Tsis tu ncua cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm - cov ntaub ntawv, cov pov thawj thiab science chronology

Tsis tu ncua cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub hnub thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv ib feem vim hais tias ntawm saib iav heev thiab muaj lub siab pab qhia rau xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv tus poj deeds ntawm cov ancient rulers. Lub exploits ntawm lub rulers - tiag tiag los yog zajlus - tsim lub hauv paus ntawm cov thawj keeb kwm, uas yuav qhib txoj kev mus rau kev paub ntawm lub ancient ntiaj teb no. Keeb kwm cov txheej xwm thiab xov xwm yuav muab txhais tseeb los yog txhob txwm, tab sis peb raws li nyob deb xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, yog xav nyob rau hauv tej scraps ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub ancient keeb kwm.

Tus thawj recordings

Lub hiob ntaub ntawv hais txog lub neej ntawm peb cov pog koob yawg koob pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub ancient Greeks thiab cov neeg Iyiv pov thawj. Pob zeb inscriptions, tawg tsam ntawm parchment thiab lub qhov ncauj retellings nteg lub lub hauv paus rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm yav dhau los ntawm noob neej. Tom qab ntawd, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev sau ntawv ib tug tsis tu ncua cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm tau ua ntau paub - cov me nyuam no twb tau mus tshawb cov keeb kwm ntawm yav dhau los centuries thiab ntsuam xyuas lawv. Yog li nws nyob rau hauv lub thawj cov ntaub ntawv. Thawj mention ntawm lub keeb kwm ntaub ntawv hnub tim rau rov qab mus rau lub nyob deb lub sij hawm ntawm cov thawj civilizations ntawm Is Nrias teb, Mesopotamia, Tuam Tshoj thiab tim lyiv teb chaws.

ntau qhov chaw

Kom ntau ntawm cov pov thawj txog tus txheej xwm ntawm lub ancient ntiaj teb no yog muaj nyob rau hauv phau Vajlugkub thiab tus Talmud. Piv txwv li, lub pav ntawm lub ancient huab tais ntawm Nabu-kudurri-usur pom nyob rau hauv Akkadian keeb kwm. Yuav ua li cas yog tus huab tais, thiab muaj nws txoj cai mus li cas lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm - lo lus nug no yog cov lus teb yuav tsum tau. Tsis tu ncua cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm tsis tau muab ua tiav ntaub ntawv, thiab kev tsis sib haum thiab ruam tag txhais ntawm cov keeb kwm sij hawm los ntawm lub ancient historians zoo rau nws baffled. Nws coj lub dag zog ntawm ntau tiam ntawm historians thiab soj ntsuam los txheeb xyuas cov ancient huab tais ntawm Mesopotamia nrog lub biblical Nenpukhanexa thiab tsim kom muaj nws reign. Bold historians kev xav tau tom qab paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm archaeological excavations, thiab tej ntsiab cai uas niaj hnub sib tam raws li tus tsom xam ntawm tej isotopes ntawm carbon tso cai rau ho nqaim cia lub sij hawm ncej thiab tsom lub era heyday ntawm ib tug dynasty.

tag nrho cov-Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv lub heyday ntawm Kievan Rus pib clocking txheej xwm ntawm lub ancient xeev. Feem ntau yog ancient keeb kwm yog Nestorovskaya Chronicle, tsim nyob rau hauv Kyiv nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th. Nestor sib sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov dab neeg hais txog lub tsim ntawm Rus 'thiab muab lawv tiav thiab structuring.

Tom qab ntawd thaud sau hnub tim 14-15 centuries. Yuav kom dim Vladimir vault, lub Radziwill Chronicle, vaults thiab Lavrentiev Hypatius keeb kwm. Qhov kawg ntawm ib tug tag nrho-Lavxias teb sab Chronicle yog tsim los ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th - qhov thiaj li hu ua Nikon Chronicle, uas tau absorbed tag nrho cov zoo-paub nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thawj qhov chaw thiab tsim koj tus kheej lub ntsej muag chronicle.

Chronology thiab periodization

Scraps ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau kom thiab tau muab txiav txim siab distortions. Lub mention ntawm lwm kav feem ntau tau ntsib ob peb lub sij hawm, thiab nws yog heev yooj yim mus qhia rau lawv nrog tiag tiag keeb kwm cov txheej xwm. Cov npe ntawm cov keeb kwm sij hawm thiab cov txheej xwm uas paub meej txog lub sij hawm thiab cov sij hawm tau tsim ntau tom qab. Lawv muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab kev siv ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb department ntawm science cov kev tshawb fawb - keeb kwm chronology.

Ntau theem ntawm cov paub txog keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj arisen vim tib neeg xav tau kev systematizing thiab ordering rau ntau yam txheej xwm ntawm yav dhau los. Muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau periodization - qhov qee ntawm cov ntau yam ua sawv ntawm lub keeb kwm thiab to taub ntawm lawv cov ntsiab lus. Tej keeb kwm sij hawm yuav tsum tau raws li nyob rau hauv tej qho yam ntxwv uas cia ntau txheej xwm mus nyob rau hauv ib tug coj. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm cov laus Kingdom yus flowering qhev system thiab thiaj li nyob.

Calendar thiab keeb kwm suav

Cov feem ntau yooj yim hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm suav lub sij hawm thiab epochs yog lub daim ntawv qhia hnub txoj kev. Ntau lub hnub nyoog khi rau keeb kwm lub sij hawm uas cov suav tau ua nws tus kheej. Tom qab ntawd qhov chaw sib koom keeb kwm lub sij hawm mus rau hauv ob tug poj epochs - ua ntej Tswv Yexus thiab tom qab Tswv Yexus.

Keeb kwm kuaj paub los ntawm kev nqus lub sij hawm. Ces lub sij hawm yog suav nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm ib tug los yog lwm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim dynasty. Txawm nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub sij hawm, qhov no txoj kev yog heev nrov - zaum, piv txwv li, paub qhov txawv cov reign ntawm lub Tudors nyob rau hauv ces los yog daim ntawv qhia txog ib qho kev keeb kwm kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, yos nws era ntawm lub Tang Dynasty. Koj yuav pom tias nws thiab lwm yam kev cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm yog heev yooj yim - cov kev faib ntawm lub daim ntawv qhia hnub tso cai rau koj kom meej teem lub sij hawm ncej ntawm kev tshwm sim. Ruaj mus rau lub keeb kwm kev faib qhia tus yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug yav dhau los lub sij hawm.

Tsis tu ncua cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm cov keeb kwm cov txheej xwm yog raws li nram no, noj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov muaj nyob rau hauv xov xwm. Peb tshuav ib tug ntau ntawm cov pov thawj los ntawm peb tus kheej lub neej. Tej zaum peb xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv yuav tsum tau to taub txog cov abundance ntawm cov lus tseeb ntawm peb lub neej niaj hnub thiab muab lawv ib tug dlej kwv yees.