Router MikroTik, VLAN chaw qhia ntawv

Routers los ntawm MikroTik yog tsis nyob rau hauv kev thov ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab tau txais kev pab rau yog vim li cas hais tias cov neeg muaj tej teeb meem nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kawm mus "Mikrotik". Tu siab, qhov no Latvian invention yog ib qhov nyuaj rau ua tej yam kev hloov ntawm nws tsis. Txawm muab qhov tseeb hais tias tus ntaus ntawv tau ntev tau muag rau ib ncig ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation, nws occupies ib tug me me ya nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, txawm tias nws zoo zoo obviously siav ntau. Router qhia tau hais tias ib tug ruaj khov thiab harmonious ua hauj lwm uas attracts feem ntau ntawm cov tswv. Ntxiv mus, nws tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb operating system yog yuav tsum tau rau ib tug zoo meej sis ntawm tag nrho cov kev xaiv muas router. Judging los ntawm cov kev txheeb xyuas, ntau buyers ib lub xyoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov router tsis txawm muaj los cias pib dua lub ntaus ntawv rau teeb meem-dawb lub lag luam. Los ntawm cov tsab xov xwm no, koj yuav kawm tau li cas los mus hloov lub ciaj ciam ntawm MikroTik. VLAN configuration yog nqa tawm tsis yog raws li ib qho yooj yim raws li nws tej zaum yuav zoo li, tab sis tsis yooj yim heev.

Yog vim li cas routers yog thiaj li nrov?

Tu siab, cov kev tswj vaj huam sib luag ntawm no ntaus ntawv yog heev nyuab, yog li ntawd ntau "unadvanced" neeg siv teeb lub router yuav nthuav xeem. Uas yog vim li cas muaj ntau yam xav lub routers, uas yog yooj yim npaum li nyob rau hauv no hais txog. Ob peb cov neeg zoo li lossi thaum ib tug malfunction ua rau lub wizard nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Qhov no tsis tsuas yuav siv sij hawm lub sij hawm, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau ib co peev. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb xav txog lub nuances ntawm lub router nqis. Nws yuav cia ib tug me ntsis kev rau siab, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm mus teev tus ntaus ntawv.

Pib

Koj yuav tsum txuas rau MikroTik router mus rau lub network, tig nws rau, thiab khiav rau ib tug computer console hu ua winbox. Nws yog tsim nyog los mus rau lub "Neighbours" seem thiab nrhiav tau cov ntaus ntawv uas tus tswv npaj mus ua hauj lwm. Kev twb kev txuas yuav siv sij hawm ib tug tej lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Yog hais tias lub router yog tsis dhau lawm ntev, nws yog permissible siv lub "tshiab".

Tom ntej no, tus tswv tsev yuav pom MAC chaw nyob ntawm lub router, koj yuav tsum luam nws mus rau hauv lub teb "Txuas mus rau ...". Muaj koj yuav soj ntsuam cov teb username thiab password. Cov yav tas yuav tsum tau sab laug tas, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xub thawj nws yog tsim nyog los sau npe tus admin. Tom ntej no, nias qhov "Txuas". Tus tswv tsev yuav pom ib tug ntaub ntawv qhov rais nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov txheej txheem nqis yog piav MikroTik. VLAN configuration yog nqa tawm tom qab. Sai yuav raug tshem tawm, yog hais tias qhov kev kawm, ntau cov tub txawg yuav tsum tau mus ua li ntawd. Qhov kev txiav txim yog vim lub fact tias, raws li ib tug txoj cai, lub neej ntawd chaw tsis haum cov kev cai ntawm tus kws kho mob.

Yog hais tias koj tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau lub chaw ntawm cov ports, peb yuav pom tau tias ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm ncaj nraim nrog cov router, kaw nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm "wan adapter".

Nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawd chaw yog yeej kis tau nqis los ntawm lub ISP. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas hom DHCP. Yog hais tias tus kws kho mob siv ib tug txawv zoo, koj yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho cov tsis yuav tsum tau mus.

Nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai kuj mus rau lub chaw nyob qhov chaw, uas tau yuav siv sij hawm li nram qab no daim ntawv: 192.168.88.0/24. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom hloov no kem, raws li yuav qhia rau tus kws kho mob. Yuav ua li cas yog vim li cas? Yog hais tias tus tswv tsev txiav txim los hloov lub router, nws yuav tau rov nqa tawm tag nrho cov chaw kom sai li sai raws li lub network yuav muaj teeb meem.

pib dua chaw

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav khob nram tag nrho cov chaw, koj yuav tsum nias rau ntawm qhov kev xaiv "Rho tawm configuration". Tom qab ntawd MikroTik router reboots. Ib ob peb feeb tom qab ntawd nws yog tsim nyog los txuas dua.

Yog hais tias, txawm li cas los, muaj ib tsis muaj peev xwm los yog muaj siab rau rho tawm hauv cov chaw nyob rau hauv ua ntej, ces yob rov qab mus rau lub Hoobkas tej zaum yuav ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej. Yuav kom ua tau li no, lub davhlau ya nyob twg yuav tsum xaiv "System" thiab ces "Pib dua". Tus tswv tsev yuav tsum saib qhov tshwj xeeb ntawv qhia zaub mov, uas yuav tsum tau nug kom paub meej tias. Tom qab tus ntaus ntawv restarts.

firmware hloov tshiab

Tom qab khob qhov rooj cia rau Hoobkas chaw yog tsim nyog los mus hloov cov firmware. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum mus rau cov nom lub website thiab download tau ib kev ua ntaub ntawv thov. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias nws yog ib tug router MikroTik RB260GS (VLAN configuration yog ua li cas yooj yim haum) nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai mus mipsbe platform, koj yuav tsum download tau lub "yooj yim pob" nyob rau lub computer. Nrog kev pab los ntawm winbox console yuav tsum txuas mus rau lub router, qhib ob lub qhov rais (firmware thiab software), luag tus ua ntaub ntawv thov nrog tus tshiab firmware nyob rau hauv txoj cai qhov rais. Tom ntej no, txaus mus tos tus download thiab reboot lub router. Yuav tau tos tsis muaj ntau tshaj 5 feeb. Tom qab qhov yuav tsum tau mus hloov lub loader. Qhov no yog ua nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov "System", ces - "Router". Tswv yuav tsum tau xyuas cov seem "Firmware" thiab "Software hloov tshiab". Yog hais tias lawv txawv, ces koj yuav tsum nias rau ntawm "hloov tshiab".

Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm, koj muaj peev xwm mus saib lub software version nyob rau hauv lub "pob khoom" seem. Tom qab koj teem lub Internet, cov kev hloov tshiab yog tso cai rau koj nqa tawm ncaj qha los ntawm cov tswj vaj huam sib luag tsis muaj ntxiv downloads rau MikroTik. VLAN configuration yog tiag tiag ib tug heev yooj yim txoj kev yog tias koj muaj rau ntawm txhais tes ncauj lus kom ntxaws cov lus qhia.

Tsim ib tug mus

Routers muab chaw tsim tshuaj paus muaj ib tug me me feature. Lawv tsis muaj preset chaw ports. Pa routers thiab ntau paub, feem ntau muaj ib tug kos npe rau ntawm lub rov qab sab ntawm lub ports. Muaj yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv VLAN, WAN, thiab hais txog. D. Yog li, muaj ib tug qhov chaw nres nkoj mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov Internet, tus so merged mus rau hauv tus tes hloov qhov rau swm ua hauj lwm nrog tus ntaus ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv routers, xa mus rau nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, tag nrho cov ports muaj sib npaug. Tej connector tej zaum yuav WAN hom. Koj yuav tsum xaiv ib tug rau lub Internet, tag nrho cov so koom nyob rau hauv nrog cov kev pab los ntawm ib tug network choj. Ntxiv mus, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau MikroTik WiFi interface.

Tom ntej no tus tswv tsev tau xaiv ib tug tswv chaw nres nkoj, nws yuav ua tau ib yam ntawm cov muaj kev xaiv. Ua li no, mus rau lub console, uas yog ib tug tswj vaj huam sib luag. Koj yuav tsum mus xyuas lub "Interface" seem, uas ether2 xaiv. Ces - ob lub sij hawm koj yuav tsum nias rau ntawm cov zaub mov mus rau qhov chaw. Muaj yuav tsum tau mus nrhiav ib tug "master chaw nres nkoj". Muaj, tus tswv tsev yuav pom ib tug nco-down daim ntawv teev nyob rau hauv uas tus tswv yuav tsum tau xaiv ether1. Chaw yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau tag nrho cov ports tsuas yog ib tug xaiv rau lub WAN. On qhov tsis tooj nws yuav tsab ntawv S.

Combining ports siv choj

Yog li, lub 4 ports tau ua ke mus rau hauv ib tug mus. Nws tseem raug nyob tsuas mus cuag lawv siv tus choj rau MikroTik nrog WiFi interface. Ua li no, mus rau "choj" ntawv qhia zaub mov, nias plus kos npe rau thiab txuag. Tag nrho cov chaw yuav tsum nyob twj ywm hauv tus txheej txheem.

Tus tswv pom hais tias muaj "bridzh1". Tom ntej no koj yuav tau mus rau lub tab "Ports" thiab dua tau nyem rau ntawm cov ntxiv cim. Ces raws li nram no nyob rau hauv lub "Interface" xaiv ether1 thiab txuag qhov chaw.

Tom ntej no, tus tswv ntawm lub router reboots, nws yog tus qauv txheej txheem. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau tos rau ib tug tag nrho cov load thiab kev sib txuas. Nws yog tsim nyog los mus rau tib muab faib, dua tau nyem rau ntawm cov ntxiv cim rau ntxiv rau lub "Interface» wlan1.

Teem tau ib lub zoo li qub chaw nyob

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua teem tuaj rau cov khoom thiab nws zoo li qub tus IP, koj yuav tsum tau txuas mus rau lub router los ntawm MAC chaw nyob. Vim rau qhov no, tus neeg siv yuav muab tej parameter uas yuav muab kev nkag tau mus rau hauv Internet. koj yuav tau mus rau lub chaw ntawm cov IP seem, ces nyob rau hauv lub "Chaw nyob". Muaj koj yuav tsum nias rau ntawm lub plus kos npe rau los tsim ib daim phiaj MikroTik. Teem lub VLAN, raws li twb to taub, nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub "Chaw nyob" koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej tej subnet, nws tseem tau mus kawm los ntawm koj tus kws khomob. nws feem ntau yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv daim ntawv «192.168.9.1/24». Nyob rau hauv lub "Interface" xaiv bridge1. Lub "Network" teb yog los tsis ua cas, raws li nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim cia.

xaus

Yuav kom zoo zoo nqa tawm qhov chaw kawm "MikroTik" thiab muaj ib tug ruaj khov hauv internet kev twb kev txuas, koj yuav tsum hu rau koj tus muab kev pab cuam. Ib tug neeg yuav tsis yooj yim mus ua ib tug mess ntawm ib yam dab tsi, raws li tag nrho tsis yog pre-txiav txim, thiab tus tswv xwb yuav tsum sau lawv manually. teeb meem yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv no taw tes nqis, tab sis koj yeej ib txwm hu cov chaw muab kev pab ntxiv, los yog qhib lub ntaus ntawv. Qhov loj tshaj plaws - nco ntsoov tias lub feem ntau nyuaj theem twb dhau lawm.