hauv 1954 mus rau St. Petersburg.

Nyob rau hauv lub capital kws kes duab vajtse fruitfully ua hauj lwm rau qhov kev txiav txim uas huab tais Peter III. Nws seb puas tsimnyog tau ib tug complex ntawm vaj tse nyob rau hauv Oranienbaum, ua Marble Palace nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Tsarskoye selo. Rinaldi tau feem ntau rau peb zag peb tes num ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral, uas tom qab rebuilt los ntawm Montferrand. Ib yam ntawm cov xeem tej hauj lwm ntawm lub vajtse - Lub Koom Txoos Catholic ntawm St. Catherine, qhov uas nws tau ntev lawm lub tus ceev xwm ntawm lub parish.

Cov kws kes duab vajtse yog tag nrho ntawm muaj tswv yim npaj, tab sis ib tug tragic kev huam yuaj tiv thaiv lawv los muaj tseeb. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nws dawm thiab poob rau hauv lub hav zoov. Ua hauj lwm nws ua tsis tau. Master qhia tau lub neej nyiaj laus, thiab thaum nws mus tsev, tsis tu ncua dhau nws los ntawm ib tug nplij siab. Lub xeem xyoo ntawm lub neej ntawm cov kws kes duab vajtse systematized thiab muab tso rau tej yam uas nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lawv designs thiab kos duab. Rinaldi Antonio tuag nyob rau hauv lub nroog Loos nyob rau hauv 1974.

Italian lub sij hawm

Ua ntej nws mus rau Russia nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm kes duab lub vajtse siv txog 40 xyoo. Qhov no lub sij hawm twb cim los ntawm qhov ncaj tus ntawm tus xib fwb, Luigi Vanvitelli. kev kawm feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv xyaum. Rinaldi tau ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab pab kws kes duab vajtse. Nws tau koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub tsev fuabtais ntawm Caserta, ib tug ntawm cov teb chaws Europe tus loj tshaj plaws vaj tse ntawm palatial. Nws twb npaj rau tus huab tais nws tus kheej. Lub tsev fuabtais yog ib tug ntawm cov finest piv txwv ntawm lig Italian Baroque. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog twb pom meej meej, ib co nta ntawm classicism.

Siv cov kev faib ntawm lub monastery ntawm St. Augustine nyob rau hauv lub nroog Loos, dhau lawm, twb muaj nyob rau nrog kev koom tes ntawm Antonio Rinaldi. Cov kws kes duab vajtse yog tseem ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug pab neeg. Tab sis lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv lub monastery ntawm Saint Mary Magdalene nyob rau hauv Pesaro nws tsim nws tus kheej. Rinaldi qhia nws tus kheej raws li ib tug paub tab cov tswv twb tsim. Nws yog ces hais tias nws kos mloog thiab tau raug caw los Russia.

Gatchina

Ukraine Rinaldi Antonio yog vim tus tij laug nyiam ntawm Elizabeth, Kirill Razumovsky. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, nws yog hetman ntawm me Russia, thiab ib tug heev influential txiv neej. Nrog ib tug kws kes duab vajtse ntawv cog lus thiab kom yuav npaj mus rau lub tsim ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub hetman nyob rau hauv Baturyn. Lub hom phiaj yog mus ua rau hauv lub nroog lub peev ntawm lub teb chaws, tsim ib co ntau gingerbread tsev thiab siv redevelop txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog cov qauv ntawm qhov chaw nyob Rinaldi yog tsim tau ib tug palace rau Razumovsky. Kirill G. yog ib tug zoo neeg saib xyuas, tab sis ho tsis txhob xiab nyiaj thiab extortion. Nyob rau hauv 1754 nws tau hu rau Moscow mus qhia rau lawv cov chaw uas zoo heev, tom qab uas cov nyiaj thiab powers ntawm lub Hetman tau loj tas. Kev npaj rau lub reconstruction thiab Baturina muab los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse kev pab kam them nyiaj. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws raug xa mus rau St. Petersburg.

Oranienbaum

Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, Rinaldi coj cov kev pab cuam ntawm lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Peter III. Thaum nws reign lawm, Catherine II ua ib tug tswv tsev hais plaub kws kes duab vajtse, thiab nyob rau hauv no txoj hauj lwm nws tuav kom txog rau thaum 1784. Tus thawj imperial thiaj yog kev tsim kho ntawm txoj lug nyob rau hauv Oranienbaum. Ntawm no Rinaldi tsa Peter III Palace, Pavilion zawv zawg Hill, Opera tsev, thiab tom qab ntawd - Suav palace. Petrovsky Palace twb tsis npaj rau tsev nyob, es nws yog ib tug pavilion so. Tej yam me me ob-storey tsev yog heev txawv txawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm spatial kev daws teeb meem. Nws yog ua tau raws li ib tug square, ib ces kaum uas yog npawv tus arc. Vim li no cov txheej txheem ib tug me me lub tsev mas zoo nkauj impressive. Suav palace twb npaj rau qhov chaw nyob ntawm Catherine II nyob rau hauv 1762-1768 xyoo. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no kuv yog nyob rau hauv Vogue style chinoiserie exploiting Suav ntsiab, thiab ob peb interiors tau dai kom zoo nkauj raws li lub zam tiam sis. Tomqab kawm tas cov ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Oranienbaum, kes duab lub vajtse lub luag hauj lwm rau kev tswj cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv Tsarskoye selo.

Tsarskoye selo

Ua hauj lwm rau Tsarskoselskaya vaj tse yog cov feem ntau mob siab heev lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm Rinaldi Antonio. Kws kes duab vajtse ua ntau ntau pavilions, obelisks thiab monuments. Nws tsim thiab saib xyuas qhov kev siv ntawm Cesme, Morea, Crimea txhua, Cahul obelisk monument Lansky. Tag nrho cov memorial Siv qhuas lub hwj chim ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab rog thiab cov tub rog. Suav Pavilion thiab Suav ua yeeb yam tseem lub ntsiab ntawm chinoiserie. Rinaldi European style muab Lavxias teb sab suab. Suav motifs yuav tsum havzoov ob nyob rau hauv lub sab hauv thiab sab nraum - piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov tais cov ces kaum ntawm lub-ru tsev lub Suav ua yeeb yam. Tu siab, lub tuam tsev no twb puas lawm thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog thiab pom nws muaj peev xwm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov duab.

Petersburg siv

Marble Palace, tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm mature classicism, hu ua rau sab saum toj tswv yim Rinaldi Antonio. Qhov no lub npe tau muab vim hais tias ntawm cov phab ntsa, hlua nrog ntuj pob zeb. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nws yog tus tsuas yog lub tsev nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg nrog lub décor. Liab marble siv nyob rau hauv sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj thiab sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj. Palace U-zoo li tus layout tau los ua ib tug tiag tiag gem ntawm lub Neva embankment. Tam sim no muaj ib tug ceg ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsev cia puav pheej.

Lwm vaj tse ntawm St. Petersburg masters xws li tub huabtais Vladimir Cathedral, tswb pej thuam ntawm tus Ascension lub Tuam Tsev, lub Koom Txoos Catholic ntawm St. Catherine nyob rau Nevsky Prospekt thiab Tuchkov Buyan - ib tug complex ntawm warehouses.

Cov kws kes duab vajtse coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub thib peb St. Ixaj tus Cathedral. Peb tes num Rinaldi tsev yuav txiv tsib ncaws thiab slender siab tswb ntauwd. By lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm Catherine II nws tau ua tiav mus txog rau lub eaves, tab sis mus kaw lawm tus tswv yuav tsis vim hais tias ntawm ib tug raug mob. Rinaldi mus rau Rome, thiab tau nrawm nroos ua cib dome thiab tswb ntauwd, squat nyob rau marble hauv paus ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Siv cov kev faib tau tshwm sim los ib tug zoo kawg resonance nyob hauv zej zog, epigrams thiab heev nchuav rau hauv los ntawm tag nrho cov sab. Tom qab ntawd lub tsev teev ntuj twb rebuilt nyob rau hauv lub kawg version.

Rinaldi Antonio pib nws lub neej nyob rau hauv ltalis thiab twb nws muaj. Tab sis lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv Russia yog "lub plawv" ntawm nws biography, nws muab nws tag nrho nws tej txuj ci thiab muaj tswv yim lub hwj chim. Nyob rau hauv lub architectural tsos ntawm St. Petersburg thiab nws cov chaw Rinaldi ua ib tug loj loj pab.