Transesophageal echocardiography: yog dab tsi?

Pathology ntawm cov hlab plawv system yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau ntawm kev tuag. Qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov kab mob yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tus nais khu cov neeg laus. Mob ntawm lub plawv kab mob nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv pab txo txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem thiab lub neej no. Ib tug ntawm txoj kev ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav no echocardiography. Qhov no diagnostic txoj kev uas yuav tsum tau mus ntsuam xyuas cov kev ua si ntawm lub plawv. Feem ntau, echocardiography yog ua los ntawm txoj kev ib tug ultrasonic sensor, uas yog muab tso rau lub hauv siab phab ntsa. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, txoj kev tshawb no yog ua thaum lub sij hawm kev phais. Ces ua transesophageal echocardiography. Qhov no txoj kev tso cai rau koj yuav pom tau lub plawv nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Transesophageal echocardiography - yog dab tsi?

Echocardiography - yog ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab txoj kev kuaj kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv system. Nws yuav ua tau nyob rau txhua lub hnub nyoog, vim nws yog tsis nrog los ntawm ib tug radial load rau hauv lub cev. Vim li no cov instrumental kev tshawb nrhiav yuav pom tau qhov luaj li cas thiab thickness ntawm lub plawv lag, rau kev ntsuam xyuas hauv lub xeev ntawm lub qub. Transesophageal echocardiography (ChPEhoKG) yus nyob rau hauv hais tias nws yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub sab hauv, es sab nraum (hauv siab phab ntsa). Nrog rau qhov no imaging zoo yog kho kom zoo. Lub daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas tsis txhob muab tag nrho, tiam sis tsuas yog rau tshwj xeeb indications. Qhov ntawd ua echocardiography los ntawm cov hlab pas kab noj hniav, koj yuav tsum xub nqa tawm nws transthoracic. Qhov no diagnostic txoj kev yog nqa tawm los ntawm qhia tshwj xeeb uas kawm cov kws nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob.

Nws raws li cov qauv ntawm cov transesophageal echocardiography?

Transesophageal echocardiography ntawm lub plawv - qhov no imaging cov txheej txheem, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv ultrasound. Ultrasound yog tau siv ib tug tshwj xeeb sensor thiab gel. Tus ntaus ntawv tsim ib tug high-zaus suab tsis. Fabrics "lub luag hauj lwm" rau cov Pib ntsais koj teeb rau echolocation hom. Muab hais tias txhua txhua hloov khoom nruab nrog muaj ib tug tej yam ceev thiab qauv, lawv yuav txawv tso tawm rau tus saib kev cob cog rua rau lub tsev. Kev tshawb fawb yog ua nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Qhov no txhais tau tias tus kws kho mob ntawm haumxeeb diagnostics yuav ntsuam xyuas qhov mob ntawm lub plawv lag, thaum lub sensor slides raws nto ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau hauv zoo transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal txoj kev tshawb no qhia txawm pom tsawg heev cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv. Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum lub sij hawm ultrasound ntawm lub hauv siab phab ntsa, tsis yog ib txwm tau mus ua tau txaus mob imaging. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub tshuab "xaiv" nrog echoes ntawm lwm yam lub cev: lub tav, adipose ntaub so ntswg, tej nqaij. Thaum ua tau zoo ChPEhoKG 'ultrasound qhov rais' yog zoo heev txo, yog li no txoj kev yog ntau.

Indications rau txoj kev tshawb no

Lub ntsiab indications rau txoj kev tshawb no pom nws yooj yim sua kom ib tug mob raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm transthoracic echocardiography. Feem ntau, qhov no diagnostic txoj kev yog ua nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tau txhawj loj mob txawv txav. nws yog tseem yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub cev muaj kab noj hniav. Muab hais tias tus ultrasound los ntawm tus nto ntawm lub hauv siab phab ntsa nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob, uninformative, ua transesophageal echocardiography. Indications rau txoj kev tshawb no:

1. Teeb meem tom qab lub plawv valve hloov. Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, lub cog ntev tau cawm, li no yuav ua tau rau mob, ua paug.
2. Stratification ntawm lub plawv los yog ib tug aneurysm ntawm lub aorta.
3. Tsis tau hauj lwm ntawm prosthetic li qub.
4. Cov kab mob ntawm lub plawv nqaij - endo-, myo- pericarditis.
5. Rwj aorta.
6. Thrombosis ventricle.
7. Qhov yuav tsum tau kawm thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev phais.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau cov indications, transesophageal echocardiography yog yuav tsum tau ua ntej prosthetic li qub. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb yog nqa tawm ntawm ib tug kom lightness ntsws (emphysema), rog.

Contraindications rau transesophageal echocardiography

Txawm tias qhov zoo ChPEhoKG, qhov no daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas txoj kev tsis yog lug siv. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nws yog tus, thiab tsis yog tag nrho cov neeg mob pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ib co contraindications rau transesophageal echocardiography. Cov lawv:

1. Inflammatory kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab lub caj pas.
2. Anomalies ntawm kev loj hlob koom haum (luv luv hlab pas, diverticulum).
3. Cirrhosis, stricture. Feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab lom nrog acids los yog alkalis.
4. Erosive esophagitis.
5. Ntshav los ntawm ulcers cardia ntawm lub plab.
6. Esophageal dilatation ntawm hepatic mob npuas paug.
7. Cancers ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab lub caj pas.
8. Cancer ntawm cov hlab pas los yog cardia ntawm lub plab.

Nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv ntawm txoj hnyuv kab mob tej zaum yuav tsum tau ua ChPEhoKG cov neeg mob uas muaj hnub nyoog. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb yog tsis contraindicated rau cov poj niam xeeb tub thiab cov neeg txom nyem los ntawm Somatic pathologies. Nws tsis yog nrog irradiation ntawm tus kab mob.

Kev npaj rau transesophageal echocardiography

Ua ntej koj yuav muab ib tug transesophageal echocardiography, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau xa mus rau undergo ib tug series ntawm laboratory kev ntsuam xyuas. Cov muaj xws li: ntshav Science News for KIDS, lub KLA thiab OAM, coagulation. Qhov no tej zaum yuav tshwm sim kev hloov xws li nce ntawm leukocytes, platelets, ceev ESR. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ua ntej mus rau lub daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas, nws yog feem ntau ua transthoracic ultrasound mob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob uas xav tias kab mob plawv yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov ECG.

Transesophageal echocardiography yog ib tug muaj kev ruaj ntseg txoj kev, yog li ntawd, tsis yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev cob qhia. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob yog noj tej yam tshuaj, ces rho lawv ua ntej lub xeem yog tsis tsim nyog. Ib tug tsim nyog mob rau lub txheej txheem yog cov tsis ua hauj rau mov rau 6 teev ua ntej ChPEhoKG. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj hniav cuav, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tej zaum, ua ntej lub xeem yog ua premedication. Yuav kom txo tau salivation, tshuaj "atropine" muab intravenously. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob yog nyob rau hauv ib tug pog lub xeev, muab tranquilizers (tshuaj "Diazepam").

Txheej txheem transesophageal echocardiography

Kom tsis txhob tsis xis nyob, lub qhov ncauj thiab lub caj pas mob reliever. Yuav kom qhov no kawg siv formulation "lidocaine" los yog "Dikain". Tus neeg mob yog muab tso rau sab laug sab. Yuav kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov kev sojntsuam thiab los pab txhawb nws cov kev taw qhia mus rau hauv lub caj pas, siv ib tug tshwj xeeb ncauj npog ncig sab. Qhov kawg ntawm lub twj paj nruag yuav tsum tau kho nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb gel, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv ultrasound xeem. Tom qab ntawd, lub endoscope sojntsuam no tso rau hauv lub esophageal lumen. Yuav kom pab txhawb cov txheej txheem, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau ua nqos. Tsis pub dhau 5-10 feeb ntsuas yog nyob rau hauv gullet kab noj hniav. Teeb ntawm lub endoscope yog raws kev coj mus rau hauv lub plawv. Los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv cov hlab pas ntaus ntawv no echoes. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lawv muaj tso tawm rau cov saib thiab muab sau tseg rau zaj duab xis.

Qhov ntawd yuav qhia tau los ntawm transesophageal echocardiography

Tsaug rau echocardiography, ua los ntawm cov hlab pas kab noj hniav, koj yuav ntsuam xyuas qhov mob ntawm lub plawv mob, endocarditis thiab valvular apparatus. Qhov no kev tshawb fawb yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau mob. Muab lub siab cov lus qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev, nws yog ua tau rau ntes txawm me ntsis kev puas tsuaj rau lub plawv kab noj hniav. ChPEhoKG qhia lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, inflammatory kev hloov, aortic phais. Tshwj xeeb tuav txawv peb-dimensional txoj kev tshawb no. Tsaug rau lub 3D-ultrasound cardiography yog tau tsis tsuas mus rau kev ntsuam xyuas hauv lub xeev ntawm lub plawv mob, tab sis kuj yuav npaj rau tus neeg mob rau cov lag luam ntawm lub valve prosthesis. Qhov no txoj kev siv rau high-tech kev tshawb fawb thiab yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb tsev kho mob.

Tau teeb meem ntawm transesophageal echocardiography

Ib txoj kev ntawm mob yog suav tias yog transesophageal echocardiography ntawm lub plawv. Qhov twg ua rau txoj kev? Txoj kev tshawb no twb tau nyob rau hauv tsev kho mob nrog Cardiology department, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv private tsev kho mob, txawm peem rau nrog niaj hnub mob cov khoom. Nws yog ib nqi nco ntsoov tias, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm cov kev ruaj ntseg, nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob tej zaum yuav tsim teeb meem. Cov no muaj xws mob arrhythmias, raws li zoo raws li kev tsis haum tshuaj rau cov tshuaj (anesthetics, tranquilizers). Kom tsis txhob loj txim, nws yog tsim nyog los muaj ib tug npaj txhij txheej resuscitation.

Transesophageal echocardiography ntawm lub plawv: xyuas ntawm cov neeg mob thiab cov kws kho mob

Txoj kev tshawb no muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab tsis mob, yog li cov neeg mob siab ntev nws zoo. Yuav kom kuaj loj pathology yog ua transesophageal echocardiography. Cov kws kho mob hais txog qhov no txoj kev zoo daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas. Cov kws kho mob hais tias nws mas tuav thiab kev ruaj ntseg.