T 95 - Tank ncuab: keeb kwm, duab, kev sib ntaus los siv

Self-Propelled artillery unit (SAU) yog xav tau ib tug sib ntaus sib tua siv lub tshuab, uas muaj ib tug artillery phom, mounted rau cov chassis samoperedvigayuschiesya. Qhov no hom ntawm tej cuab yeej ua txawv los ntawm lwm yam tank nqe ntaus rog missions, li ntawd nws muaj tus yam ntxwv nta.

Kev siv ntawm nws tus kheej-propelled phom

Lawv muaj ib tug haib self-propelled ntev-ntau riam phom uas muaj peev xwm ntawm ntaus tus yeeb ncuab ntawm ib tug deb, yog li ntawd nws yuav ua rau tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau txoj kev nyob ze rau tus yeeb ncuab. Nyob rau ACS tsis yog ib tug muaj zog tiv thaiv, txij li thaum qhov hluav taws kub yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab lub tsheb ntsiab rog. Roughly hais lus, SAU - ib tug haib ntev-ntau artillery, muaj peev xwm ntawm sai sai tom qab txhaj tshuaj hloov lawv txoj hauj lwm rau lawv tus kheej. Txawm li cas los, nrog cov phaum ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog , tej cuab yeej no twb tau muab siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hnyav howitzers, tab sis raws li phem riam phom, txhawb lawv cov hluav taws zuj troops thiab tank ncuab, muaj peev xwm mus plob hav zoov thiab ua kom puas armored tsheb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab nyob ze thiab ntev ntau.

Kev vam meej thiab ua tsis tau tejyam tej yaam num SAU

Ib qho ntawm feem zoo-paub nws tus kheej-propelled units thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1939-1945 yog cov Soviet SU-76, SU-100 ACS-152 "Deerslayer" thiab cov German "Stug" thiab "jagdpanther". Cov no yog cov piv txwv ntawm kev vam meej txoj kev loj hlob ntawm no hom ntawm technology, uas tsis tsuas zoo tua cov sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis kuj muab ib tug impetus mus rau lub neej yav tom ntej tiam ntawm technologically advanced self-propelled artillery khoom. Tab sis muaj tau hai tau npaj siab los ua ib tug heavy-duty self-propelled phom, xws li cov American T-95 (PT-ACS) los yog German super-hnyav tank "Maus", uas twb nyob rau hauv tag nrho tsis ua hauj lwm, raws li cov designers thiab developers tsis nco qab hais tias "qhov zoo tshaj plaws - tus yeeb ncuab ntawm zoo."

ACS American ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog II

T-28 "Turtle", uas muaj lub npe ntawm T-95 - Tank ncuab - American self-propelled artillery tsev kuaj daim, tsim thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog thiab yog ib tug tank destroyer. Ib txhia historians kaj cov qauv no mus rau lub super-hnyav tank. Qhov no tsis siv neeg tswj system yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1943, tab sis los ntawm tus kawg ntawm tsov rog nws serial ntau lawm yog tsis saib tsis xyuas. Qhov tshaj plaws xwb uas muaj kev tswj kom designers vim hais tias nws yog manufactured nyob rau hauv 1945-1946, ob prototypes. Raws li cov pawg tank T-95 (PT-ACS) yog zaum ob tsuas yog mus rau lub German "Nas".

Keeb kwm ntawm ntau lawm "Vaub"

Nyob rau hauv lig 1943, qhov kev pab cuam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hnyav armored tsheb twb launched nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Thaum ntawd Americans tau raug thawb lub ntiaj teb no txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov tub rog teeb meem no rau lub Western Pem hauv ntej, uas pom tias lub Allied troops tej zaum yuav tau hnyav sib ntaus sib tua siv lub tshuab, tau ua txhaum los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab sophisticated defenses.

Lub hauv paus rau lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm lub T-95 Tank ncuab developers muaj npaum li cas rau lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug nruab nrab tank T-23 thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob kis tau tus mob ntawm hnyav T1E1. Nyob rau qhov no vim teem steel los xij 200 mm nyob rau hauv thickness thiab ib tug tshiab 105 hli cannon. Qhov no rab phom yuav txeem thiab puas yuav luag txhua qhob siv.

Npaj rau lub xyoo los tso 25 ntawm cov cav tov, txawm li cas los, cov tub rog kom tsis kam xws npaj thiab pom zoo kom ua tsuas yog peb PT-ACS nrog ib phau ntawv kis tau tus mob. Thaum zoo ib yam tag nrho cov bureaucratic nuances rau Lub peb hlis ntuj 1945 twb kom tsib tub rog tsheb, uas nws tiv thaiv yog nce mus txog 305 hli ntawm armor, yog li ntawd tus luj ntawm lub T-95 Tank ncuab (duab tsab yog nyob rau hauv qab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) ntau zog rau 95 tons.

Chiv, nws twb npaj mus ua ib tug tank tsis muaj ib tug pej thuam uas tseem mus rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov neeg coob ntawm plaub tus neeg. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1945, T-28 twb renamed lub self-propelled T-95.

T-95 (PT-ACS): keeb kwm ntawm daim ntawv thov

Los ntawm kawg ntawm tsov rog nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab lub Pacific pem hauv ntej, ob cov tub rog tsheb raug manufactured. Lawv muaj ob khub ntawm kev, hais tias lawv dav yog ho muaj zog, thiab lub cav fais fab ntawm 500 horsepower. Qhov no, txawm li cas los, muaj heev me ntsis rau koj tsiv ntxiv hnyav installation. Qhov no cav tseem muab tso rau hauv lub tank "Pershing", tab sis nws yog ob zaug raws li yooj yim rau "tus vaub kib". Incidentally, hu li ntawd T-95 muab. PT-ACS - qauv, lub siab tshaj plaws ceev uas yog tsuas 12-13 km / h.

Yog li, qhov no armored self-propelled phom twb yuav luag "sawv", uas tsis haum cov tub rog coj noj coj ua raws li ACS yuav tsum tau muab coj mus rau cov yam taw tes xwb rail txoj kev. Tab sis tsis txhua yam muab tawm zoo. Vim hais tias qhov thib ob khub ntawm nws tus kheej-propelled kab lia dav yog ntau dua qhov railway platform. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav sov ua licas haum raws li tus T-95, yuav tsum tau thim ntxiv lem, dab tsi los yog siv tsawg kawg yog plaub teev.

Nta ntawm technology

Qhov no tank destroyer xeeb los ntawm developers raws li ib tug haib self-propelled artillery fort, uas yuav "hack" tej fortification ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, tsis muaj kev ntshai ntawm kev ua pauj.

Nws yeej yog ib tug dab sib ntaus sib tua. Nyhav 95 tons partitioned ua plaub crawler kev, lub dav ntawm txhua - 33 cm. Cannon caliber ntawm 105 hli yuav txeem zoo yam fortification thiab armor ntawm ib tug deb mus txog 19 kis lus mev. Tab sis lub biggest feature ntawm cov txheej txheem no nws muaj nws tej cuab yeej - nyob rau hauv lub frontal ib feem ntawm lub tank nws yog 13 cm nyob rau hauv sab - 6.5 cm, thiab lub vaj tse muaj ib tug hauv qab armor 10-15 cm.

Txawm li cas los, qhov uas tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm thiab slowness precluded ib tug T-95 (PT-ACS) kev sib ntaus los siv.

Tub rog kev txiav txim ntawm ntau yam cov tub rog tau pom tau tias cov cuab yeej yuav tsum muab cov sim yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub hwj chim thiab kev tiv thaiv, thiab muaj thiab maneuverability. Vim cov tsis muaj nws lub xeem ob ciaj ciam ntawm lub T-95 thiab nws tau tsis kam lees US cov tub rog hais kom ua.

Qaug zog "Vaub"

Sib nrug los ntawm lub fact tias cov disadvantages ntawm no tank yog tseem ceeb, nws tus kheej-propelled, txawm cov haib armor, yog tseem lam tau lam ua thiab yooj yim, raws li qhia los ntawm cov kev hiav txwv tej kev txom nyem. T-95 (PT-ACS) muaj cov nram qab tawg tsam.

Cov feem ntau yooj yim taw tes ntawm lub tank destroyer yog nws chassis. Ib tug ob peb hits nyob rau hauv lub lem - thiab nws tus kheej-propelled phom yog muab tub nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, thiab ces ua nrog nws li cas koj xav tau. Turret nws tsis muaj mus rau deploy rab phom tsis tau. Ntxiv khoom tsuas yog lub commander lub phom "Browning" nyob rau hauv ACS yog tsis.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov uas qaug zog point yog sab armor uas nws thickness tsis pub tshaj 65 hli. Ceev Maneuvering tso tsheb hlau luam thiab nws tus kheej-propelled phom ntawm ob ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog yuav sai sai bypass T-95 los ntawm lub flank thiab rear thiab lwm loj kev puas tsuaj, ua rau tus tuag ntawm cov neeg coob.

Lwm cov tsis muaj zog point no SAU yog commander daug, uas muaj ib tug txaus haib armor.

Thiab lub xeem tsis zoo "Vaub". Tom qab tsov rog nws los ua tseeb tias lub hwj chim ntawm riam phom thiab tej cuab yeej ua tsis txiav txim siab lub sij hawm ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua. Tsis txhob bet nyob rau ntxiv-hnyav sib ntaus los khoom thiab nyob rau hauv mobile thiab compact, uas yuav ceev nrooj hloov lawv qhov chaw nyob, ntaus ntawm tus yeeb ncuab thiab raws li sai sai Retreat. Thiab cia li yuav tsum tau loaded rau ib tug railway platform PT-ACS, nws yog tsim nyog los siv txog plaub teev, raws li cov tej yam kev mob ntawm niaj hnub rog cia li ib tug nplua nuj. Cov txheej txheem no yuav raug tshem tawm txawm nyob rau hauv lub chaw thau khoom theem.

Kev tsis SAU "Turtle" T-28 (T-95)

• Nyhav ntug sib ntaus sib tua lub tsheb thawj tsim - 86 tons, tom qab lub thib ob - 95 tons.
• Cov neeg coob - plaub tug neeg.
• self-propelled ntev - kwv yees li 7.5 m, dav - 4.5 meters, lub siab - txog 3 meters.
• Clearance - 50 cm.
• Lub thickness ntawm cov frontal ib feem - 30-31 cm.
• Lub thickness ntawm cov tej laug - 6.5 cm, thiab lub siab tawv - 5 cm.
• Lub caliber ntawm lub ntsiab phom - 105 hli, ib qho ntxiv rab phom commander - 12.7 hli.
• Cav Fais fab - 500 l. ib tug.
• Hwj chim cia nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj - 160 kis lus mev.

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim rau lub tsuas qauv ntawm cov T-95?

Ua hauj lwm rau cov self-propelled phom twb nres nyob rau hauv 1947, raws li raws li nyob rau hauv lawv pib tsim hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam T-29 thiab T-30, nrog phom turrets.

Lub tsuas tsab ntawm superheavy PT-ACS thiab yog tsis muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv real combat battles, tas nws hnub ib tug tu siab txoj kev: ib cov qauv nyob rau hauv ib tug tua hluav taws kiag hlawv los ntawm lub sab hauv yog li ntawd rov qab yog tsis raug rau, thiab lub thib ob yog tsoo down thiab blamed nws rau seem.

Tom qab 27 xyoo, ib tug decommissioned tsab twb pom nyob rau hauv Virginia. Tom qab restoration nws paraded nyob rau hauv ib tug nrov tsev cia puav pheej Patton (Kentucky).

tau

Cov tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm ACS "Turtle" qhia tau hais tias peb hais tias txhua yam ntawm tej cuab yeej yuav tsum sib haum mus rau nws lub sij hawm.

Raws li nws tus yam ntxwv lub American T-95 yog ib qho zoo heev lub tshuab los thaum pib ntawm lub ob ntiaj teb rog, tab sis, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm riam phom nws desperately qab lub ntsiab hom armored thiab artillery rog tsis tau tsuas yog nws cov phoojywg tab sis kuj ntawm tej tw. Ntxiv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv peb tes num yog rov qab kev lag kev luam inefficient, vim hais tias nws kaw.

Kawm tsis zoo kev ntawm lub xyoo dhau los, niaj hnub designers tseem tabtom tsim tub rog cov khoom caj npab rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev raws li rau yoog mus raws tus ua tsov ua rog thiab feem ntau ua tiav raws li kev sib ntaus los pab raws qib.