"Theophylline": cov lus qhia rau kev siv. "Theophylline": indications rau kev siv ntawm analogues

Yog hais tias ib tug neeg suffers los ntawm caj pas rhuav txhua, qhov no tej zaum yuav qhia muaj cov mob obstructive koj muaj teebmeem kev kab mob (COPD). Tus kab mob no yog heev. Feem ntau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no tau pom nyob rau hauv haus luam yeeb. Cov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis mob hit, los yog li cas ib txhia ntsws puas tsuaj. Ib tug neeg uas pab kom ua taus constriction yuav tsis yog tso pa tawm. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub ntsiab tsos mob ces ntawm tus kab mob dyspnea, hnoos, thiab cov hnoos lawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub. Cov feem ntau yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tej hom COPD. Qhov no tshwm sim ntawm mob hawb pob, mob bronchitis, mob hawb pob, bronchiectasis. Nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cov no thiab ntau lwm yam kab mob yuav pab tau xws li ib tug yeeb tshuaj raws li "Theophylline". Cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau them nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no. Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus txog qhov no.

piav qhia

"Theophylline", uas nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tau piav rau hauv qab no, yog ib tug dawb crystalline hmoov. Nws yog ib nyuag soluble nyob rau hauv dej txias (nyob rau hauv tus piv 1: 180), tab sis yog yooj yim yaj nyob rau hauv dej kub (nyob rau hauv ib qho ratio ntawm 1:85). Nws kuj dissolves nyob alkalis thiab acids.

qauv

Nyob rau hauv no formulation lub ntsiab active khoom sib ua zaub mov yog theophylline. no kuj muaj xws li tej yam koom haum pab Cheebtsam. Namely - lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, talc, methacrylic acid.

tso tawm daim ntawv

Muaj ntau ntau hom nyob rau hauv no hais txog. "Theophylline" manufactured li cas-tso tawm ntsiav tshuaj (0.1 g, 0.25 g), tsiav tshuaj (0.125 g, 0.5 g), thiab suppositories (0.2 g).

pharmacological kev ua

Functionality ntawm hais tias formulation yog multi-ncau. "Theophylline", xyuas uas yog zoo, so ce nqaij ntshiv ntawm lub bronchi, muaj ib tug stimulating thiab vasodilator kev txiav txim. Tej kev npaj no kom cov lag luam ntawm lub pa chaw. Tshem tawm mob nyob rau hauv lub diaphragm thiab txhim kho cov hauj lwm ntawm lub intercostal nqaij tseem muaj txhawb rau "Theophylline". Nws siv nyob rau hauv cov kev txheej txheem qhov yuav tshwm ntawm manifestation ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub pa system hom lub cev. Hais tias kev npaj yuav pheev ib tug diuretic nyhuv. Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub active tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub medicament txhawb lub normalization ntawm ua pa muaj nuj nqi, kom txhob muaj cov theem ntawm carbon dioxide thiab muaj zog cua. "Theophylline" zoo tsub kom lub coronary ncig. nws kuj yuav pab tau kom tsis txhob lub suab nrov ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub paj hlwb, ob lub raum thiab lub plawv. Thaum nqa tawm heev kev kho mob yog expanding biliary ib ntsuj av tau, normalization microcirculation thiab erythrocyte kuj mus deformation qab. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob kev txom nyem los ntawm hypotension, tej zaum yuav txo cov ntshav siab. Yuav ua raws li uas tau txais xws li ib tug kev npaj raws li "theophylline", nrog rau beta-blockers, thiab tshuaj tua kab mob ua rau yus kev raug mob ntawm sab los.

indications

Cob hais tias cov tshuaj ntawm muaj tshwm sim ntawm bronchial hawb pob, asthmatic raws li txoj cai, obstructive bronchitis, pulmonary mob hawb pob. Tsis tas li ntawd nws yog siv raws li ib qho kev pab nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam mos cov me nyuam mos nrog apnea. Siv "Theophylline" feem ntau raws li ib tug cov hlab ntsws qhib. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv siv nws raws li ib tug mob loj tsawv cardiotonic (tsub kom lub dag lub zog ntawm lub plawv contractions) thiab diuretic (diuretic) tshuaj rau txhaws ces lub raum thiab mob keeb kwm. Tej zaum nws yog xeem ua ke nrog rau lwm cov inflammatory thiab bronchodilators.

Paub piav qhia txog ntawm lub spectrum ntawm hais tias formulation

Chiv, nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm COPD yog txoj hauj lwm bronchodilators. Lawv nqa qhia tawm cov hlab cua. Ib tug ntawm cov tshuaj, raws li twb hais saum toj no, xws npaj yog li "theophylline". Cov lus qhia rau kev siv characterizes nws raws li ib tug cov hlab ntsws qhib yeeb tshuaj, uas nqa tawm hauv lub thiaj li hu ua thaiv purine receptors. Lub xub ntiag ntawm xws li ib feem mechanism kom qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm chua nyob rau hauv lub tiaj nqaij ntawm lub bronchi, cov tshem tawm ntawm qhov mob nyob rau hauv lub diaphragm, ua kom cov pa mus rau hauv lub ntsws, kev txhim kho kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub intercostal leeg. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tej hlab cua txhob qhib, tus neeg ua pa yooj yim dua.

Nws muaj ib tug meej kom zoo dua, "Theophylline". Cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawd hais tias cov tshuaj no muaj peev xwm zoo cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub ua pa ib ntsuj av tau, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm tus lub cev tshuab. Qhov no tshuaj yuav pab tau nthuav lub coronary thiab peripheral hlab ntsha, impedes tus txheej txheem ntawm platelet adhesion, yog ib tug me me diuretic kev txiav txim. Nws muab stimulation pruning ua si ntawm lub plawv mob (myocardium), txo cov ntshav siab, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug nyhuv lig rau hauv lub central lub paj hlwb. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov tshuaj yog tau ua ntau yam, ib txhij muaj antiasthmatic, cov hlab ntsws qhib, diuretic, spasmolytic, vasodilatory thiab cardiotonic zog.

"Theophylline": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov tshuaj, muaj ntau ntau yam txheej xwm. "Theophylline", raws li cov lus qhia, koj yuav tsum coj cov me nyuam mus rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm 14 thiab cov laus, 300 mg ib hnub twg 2-3 lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov tshuaj yuav tsum haus dej haus dej nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, lub koob tshuaj yuav tau nce mus rau 500 mg 2 lub sij hawm ib hnub twg, yog tias pom zoo los ntawm koj tus kws kho mob. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj ib tug lub cev hnyav tsawg tshaj li 60 kg, ntau npaum yuav tsum tau 100 mg 2 lub sij hawm ib hnub twg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub koomhaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj txais tos ntawm kev npaj no li "Theophylline". Instruction hais tias kho yog tsim nyog los pib nrog me me koob tshuaj thiab maj mam nce lawv yuav tsum tau. Qhov no tshuaj yuav tsum tau nrhiav tu ncua. Lawv yuav tsum 2-3 hnub. Raws li cov lus qhia no, yog tias txoj kev kho mob yog tsim nyog los ua kev cai tu ncua diagnostic cov txheej txheem. Namely - kev siv ntawm cov ntshav tsom xam, cov ntshav siab ntsuas, X-ray, ECG, txiav txim qib roj uas txhaws taus thiab hemoglobin. Lub manifestation ntawm cov kho nyhuv ntawm hais tias txhais tau hais tias los txog tom qab ob hnub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub. Nyob rau hauv ib tug sib koom txais tos ntawm cov tshuaj nrog antispasmodics tau ua lub efficiency ntawm txoj kev kho mob. "Theophylline" thiaj li muaj cov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj antidiarrheal agents. Qhov zoo lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau ceev faj nyob rau hauv ua tej yam caffeinated khoom thiab antidepressants.

Noj cov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis

"Theophylline" ntxim rau cov me nyuam hauv plab nyob rau hauv qeb "C" los ntawm FDA. Lub cuab tam penetrates rau hauv lub placental barrier. Cev xeeb tub poj niam yuav tsum hais tias yeeb tshuaj xwb nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob qhov twg cov kev tsim pab rau cov niam yog ntau tshaj lub peev xwm uas yuav muaj rau lub fetus. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kuv peb lub hlis thiab lub xeem lub lis piam uas cev xeeb tub yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj, tsom kwm nruj indications. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau koj nco ntsoov.

Ntawm ntau lub tswvyim hais tias theophylline clearance thaum lub sij hawm III peb lub hlis uas cev xeeb tub yog txo. Qhov no tej zaum yuav tsum tau ntau heev kev txiav txim ntawm lub concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw nyob rau hauv cov ntshav thiab ib tug ua tau yuav txo tau ntawm cov tshuaj.

Kev pub niam mis "Theophylline" ntog mus rau hauv cov mis nyuj thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm txob taus nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos los yog lwm yam tej yam tshwm sim ntawm tshuaj muaj taug. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub. Lub concentration ntawm hais tias tshuaj nyob rau hauv niam cov kua mis yog kwv yees li sib npaug rau nws cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntshiab ntawm leej niam. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no txhais tau tias ho cheeb uterine contractions.

Contraindications

"Theophylline" cov lus qhia rau kev siv raws li tau piav saum toj no, yog txhob yog hais tias muaj yog:

• Idiosyncrasy.
• Hyperthyroidism.
• Mob myocardial infarction.
• Subaortic stenosis. Qhov no yog ib tug uas tsis yog-inflammatory kab mob ntawm sab laug ventricle ntawm lub plawv nqaij. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm kev qhia ntawm ib tug ntse narrowing ntawm nws cov kab noj hniav.
• Arrythmia.
• Qaug dab peg thiab lwm yam convulsive tej yam kev mob.
• Cev xeeb tub.

Nrog kev saib xyuas nws yog tsim nyog los ua tus txais tos ntawm cov tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm lub manifestation ntawm ulcerative kab mob ntawm lub plab thiab duodenum.

tej kev

Kev haus luam yeeb ho muaj feem xyuam rau cov tuav ntawm metabolism thiab feem ntawm tej yam tshuaj xws li theophylline. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias. Cov neeg uas haus luam yeeb 1-2 packs ntawm luam yeeb ib hnub twg, muaj ib tug txo ib nrab-lub neej lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas hepatic, mob los yog ua pa tsis ua hauj lwm qhia, raws li zoo raws li tus kab mob thiab hyperthermia tshwm sim deceleration tshem tawm ntawm lub active tshuaj. Txais tos cawv thiab caffeine-hom khoom kuj muaj ib tug tseem ceeb ntxim rau cov metabolism ntawm theophylline.

sis

Cov tshuaj "Theophylline" txhawb nqa potentiation nyhuv ntawm β2-agonists. Nws kuj txhim khu co, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug sympathomimetic tshuaj hom thiab yog tau inhibit tus txheej txheem ntawm haum ntawm phenytoin. Qeeb tshem tawm ntawm cov txhais tau tias muaj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws cov sis raug zoo nrog cov "erythromycin" thiab "phenobarbital." Txhais tau hais tias "Theophylline" muab ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv lub raum feem ntawm lithium. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub tshuaj tshuav nyiaj li cas yog ntxhov nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas noj cov coj ntsev. Cov tshuaj "cimetidine" txhawb rau concentration hauv cov ntshav theophylline ntau ntau, thiab tsub kom lub sij hawm uas nws ntsoos ntsoos. Tshuaj zoo li no los yuav tsum tau teev tseg hauv qab no.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm sab los

Thaum tau txais cov hais tias cov tshuaj yuav muaj ntau tsis zoo mob. Namely:

• Tej zaum koj yuav muaj kev cov tsos mob ntawm kiv taub hau, insomnia, mob taub hau, tsaus muag, ntxhov siab vim, co, tsis meej pem, qaug dab peg.
• Nyob rau hauv cov hlab plawv system - arrhythmia, tachycardia, cuav angina, cia li txo nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, angina pectoris.
• Los ntawm cov digestive system - cov emergence ntawm xeev siab, ntuav, kub siab, raws plab, flatulence, mob plab, gastritis.
• Thaum lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub txais tos txhais tau tias yuav tsum tau cai ib co ces tsis haum tshuaj loj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khaus, kub, urticaria, dermatitis, kub taub hau, tawm hws thiab daim tawv nqaij ua pob ua xyua.

overdose

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj ntau yam tsos mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ces koom nrog:

- ntxhov siab;

- tsis meej pem;

- convulsions;

- tachycardia;

- arrhythmia;

- hypotension;

- xeev siab;

- raws plab;

- ntuav nrog ib tug admixture ntawm cov ntshav;

- hyperglycemia;

- metabolic acidosis.

Thaum cov tsos mob no yog muab ib tug tej yam kev kho mob. Namely, nqa tawm los ntawm:

• Activated hluav ncaig txoj kev.
• Irrigation cheeb tsam plob tsis so tswj ua ke ntawm ntsev thiab polyethylene glycol tshuaj.
• Tso dej txais tos "MCP" los yog "Ondansetron" nrog cim cov tsos mob ntawm xeev siab thiab ntuav.
• Txais tos "benzodiazepines", "Phenobarbital" (los yog thiopental sodium) thiab peripheral leeg hnaiv ntawm tshwm sim ntawm qaug dab peg.

"Theophylline": counterparts

Muaj ntau ntau txawv cov tshuaj ntawm no hom. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, xav txog cov nram tshuaj:

- "Teobiolong" ( "Theobilongum").

- "Spofillinretard" "(Spophillin retard").

- "Perfillon" ( "PerphyUon").

- "Neoefrodal" ( "Neo-Efrodal").

- "Franol" ( "Franol").

cia

Lub hmoov thiab ntsiav tshuaj ( "theophylline") muab cia rau hauv ib tug maub, qhuav qhov chaw. Lawv txee lub neej yog tsib lub xyoos. Cia taws tswm ciab yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub tub yees. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav khov. Lawv txee-lub neej ntawm plaub lub xyoos.

tshwm sim

Tom qab nyeem ntawv cov saum toj no, ib tug yuav xav txog tej yam dab tsi ib tug yeeb tshuaj xws li "theophylline", tus nqi ntawm uas yog tau (tsis pub dhau 70-160 xuas.). Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no hais txog cov lus qhia rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj thiab nws cov sis raug zoo nrog lwm yam txhais tau tias.