Txhua txhua hnub peb siv cov khoom tsim los ntawm PVC. Yuav ua li cas yog no substance?

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias niaj hnub lub neej yuav tsis paub tsis PVC. Yuav ua li cas yog nws rau ib tug niaj hnub khwv nyiaj txiag? Paub meej ntawm PVC hnub no yog txog li 15 kilograms ntawm tag nrho cov luj ntawm ib tug nruab nrab European tsheb, qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov neeg cov khoom (khoom, khaub ncaws, khau, rooj tog zaum, hauv pem-teb, credit cards, thiab lwm yam)

Tshuaj rau ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm ib xyoo pua kuj siv PVC. Yuav ua li cas yog nws yuav pom los ntawm xa mus rau heev heev ib leeg-siv khoom. Qhov twg koj yuav nrhiav tau ib lub pob rau cov ntsiav tshuaj, log tsheb, phais hnab looj tes, catheters, pab kiag li lawm rau noj, cov ntshav hnab. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog yus muaj los ntawm cov uas tsis muaj nqi, tau ntse hloov lub roj hmab thiab iav, yooj yim sterilized, nws yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv lub cev tib neeg.

Yog hais tias peb saib tej yam uas muaj nyob rau hauv peb lub tsev, muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv kuj ua los ntawm PVC. Yuav ua li cas yog nws yuav ua tau? Polyvinyl tshuaj dawb yog feem ntau lub hauv paus rau hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, kav dej, qhov rai profiles, cov khoom ua si, ntim cov ntaub ntawv, cov xov tooj txawb, yas hwj, hlab rau cov tshuaj txhuam hniav thiab ntau npaum li cas.

Yuav ua li cas txiav txim ib tug ntau PVC? Yuav ua li cas yog nws nrog cov tshuaj taw tes ntawm view? Raws li cov mis (-CH2-CHCl-) nyob rau hauv degree n (degree ntawm polymerisation) PVC yog ib tug hluavtaws polymer uas belongs rau lub hauv paus thiab yog ua los ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov roj (57 thiab 43 rau ib xees feem). Qhuav dab ntawm tsawg tshaj li ib nrab yog nyob rau ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov roj cov khoom, uas yuav ua rau qhov kev tso tawm ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj txiaj ntsim thiab nws tus nqi - tsis muaj.

Polyvinyl nyob rau hauv zoo li yog ib tug dawb powdery tshuaj nrog zoo dielectric zog. Nws yog ntxhiab thiab tasteless, insoluble nyob rau hauv dej, resistant mus oxidation, tsis zoo illuminated (vim cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg), resistant rau acids, ntxhia roj, alkalis, alcohols. Thaum rhuab mus 100 degrees C. tshuaj decomposes hydrogen chloride liberation.

PVC Siv pib nrog extraction ntawm lub sodium chloride ntsev tov (los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hluav taws xob paug). Nyob rau hauv parallel, cov roj muab tau rho tawm los ntawm ethylene (ib txoj kev hu ua "ntes"). Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj thiab ethylene ua ke tawm los ntawm ethylene dichloride. Nyob rau hauv lem tsim dichloride, yas chloride (monomer), uas yog ces hloov dua siab tshiab nyob rau hauv lub polymerization rau cov yam tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Yuav kom qhov no ntxiv ntau yam, uas muab tau cov khoom tiav uas muaj tej yam thaj chaw rau cov sector.

PVC manufacturers siv peb tej txoj kev rau lub polymerization ntawm monomers thaiv, ncua kev kawm ntawv thiab emulsion. Nyob rau hauv no ncua kev kawm ntawv yog yuav siv los nrhiav tau mos mos, semi-yeem thiab txhav yas, thiab cov emulsion - rau mos khoom uas tau los plastisols. Nyob rau hauv lub qhaj ntawv los yog muaj cov plasticizers nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tso tawm, feem unplasticized thiab plasticized khoom. Tus thawj yog tsawg resistant kom tsawg kub (txog li rho tawm 15 degrees C), thiab lub thib ob mas txias rau -60 degrees. Niaj hnub no, feem ntau pressing teeb meem nrog cov tshuaj yog lawv sau thiab ub.